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Defense Products Catalog — Page 143

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Shell 105 mm FD High-Explosive Squash Head
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
India
Shell 105 mm FD High-Explosive Squash Head
Armament FV433 Abbot; Indian Ordnance Factories 105 mm Light Field Gun . Development The 105 mm L43 series HESH was originally developed for the FV433 Abbot 105 mm self-propelled gun which has been withdrawn from service with the British Army. However, a number of Value Engineered Abbots (68) was supplied to India where ammunition similar to the L43 series HESH is still produced. The 105 mm L43A3 HESH is not used with the RO Defence 105 mm L118 Light Gun and is no longer in production in the UK. A 105 mm HESH round is produced for the Indian 105 mm Light Field Gun and FV433 Abbots in service with the army of the Indian Republic. The 105 mm L43A1 and L43A2 HESH are obsolete. The main producers of this round were Royal Ordnance (now BAE Systems , RO Defence), Ammunition Division. Description The body of the 105 mm L43A3 HESH has very thin walls and a short rounded ogive, which provides the projectile with a squat appearance that cannot be confused with the L31 HE series and other similar projectiles. The shell nose is closed by an aluminium alloy plug and there is a single driving band pressed into a ribbed groove machined into the end of the body. The rear of the body is internally screw threaded to accommodate an anodised aluminium alloy fuze subassembly which comprises the shell base, into which is fitted the L58A1 base percussion fuze. Four cavities in the base each accommodate an L9A1 tracer together with its retaining plug; the tracers are ignited by the propelling charge. The base is strengthened by an aluminium plate screwed into the outside of it. The ogive of the shell is filled with inert bitumen (composition RD 1061), separated from the main filling of 2.098 kg of RDX/WX8 and sealed at the rear by a waxed felt disc. On impact the nose of the 105 mm L43A3 HESH projectile collapses so that the filling is spread as a `plaster' across the target. Once the spreading action is complete, the base fuze detonates to transfer the detonation wave directly onto and through the target armour. The maximum charge used with this projectile is Charge 4 ½ . This is formed by removing the Charge 3 increment from the Full Charge 5. The 105 mm Shell, Practice Squash Head (Prac SH) L41A1 is filled with 2.626 kg of an inert high-explosive substitute inside the body of the obsolete L41A1 service shell. The Shell, Practice Squash Head (Prac SH) L41A2 uses the shell body of the L41A2 (obsolete) or L41A3 service shell. These training projectiles have no base fuze but retain the four tracers. Neither of these training rounds remain in production in the UK. Authorised fuzes L58A1 base percussion Equivalent rounds INDIA INDIA Manufacturer Indian Ordnance Factory Khamaria Jabalpur Type: 105 mm IFG HESH Description: Used with 105 mm Light Field Gun and FV433 Abbot. Complete round weighs 17.69 kg with projectile weighing 11 kg. Filled with 2.128 kg of RDX/Wax 88:12. Muzzle velocity 693 m/s. Fitted with L29A3 base fuze and Tracer No 30 in tail extension spikeRead More
Shell 105 mm FD Smoke BE L45A2 (fuzed)
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
India
Shell 105 mm FD Smoke BE L45A2 (fuzed)
Armament RO Defence 105 mm L118 Light Gun; FV433 Abbot; RDM 105 mm M101/37 ; Indian Ordnance Factories 105 mm Light Field Gun and 105 mm Field Gun. Development Originally developed for the 105 mm L13A1 ordnance used on the Vickers Defence Systems FV433 Abbot Self-propelled Gun, the 105 mm L45A2 BE Smoke projectile is now used by the British Army with the RO Defence 105 mm L118 Light Gun as the Abbot has been withdrawn from service by the British Army. However, numbers of Value Engineered Abbots remain in service in India (68), and ammunition similar to the L45 BE Smoke has been produced in that country for them and for the locally produced Indian Ordnance Factories 105 mm Light Field Gun and 105 mm Field Gun. The first smoke projectiles used with the 105 mm Abbot and Light Gun were the L36A1 and L36A2; these are now obsolete. The 105 mm L45A1 BE Smoke may still be encountered and is basically the same projectile as the L45A2. The main producers of this round are RO Defence, Ammunition Division. In July 1995, the Spanish Army ordered 56 L118 Light Guns from Royal Ordnance (now BAE Systems , RO Defence). Ammunition for these guns is loaded, assembled and packed in Spain by EXPAL SA and SANTA BARBARA. RO Defence 105 mm Light Guns are in service in at least 18 countries. Well over 1,000 units have been produced. It should be noted that the 105 mm Light Guns deployed by the US Army are of the M119A1 standard with an L119 ordnance firing ammunition of the 105 mm HE M1 family. Description The 105 mm L45A2 BE Smoke is ballistically matched to the 105 mm L31 series of HE projectiles and has an identical external profile. The internal diameter of the 105 mm L45A2 BE Smoke is enlarged at the rear of the body to avert compression from the single copper driving band acting on the smoke container. Internally, the forward end of the shell is formed with a fuze cavity connected to a flash channel where the burster charge (28.35 g of gunpowder G12) is located. Inside the shell are three smoke canisters retained in position by a steel baseplate and a PVC locking ring which is screwed home against the baseplate. Washers are used as adjustable packing between the baseplate and the rear smoke canister. Each canister is filled with approximately 848 g of Composition SR 252, which acts as an igniter, and PN 800 smoke agent. In use the fuze functions at the selected time and the resultant flash ignites the burster charge. The burster charge sets up a pressure behind a baffle plate which then allows a small flash to pass down a perforated central channel to ignite all three smoke canisters. The pressure from the baffle plate also forces the PVC ring securing the baseplate to break the baseplate and canisters to be ejected, usually at an altitude over the target area of 200 m. The smoke canisters form a dense cloud of smoke for approximately 60 seconds. The smoke build-up is slower than White Phosphorus (WP) but the smoke cloud follows ground contours more closely and is more persistent. The Charge system is assembled in brass cartridge cases, Normal (L35A1/A2) having five increments and Super (L36A2/A3), a unitary charge. Ignition is by an electric primer ( L10A1 ) fitted in the cartridge base. Range performance is as follows: Charge 1 (L35A1/A2) - 2,500 to 5,700 m Charge 2 (L35A1/A2) - 2,700 to 7,200 m Charge 3 (L35A1/A2) - 5,900 to 9,500 m Charge 4 (L35A1/A2) - 7,900 to 12,200 m Charge 5 (L35A1/A2) - 15,300 m Super Charge (L36A2/A3) - 17,200 m. Minimum ranges with Charge 1 and 2 require L1A1 spoiler rings to be fitted to the nose of the shell. Also available is the Cartridge 105 mm FD Training L45A1. See separate entry for details. Authorised fuzes MT PD L34 or MT L92 Equivalent rounds INDIA INDIA Manufacturer Indian Ordnance Factory Dehu Road, Pune Type: Shell 105 mm lFG BE Smoke Description: Fitted with MT No 213 fuze. Contains four smoke canisters. Maximum range given as 11,000 m Manufacturer Indian Ordnance Factory, Khamaria Jabalpur Type: Shell 105 mm lFG BE Smoke Description: Weight given as 16.9 kg with projectile length 465 mmRead More
Shell 105 mm FD Illuminating L43A2 (fuzed)
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
India
Shell 105 mm FD Illuminating L43A2 (fuzed)
Armament RO Defence 105 mm L118 Light Gun; FV433 Abbot: RDM 105 mm M101/37 . Development The 105 mm L43A2 Illuminating shell is of Swedish design and manufacture and corresponds approximately to the Bofors AB (originally FFV Ordnance) 105 mm Illuminating Projectile LUMA Mk 2 (see separate entry for details). It was originally procured for the 105 mm L13A1 ordnance used on the Vickers Defence Systems FV433 Abbot Self-propelled Gun, although the Illuminating L43A2 is now used with the RO Defence 105 mm L118 Light Gun as the Abbot has been withdrawn from service with the British Army. RO Defence 105 mm Light Guns are in service in at least 18 countries. Well over 1,000 units have been produced. It should be noted that the 105 mm Light Guns deployed by the US Army are of the M119A1 standard with an L119 ordnance firing ammunition of the 105 mm HE M1 family. Description The 105 mm L43A2 Illuminating is a comparatively thin-walled base ejection shell fitted with a single drive band. The base of the body is closed by a baseplate held in position with three shear pins. The outer face of the baseplate is recessed to provide an unbalanced condition, preventing damage to the parachute after ejection. The interior contains the ejection (black powder G4) and ignition charges, the flare canister and its parachute, the latter housed in a metal-sided tube in two halves. At the time selected, the fuze functions to ignite the ejection charge which in turn ignites the ignition charge. The ejection charge builds up pressure which forces down on the flare canister and tube halves. The three shear pins then break to allow the baseplate, flare parachute and canister to eject, with the baseplate moving to one side due to its unbalanced state. As this is happening the ignition charge ignites the flare composition which is magnesium and sodium nitrate bonded by a resin. The ignition charge used with the L43A2 incorporates a 1.7 second delay, which the earlier L43A1 was lacking. The usual operating height is 400 m, depending on the cloudbase, and the flare will burn for up to 40 seconds to produce a brilliancy of 900,000 to 1 Mcd (1 Lx). Rate of descent is less than 10 m/s. The Charge system is assembled in brass cartridge cases, Normal (L35A1/A2) having five increments and Super (L36A2/A3), a unitary charge. Ignition is by an electric primer ( L10A1 ) fitted in the cartridge base. Also available is the Cartridge 105 mm FD Training L45A1. See separate entry for details. Authorised fuzes MT L81 or user-selected fuze. The fuze must have a metric thread form and is not compatible with any MIL-STD-333A fuze hole Equivalent rounds INDIA INDIA Manufacturer Indian Ordnance Factory Dehu Road, Pune Type: Shell 105 mm LFG Illuminating Description: Max range given as 11,000 m. Fuze fitted is MT 213 Mk 5 (M-2). Projectile weight is 16 kg. Duration of burning of flare assembly is 25 secondsRead More
Shell 105 mm FD Marker L37A1/A2 and L38A1/A2
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
India
Shell 105 mm FD Marker L37A1/A2 and L38A1/A2
Armament RO Defence 105 mm L118 Light Gun; FV433 Abbot; RDM 105 mm M101/37 . Development Originally developed for the 105 mm L13A1 ordnance used on the Vickers Defence Systems FV433 Abbot self-propelled gun, the L37A1/A2 and L38A1/A2 Marker projectile series is now used with the RO Defence 105 mm L118 Light Gun as the Abbot has been withdrawn from service by the British Army. The only difference between the 105 mm Marker L37A1/A2 and L38A1/A2 is that the L37 projectiles emit red smoke and the L38 projectiles emit orange smoke. The main producers of this round are RO Defence, Ammunition Division. In July 1995, the Spanish Army ordered 56 L118 Light Guns from Royal Ordnance (now BAE Systems , RO Defence). Ammunition for these guns is loaded, assembled and packed in Spain by EXPAL SA and SANTA BARBARA. RO Defence 105 mm Light Guns are in service in at least 18 countries. Well over 1,000 units have been produced. It should be noted that the 105 mm Light Guns deployed by the US Army are of the M119A1 standard with a L119 ordnance firing ammunition of the 105 mm HE M1 family. Description Intended for use as target markers, these 105 mm Marker projectiles are identical apart from their fillings. They are also matched ballistically to the 105 mm L31 HE projectiles. The shell has a steel body with a single driving band. The fuze cavity in the nose leads into a cavity with a distance-piece at its forward end. The distance-piece has a paper tube liner containing the RDX/WX8 exploder and two paper discs. Behind the distance-piece and separated from it by a millboard washer is the main filling, separated from the baseplate by more millboard discs. There are two steel baseplates, of different diameters and with external screw threads, separated by a copper disc. The main filling is in two parts. The forward (main) part consists of 1.19 kg of a PETN/wax dye smoke composition in the form of prepressed pellets. These are located forward of the driving band. The lower part consists of a 269.3 g pellet of wax/dye smoke composition. On the 105 mm Marker L37A1 and L38A1 the threads on the inner and outer baseplates lack a coating of a rubber sealing compound which is applied to the same threads on the L37A2 and L38A2. On the 105 mm Marker L37A1 and L37A2 the front (main) filling is Composition PN 740 which produces red smoke. On the L38A1 and L38A2 the front (main) filling is Composition PN 641 M or PN 867 producing orange smoke. In both cases the explosive element is PETN. The Charge system is assembled in brass cartridge cases, Normal (L35A1/A2) with five increments and Super (L36A2/A3), a unitary charge. Ignition is by an electric primer ( L10A1 ) fitted in the cartridge base. Range performance is as follows: Charge 1 (L35A1/A2) - 2,500 to 5,700 m Charge 2 (L35A1/A2) - 2,700 to 7,200 m Charge 3 (L35A1/A2) - 5,900 to 9,500 m Charge 4 (L35A1/A2) - 7,900 to 12,200 m Charge 5 (L35A1/A2) - 15,300 m Super Charge (L36A2/A3) - 17,200 m. Minimum ranges with Charge 1 and 2 require L1A1 spoiler rings to be fitted to the nose of the shell. Also available is the Cartridge 105 mm FD Training L45A1. See separate entry for details. Authorised fuzes L32 and L106 PD and Graze or L27 VT. When the L27 fuze is used the exploder and paper discs must be removed Equivalent rounds INDIA INDIA Manufacturer Indian Ordnance Factory Dehu Road, Pune Type: Shell 105 mm lFG BE Smoke Marker Description: Fitted with MT No 213 fuze. Contains four smoke canisters. Available for blue, orange and red smoke. Maximum range given as 11,000 m Manufacturer Indian Ordnance Factory, Khamaria Jabalpur Type: Shell 105 mm lFG BE Smoke Marker Description: Fitted with MT No 213 Mk 5 fuze. Contains four smoke canisters. Available for blue, orange and red smoke. Maximum range given as 11,000 mRead More
NORINCO 125 mm APFSDS-T ammunition
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
India
NORINCO 125 mm APFSDS-T ammunition
Armament 2A45 and 2A45M tank guns fitted to T-64 and early T-72 MBTs; 2A46 (D-81) and 2A46M (D-81M) tank guns fitted to T-64A and T-72 MBTs; 2A46M1 tank gun fitted to T-80 and T-90E MBTs; 2A75 gun on 2S25 self-propelled anti-tank gun; 2A45M Sprut-B towed anti-tank gun. Development 125 mm APFSDS-T ammunition was developed by NORINCO as a commercial venture to equip existing 125 mm tank gun users, and to provide projectiles for use in the Chinese 125 mm tank gun, details of which have yet to be announced. The NORINCO rounds, the 125-I and 125-II, use a propellant system based on the Russian Federation and Associated States (CIS) original but the projectile assemblies are completely different, based on Western tungsten rod technology allied to an up-to-date sabot assembly. This round was first shown during 1993. Attempts to produce a close copy of the 125-I round have been made in Pakistan . According to reports these attempts led to technical difficulties regarding the tungsten alloy used for the NORINCO penetrator, resulting in rounds breaking up while still in the barrel after firing. A change to the same tungsten alloy already used by Alsons to manufacture and machine 105 mm APFSDS-T L64 penetrators was considered for 125 mm manufacture but the problem has been reported as rectified. The Indian Ordnance Factory Board has developed an almost identical 120 mm APFSDS-T round to that produced by China and Pakistan . This round was probably inspired by examination of rounds captured from Pakistan during one of their clashes and is known as the T-2A. It has been in service with the Indian Army since 1997. Description NORINCO 125 mm APFSDS-T rounds are separate loading munitions. They are loaded into the breech surrounded, behind the sabot assembly, by an integral combustible propellant charge in a combustible case and followed by a semi-combustible propellant case. On both the 125-I and 125-II, a light alloy sabot assembly consists of a three-segment sabot and the monobloc tungsten alloy penetrator rod forming the projectile. The penetrator rod and the sabot are interfaced by a series of mating buttresses and the sabot is encircled by a plastic slipping obturator ring. The 125-I penetrator rod has a diameter of 28 mm, is 554 mm long (length-to-diameter ratio approximately 19.8:1) and weighs 4.03 kg. The penetrator rod has a light alloy windshield over the nose and a light alloy six-finned fin assembly at the rear. It is assumed that the fin assembly contains a tracer element. The 125-II projectile assembly weighs 7.44 kg, with the penetrator rod being 26 mm in diameter. The two-component propellant system is carried over from the design of the RFAS 125 mm APFSDS-T. Both components are encased in what is described as a flammable nitrocellulose paper tube impregnated with TNT which is totally consumed on firing. A steel stub case, weighing 3.4 kg and containing the electrical primer, remains to be ejected after firing. The case is 140 mm long and has a flange diameter of 171.9 mm. Muzzle velocity of the 125-I is 1,730 m/s. Armour penetration against vertical armour at 2,000 m is 460 mm and direct fire range is more than 2,100 m. It has been stated that the projectile can penetrate 220 mm of homogeneous armour set at an angle of 61.5º at a range of 2,000 m, with `good after effects'. At a range of 1,000 m dispersion is of the order of 300 × 300 mm. Muzzle velocity for the 125-II is 1,740 m/s. Armour penetration at 2,000 m is 600 mm. Authorised fuzes None involved Equivalent rounds INDIA INDIA Manufacturer Indian Ordnance Factory Board Type: 125 mm APFSDS-T T-2A Description: Virtually identical to NORINCO original. See under Development. PAKISTAN Manufacturer Machinecrafts (Private) Limited, Lahore Type: 125 mm APFSDS Description: Production believed to be limited to the manufacture and assembly of the 125-I APFSDS assembly only, rather than the complete round. See also under Development.Read More
Cartridge, 105 mm, APDS-T L52
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
South Africa
Cartridge, 105 mm, APDS-T L52
Armament All 105 mm L7, Rh 105, M68 and CN105F1 series tank guns and South African GT7 tank gun. Development The 105 mm L52 APDS-T was developed by Royal Ordnance (now BAE Systems , RO Defence) from the earlier L28 and the L36A1, the latter of which was also produced in the USA as the M392 (see separate entry). The latest version is the L52A3 which replaced the earlier versions. It was originally developed to be the main anti-armour round for use in 105 mm L7/M68 tank guns but its operational utility has been supplemented by the introduction of APFSDS rounds. However, it remains a viable and effective round. With many existing users the type is now used mainly for training purposes. Description The 105 mm L52 APDS-T round is fixed, with the projectile assembly rigidly fixed to the brass cartridge case. The projectile assembly consists of a subprojectile and a sabot. The subprojectile consists of a pointed tungsten alloy penetrator with a steel nose pad and a tracer element in the base. This is all mounted in a light alloy sabot which separates from the subprojectile once the projectile assembly has left the gun muzzle. The 70:30 brass cartridge case contains a nominal 5.6 kg of loose packed NQ/M12 multiperforated propellant, although NQ/M 047 was originally used. An L1 series electrical primer with an elongated flash tube is fitted into the base. Before loading, the primer is normally protected by a metal clip over the base of the cartridge case. The L52A3 is fired at a muzzle velocity of 1,426 m/s. Armour penetration has been reported as 280 mm at 1,000 m and 254 mm at 1,500 m. Accuracy has been stated as 0.3 mil vertically and horizontally. The training round for the 105 mm APDS L52 is the lower cost DS Prac L63 which can also be used as the training equivalent for the 105 mm APFSDS L64 and H6/62, out to a range of 2,000 m. The DS Prac L63 uses a steel subprojectile which matches the APDS L52 ballistically out to a range of 1,100 m while extending the barrel life. Round weight of the L63 is 14.91 kg of which 3.91 kg is the projectile. The cartridge case contains 3.97 kg of NQ/M07 propellant. Also likely to be encountered is the Canadian SNC TEC 105 mm TK TPDS/T C-74. This round weighs 16.3 kg of which 4 kg is the projectile assembly; the subprojectile weighs 2.11 kg. The propellant charge contained within the C4 cartridge case is 5.1 kg of M6/NHP. Muzzle velocity is 1,590 m/s and the sub-projectile, with a C6 tracer element, provides a ballistic match with APFSDS up to 2,500 m. Pakistan Ordnance Factories produce a low-cost 105 mm DS/T with a subprojectile matching APFSDS up to a range of 1,600 m. The safety zone does not exceed 15,000 m. Authorised fuzes None involved Equivalent rounds INDIA INDIA Manufacturer Indian Ordnance Factory Khamaria, Jabalpur Type: Cartridge 105 mm TK APDS-T Description: Understood to be based on British L28 or perhaps L52 . Complete round weight 18.724 kg, projectile assembly 5.9 kg, and overall length 838.2 mm; projectile has tungsten carbide core. Muzzle velocity 1,468.5 m/s. Stated to be able to defeat 120 mm of armour set at 0 to 60º at 915 m. A 105 mm DS/T Prac is also produced. A modified version of the projectile assembly is fitted to 100 mm APDS-T ammunition for Eastern Bloc D-10 series guns SOUTH AFRICA Manufacturer Denel (Pty) Ltd ( Naschem ) Type: APDS-T Description: Understood to be based on a British design with (possibly) the L28 used as the original. Round weight is 19 kg of which 4.966 kg is the projectile. Length of the complete round is 838.2 mm. Muzzle velocity is 800 m/s. Used with 105 mm GT7 gun fitted to Olifant MBTsRead More
Cartridge, 105 mm, HESH-T L35
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
India
Cartridge, 105 mm, HESH-T L35
Armament All 105 mm L7, Rh 105, M68 and CN105F1 series tank guns and South African GT7 tank gun. Development Although originally designed by Royal Ordnance (now BAE Systems , RO Defence) as an anti-armour and hard target round for 105 mm L7/M68 tank guns, the 105 mm HESH-T L35 became a general purpose round. The reason for this is the projectile's high-explosive capabilities are only marginally less effective against troops in the open or under light cover than a conventional HE round, yet it remains highly effective against hard targets. At one time Royal Ordnance developed a 105 mm HEAT anti-armour round but it was not produced in quantity. Description The 105 mm L35 HESH-T round is fixed with the projectile crimped to the brass cartridge case. A copper drive band is fitted just forward of the 360º crimping ring. The projectile is a blunt-nosed thin-walled forged steel shell filled with 5.1 kg of Composition A-3 (RDX/Wax 91/9) and a bitumen nose pad. A tracer element is fitted in a spike housing projecting from the base and burns for a minimum of 9 seconds. When the projectile strikes a target the explosive filling is spread over the target surface before the L56A1 base detonating fuze functions. The resultant detonation creates shock waves through the target surface material which either forces metal scabs from the inner surface at high velocities or else blows a large hole through the surface. The HESH-T L35 can defeat a NATO heavy single target at all ranges. The drawn 70:30 brass cartridge case contains a nominal 2.81 kg of NH033 single base propellant. An L1 series electrical primer with an elongated flash tube is fitted into the base. Before loading, the primer is normally protected by a metal clip over the base of the cartridge case. The 105 mm HESH-T L35 is fired at a muzzle velocity of 732 m/s. The maximum effective combat range is estimated to be between 1,000 and 1,500 m although the maximum possible range is 8,000 m. The training equivalent of the 105 mm HESH-T L35 is the SH Prac L38 which may be either completely inert or else contain inert material plus a base fuze and a flash pellet for spotting purposes. The weights and dimensions of the L38 are the same as those for the HESH-T L35. Also available is the 105 mm SH Prac L56 which does not contain any flash spotting material. Also available is the Cartridge 105 mm TK SH/P-T C72, produced by SNC TEC of Canada. This round is a ballistic match for the 105 mm HESH L35 up to 4,000 m, with a 0.3 mil dispersion horizontally and vertically. The C72 round uses a C6 pattern cartridge case containing M1 Type 1 propellant initiated by a C15A2 electrical primer. The projectile, which is 412 mm long, contains a C5 tracer and a spotting charge which, following the functioning of a base detonating fuze, produces a bright flash and dark smoke. Muzzle velocity is given as 740 m/s and round length as 936 mm. The Cartridge 105 mm TK SH/P-T C109A1 is similar to the C72 but the warhead is completely inert. Authorised fuzes BD L56A1 Equivalent rounds INDIA INDIA Manufacturer Indian Ordnance Factories Type: 105 mm HESH Description: L35 origins not confirmed but this round appears to be similar. Round weight 20.725 kg and muzzle velocity 734.6 m/s. Can penetrate 120 mm of armour at 915 m. Maximum range 8,000 m PAKISTAN Manufacturer Pakistan Ordnance Factories Type: HESH L35A3 Description: Standard specificationsRead More
0.380 British
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
India
0.380 British
Synonyms 0.38/200; 9.6 × 31R Armament British service Webley Mk IV and Enfield revolvers; Indian Ordnance Factories revolvers; suitably chambered revolvers of other makes (most revolvers chambered for the 0.38 Smith & Wesson Long or 0.38 Long Colt will fire this round). Development Introduced in 1930 when the British Army adopted 0.38 as its standard revolver calibre in place of 0.455. A 12.96 g lead round-nosed bullet was adopted, but in view of the dubious legality of expanding bullets in the eyes of The Hague Convention, it was replaced by a jacketed bullet in 1938. Although the 0.38 revolver is no longer in British service it is still widely used in various parts of the British Commonwealth as a police and second-line military revolver. Description A rimmed, brass, straight-taper case, Berdan primed. As noted, the early standard military bullet was a round-nosed lead type, but this was replaced by a metal-jacketed bullet with an ogival pattern; the envelope may be gilding metal or nickel with a lead or lead-antimony core. INDIA Manufacturer Ammunition Factory, Khadki, Pune Type: Ball: FMJ; 11.5 g; MV 185 m/sRead More
8 × 56R mm Hungarian Mannlicher
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Hungary
8 × 56R mm Hungarian Mannlicher
Synonyms 8 × 56R; 8 mm M1931; 8 mm Hungarian M31 ; 8 mm Solothurn Armament Hungarian M35M bolt-action rifles; Solothurn MG 30 S (S 2-200) machine gun; possibly some Maxim machine guns. Development This was developed in Austria in the late 1920s for the Solothurn machine gun and was subsequently adopted by Hungary as a replacement for the 8 × 50R Mannlicher rifle and machine gun cartridge. Although the 7.92 mm Mauser round was adopted during 1939-45, and the 7.62 × 39 mm M43 subsequently became the service round, some stocks of 8 mm weapons remained in reserve. They were subsequently disposed of and have occasionally turned up in dissident hands in Africa. Description Rimmed, bottlenecked, Berdan primed, brass case. The bullet is streamlined, with a lead core in a steel jacket. HUNGARY Manufacturer State arsenals Type: Ball M31 : FMJ, SL; 13.48 g; MV 730 m/s Tracer M31 : FMJ; lead core; rear tracer, red trace; 11.47 g; MV 730 m/s AP M31 : FMJ; steel core; 12.31 g; MV 750 m/sRead More
82 mm dual-purpose mortar bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Hungary
82 mm dual-purpose mortar bomb
Armament Developed for use with the 82 mm 2B9M automatic mortar (licence-produced in Hungary ) in both the direct and indirect fire modes, this bomb can also be fired from conventional 82 mm mortars. Development History not known, presumably by Hungarian ordnance department Description This dual-purpose bomb contains a copper lined two-part shaped charge, capable of penetrating 100 mm of armour. As the bomb detonates the cast-steel body breaks up to create anti-personnel fragments. Using a basic primary cartridge this bomb is fired from the 2B9M mortar, using a fixed 4D2 propellant charge weighing 75 g around the tail assembly. When fired from conventional mortars up to three ballistite propellant discs can be located around the tail. In both cases the maximum range is 4,300 m. Manufacturer Mechanikai Müvek.Read More
Alenia Difesa 76 mm Flash Non-Frag (FNF-OM)
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
South Africa
Alenia Difesa 76 mm Flash Non-Frag (FNF-OM)
Armament Otobreda 76/62 MMI; Otobreda 76/62 Compact; Otobreda 76/62 Super Rapid; Otobreda 76/62 Above Deck; 76 mm self-propelled AMRAD OTOMATIC air defence tank. Development The 76 mm Flash Non-Frag (or Non-Fragmentation) FNF-OM rounds were developed by the Otobreda Division of Alenia Difesa (formerly OTO Melara) for training use when fired against target drones, towed drogues or other training targets. They can also be utilised for functional firing tests of fuzes. There are three types of 76 mm FNF-OM round. The FNF-MOM corresponds to the MOM round and can accept the FB 371 fuze. The FNF-OM-1 can accept all fuzes valid for the HE-OM-1 and HE-PFOM-1 while the FNF-OM-2 can accept all fuzes valid for the HE-OM-2 and PFOM-2. All 76 mm FNF-OM rounds are mechanically interchangeable with all other types of 76/62 ammunition. Description Each 76 mm FNF-OM is a fixed round with the projectile rigidly secured to the brass cartridge case by a crimping ring which engages in a groove on the wide copper/gilding metal drive band. The boat-tailed projectile body is a monobloc assembly made from a special high-quality steel. Each 76 mm FNF-OM projectile is filled with an inert compound and contains a flash charge weighing 94 g, consisting of a mixture of a flash composition and black powder, to provide a flash and sound indication when the fuze functions. The brass cartridge case (72 per cent copper, 28 per cent zinc) has a base-mounted P85 percussion primer and is filled with 2.3 kg of M6 + 2 single-base multiperforated (19-hole) propellant. A mixture of wax and titanium in a fabric liner is glued inside the cartridge case to act as an anti-wear additive. The primer is normally protected by a clip which is removed before loading. Authorised fuzes Prox FB 371, TB 76, VTPA FB 76, UA 3005/05, UA 3018, AEG MAZ, MK 404 IR, Fuchs M8953A1 PD OP 76 Mod 1, M557, L85, M9030 Equivalent rounds GREECE GREECE Manufacturer PYRKAL: Greek Powder & Cartridge Company Type: NON-FRAG FLASH Description: Standard specifications but fitted with TR 54/63 percussion primer. TP and TP-T also produced ITALY Manufacturer Simmel Difesa SpA Type: FNF Description: Complete round weight given as 12.5 kg and propellant weight 2.45 kg. Otherwise standard specifications SOUTH AFRICA Manufacturer Denel (Pty) Ltd ( NASCHEM ) Type: AA Flash Description: Nominal weight of complete plugged round is 12 kg and length 815 mm; projectile 5.35 kg and 260 mm. Muzzle velocity 925 to 935 m/s and range 16,000 m. Other rounds produced in South Africa are Practice, Ramming (inert handling round) and Reference (for muzzle velocity testing) SPAIN Manufacturer EXPAL SA Type: VT-NF Description: Filled with inert material plus smoke canister together weighing 500 g. E (TP), containing 500 g of inert material only, also producedRead More
Simmel difesa
Simmel difesa
81 mm HE bomb M374A2
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Greece
81 mm HE bomb M374A2
Armament M1, M29 , M29A1 and TDA mortars. Development By PYRKAL, based upon the US pattern. Description The steel body is fitted with a plastic obturating ring below the bourrelet. It is threaded at the nose for the fuze and has a threaded spigot at the rear to which the alloy tailboom and fin unit is screwed. The tailboom contains an M285 ignition cartridge, located just below the body and beneath the gas escape holes in the boom. A percussion primer M71A2 is fitted at the end of the tailboom. When struck by the firing pin this ignites the ignition cartridge, the flames from which pass through the gas holes and ignite the secondaries. There are nine secondary increments provided, in elongated fabric bags attached by means of two `increment holders' around the lower body and fins. There are two operational charges: Charge A uses one secondary increment; Charge B uses nine secondary increments. Manufacturer PYRKAL: Greek Powder & Cartridge Company.Read More
107 mm HE/ICM bomb GR M20
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Greece
107 mm HE/ICM bomb GR M20
Armament US pattern M2 and M30 107 mm (4.2 in) rifled mortars. Development By PYRKAL, to improve the performance of 4.2 in mortars in Greek service. Description This is to the same general shape as the standard HE bomb for the 107 mm mortar (see USA entry) and uses the same obturation system. It differs in being a cargo bomb, carrying 20 M20G prefragmented dual-purpose submunitions inside the body. The submunitions have a shaped charge for light armour defeat and fragmentation for antipersonnel effects. Each 39 mm diameter submunition carries 30 g of Composition A5. These are arranged around a central rod which terminates in a plate above the obturation assembly. An expelling charge below the fuze forces down this rod, so shearing off the end of the bomb and then ejects the submunitions. Centrifugal force arms the individual fuzes in the submunitions and disperses them radially from the bomb's trajectory. Delay parachutes slow the descent and stabilise the submunitions so that they fall into the target area. Dispersion radius is approximately 70 to 140 m. On striking an armoured vehicle the shaped charge, within each submunition, will penetrate at least 60 mm of armour; as an anti-personnel munition they will each produce a minimum of 200 fragments with a lethal radius of 15 m against standing troops. Manufacturer PYRKAL: Greek Powder & Cartridge Company.Read More
4.73 x 33 mm
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Germany
4.73 x 33 mm
Synonyms 4.73 mm DE Caseless Armament Heckler and Koch G11 rifle. Development Development of this cartridge was carried out by Dynamit Nobel and Heckler and Koch from about 1970 onwards, specifically for the G11 rifle. Original versions used nitrocellulose propellant, but this gave rise to cook-off problems because of the absence of a brass case to shield the heat from the chamber walls. The propellant was then changed to a new High Temperature Propellant (HiTP), based on a denatured hexogen explosive compound. The new propellant raised the cook-off temperature by 100ºC, rendering the weapon immune to cook-off problems in normal use. Development of the G11 has ceased and ammunition is no longer in production. The cartridge is maintained herein only for technical reference purposes. Description The conventional bullet is set into a block of propellant and held rigidly. The block is square in section and longer than the bullet, but the overall length is about half that of an equivalent conventionally cased cartridge. The primer is a small pellet of initiating mixture loaded into a cavity in the base of the propellant block. Ahead of the primer is a small booster charge of initiatory explosive. This, when ignited by the cap, blows the bullet out of the block and seats it in the rifling before ignition of the propellant takes place. Whilst this seating movement is taking place the block of propellant is shattered and ignited. The object in seating the bullet, by means of this booster charge, is to ensure that the bullet is firmly lodged in the rifling before the propellant explosion takes place, so avoiding any leak of gas around an unseated bullet. It also ensures that the chamber pressure and gas volume are constant from round to round. The bullet is streamlined, of conventional form and consists of a lead core, steel jacket and gilding metal envelope. It shows no fragmentation on impact and will pierce 6 mm of mild steel plate at 300 m range and a standard steel helmet at 600 m range. GERMANY Manufacturer Dynamit Nobel Type: Ball: FMJ; 3.2 g; MV 930 m/sRead More
Shell, 155 mm, Smoke, DM 105
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Italy
Shell, 155 mm, Smoke, DM 105
Armament This projectile can be fired from the following self-propelled 155 mm howitzers: TAMSE VCA 155; PzH 2000 ; Rheinmetall M109A3G and M44T ; Soltam Slammer; Otobreda Palmaria and M109L ; K9 Thunder ( South Korea ); AS90 and Braveheart ; M284 Cannon for M109A5 and M109A6 Paladin self-propelled howitzers; XM2001/XM2002 Crusader AFAS. This projectile can be fired from the following towed 155 mm howitzers: FH-70 and FH-70 R; GH N-45 ; CITEFA CALA 30/2; Patria Vammas 155 GH 52 Howitzer; Soltam M-46; Otobreda 155 mm 155/39 TM; RDM 155 mm M139 and M114/39 ; SANTA BARBARA 155 mm SB 155/39 and 155/52 APU SBT-1 Howitzers, M114 155/45 and M114/39 ; Bofors FH-77B ; M199 Cannon for M198 Towed Howitzer; XM777 Lightweight Towed Howitzer. Development The 155 mm Smoke DM 105 projectile is one of the three projectiles developed as a result of the tripartite agreement entered into by Germany, Italy and the UK to develop the 155 mm FH-70 towed howitzer and its associated ammunition. The 155 mm Smoke DM 105 projectile was developed by Rheinmetall W & M GmbH (now Rheinmetall DeTec) and is manufactured by Buck Werke GmbH & Co of Bad Reichenhall. Rheinmetall DeTec has an Infra-red Smoke projectile under development. This projectile is ballistically matched to the DM 642 (RB 63) Cargo projectile and produces dense smoke for 4 minutes. A version which produces combined infra-red and millimetre-wave screening characteristics will also be available. The British Army have issued an Endorsed Staff Target (ST(L)4082) for an improved 155 mm Multi-Spectral Screening Smoke Shell to provide obscuration in the visual and near/far infra-red wavebands. A feasibility study commenced during 1995. Royal Ordnance (now BAE Systems , RO Defence) are developing a 155 mm Multi-Spectral Smoke Shell (MSSS) as a replacement for the existing 155 mm Smoke DM 105. It will supply a smoke screen to operate in the near and far infra-red wavebands, will be compatible with the Joint Ballistics MoU, and will ballistically match M483A1/DM 642 projectiles. Description The 155 mm Smoke DM 105 projectile is a separate loading, base ejection carrier shell with a high-grade forged steel body. Normally fitted with a mechanical time fuze, the 155 mm Smoke DM 105 contains (from the nose) a booster, an ejection mechanism and four smoke units stacked inside the projectile body. The base is recessed and held in place by six slotted pins. Located just above the base is a single drive band pressed into a preprepared ribbed groove. The nose and body sections are internally fitted with a steel support tube and an inner sleeve, this presents a smooth surface for the ejection of the smoke units. As the nose-mounted time fuze functions the flash from the fuze initiates the ignition train which is transmitted to the booster, a pelleted 6.5 g charge of black powder. The booster initiates the ejection mechanism which commences with the ignition of 15 g of black powder in a silk gauze bag inside a cylindrical metal case. The resultant internal pressure forces a plunger plate downwards to create pressure on the shell base. The slotted pins shear so that the base falls away enabling the four smoke units to be ejected. The flash from the ejection mechanism's black powder charge also travels down a centrally located flash tube to each of the four smoke units, igniting one or more of the three ignition cartridges in each unit so that the smoke mixture has been ignited approximately 4.5 seconds after ejection; that is, by the time each unit reaches the ground. Each unit contains hexachloroethane/zinc (HC) white smoke mixture in a cylindrical metal case. Each unit burns for 3 to 3.5 minutes (dependent on conditions) to create the smoke cloud which can be up to 200 m long, 50 m wide, and 10 to 15 m high at a distance of 150 m from the burst (under normal atmospheric conditions). The charge system used with the tripartite family of 155 mm ammunition is known colloquially as the `three cartridge' system. As its name implies the system is made up of three cartridges, the first two with a base charge and a number of increments. Cartridge 3 (Charge 8) is a unitary charge. Cartridge 1, the Charge Propelling, 155 mm, Howitzer, Charge 2, L2A1 consists of the Charge 1 and Charge Propellant Increment 2 combined to form Charge 2. The two weigh 1.21 kg and use SC/202 propellant. They are stitched together and should not be separated. Charge 1 L1A1 consists of a salmon pink cloth bag, containing 783 g of propellant SC/Z008 with an Igniter L19A1 containing 67 g of NC/200 and 18 g of G20 gunpowder stitched to its base. The forward part of the bag is recessed to contain the Charge Propellant Increment 2, a white cloth bag containing 311 g of propellant SC/Z008. Cartridge 2, the Charge Propelling, 155 mm, Howitzer Charge 7, L8A1 is made up from Charge 3 L4A1 and Charge Propellant Increments 4 to 7. Total weight is 7.55 kg. The Charge Propelling 155 mm, Howitzer, Charge 3, L4A1 consists of a smoke grey cloth bag containing 1.39 kg of NO25 propellant divided into two equal bundles. The charge bag is stitched into a combustible sleeve which in turn is secured in a smoke grey main charge bag. The sleeve and main charge bag are large enough to receive the propellant increments 4 to 7 which, when assembled with Charge 3, form the Charge 7 L8A1. The Igniter L20A1 containing 80 g of propellant NC/200 and 18 g of G20 gunpowder is fitted on the base of the main charge bag, and the mouth is fitted with a Velcro loop and hook. The Charge Propellant Increment 4 consists of an orange cloth bag containing 529 g of NO25 propellant. The Charge Propellant Increment 5 consists of a grass green cloth bag containing 1.56 kg of N/S 134-040 propellant together with a flash inhibitor pack. This pack contains 125 g of potassium sulphate powder and is positioned in the centre of the propellant. Wrapped and secured around the front end of the propellant is 17 g of lead foil. The Charge Propellant Increment 6 consists of a dark violet cloth bag containing 2.42 kg of N/S 134-040 propellant divided into two equal bundles, each of which has lead foil strip wrapped and secured around its front end. The Charge Propellant Increment 7 consists of a beige cloth bag containing 1.49 kg of N/S 134-040 propellant divided into three equal bundles, each of which has lead foil wrapped and secured around its front end. Cartridge 3 is the Charge, Propelling, 155 mm, Howitzer, Charge 8, L10A1 . This consists of a brown combustible main case and a pink combustible end cap. The end cap contains an Igniter, Propelling, Charge L23A1 mounted on a perforated disc. The propellant charge bundle consists of 12.48 kg of N/S 54.14 propellant sticks tied in five places using polyester/cotton thread and incorporating lead foil positioned under the top layer of sticks. All charges are ignited by the Primer Percussion DM191A1 which contains a primary charge of 1.25 g of nitrocellulose S536. When fired from the 155 mm FH-70 Towed Howitzer using the three cartridge system the 155 mm Smoke DM 105 can reach the following ranges: Charge 2 - range 3,900 to 5,900 m Charge 3 - range 4,800 to 7,500 m Charge 4 - range 6,200 to 9,500 m Charge 5 - range 8,500 to 12,500 m Charge 6 - range 11,200 to 16,800 m Charge 7 - range 14,200 to 20,900 m Charge 8 - range 17,000 to 24,700 m. When fired from the 155 mm FH-70 Towed Howitzer the 155 mm Smoke DM 105 has a maximum muzzle velocity of 827 m/s. It is anticipated that future 155 mm propellant charge systems will involve Modular Charge Systems (MCS). The German Army has already adopted the Rheinmetall DeTec Modular Propelling Charge System (MPCS) DM 72, as have Norway. and Malaysia . The United Kingdom has adopted the South African SOMCHEM M90 Bi-Modular Charge System. Authorised fuzes MT L92A2, DM 153 Equivalent projectiles GERMANY GERMANY Manufacturer Buck Werke GmbH & Co Type: 155 mm Smoke DM 105 Description: Standard specifications ITALY Manufacturer Simmel Difesa SpA Type: 155 mm Smoke DM 105A1 Description: Standard specifications Manufacturer Simmel Difesa SpA Type: 155 mm Smoke P5 Description: Similar to 155 mm Smoke DM 105. Can be configured to produce coloured smoke (green, red, yellow, violet or black)Read More
Simmel difesa
Simmel difesa
60 mm smoke bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
United States
60 mm smoke bomb
Armament US M224 and other 60 mm mortars. Development By Buck GmbH for general use. Description A cylindrical cast-steel bomb body with an extruded alloy tail unit and six fins screwed into the rear. The smoke composition is based upon Red Phosphorus (RP) and delivers considerably more smoke than the usual smoke bombs of this calibre. Manufacturer Buck Werke GmbH & Co.Read More
60 mm incendiary/smoke bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
United States
60 mm incendiary/smoke bomb
Armament US M224 and other 60 mm mortars. Development By Buck GmbH for general use. Description This uses the same bomb body and tail unit as the smoke bomb described previously, but is filled with a submunition which is ejected from the bomb on impact and acts as both a fire raiser and a source of smoke. Manufacturer Buck Werke GmbH & Co.Read More
60 mm illuminating bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
United States
60 mm illuminating bomb
Armament US M224 and other 60 mm mortars. Development By Buck GmbH for general use. Description This uses the same cylindrical bomb body as the smoke bombs described previously but contains the usual type of parachute and flare illuminating unit. A time fuze is fitted which causes the parachute and flare to be ejected from the nose of the bomb at the desired point. Manufacturer Buck Werke GmbH & Co.Read More
81 mm smoke bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Germany
81 mm smoke bomb
Armament Any 81 mm mortar, though more particularly for high-pressure types such as the UK L16A1 . Development By Buck GmbH for general use. Description The steel bomb body is cylindrical; the nose is closed by an adaptor which carries a burster container and into which the fuze is screwed. The rear end of the body has a plastic obturating ring in a groove and is closed by a coned section to which the light-alloy tailboom and fin unit is screwed. The burster contains a small explosive charge and the remainder of the cavity is filled with a Red Phosphorus (RP) smoke mixture. The tail tube contains a primary cartridge, secondary charges in horseshoe form and can be fitted around the tailboom. Manufacturer Buck Werke GmbH & Co.Read More
81 mm incendiary/smoke bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Germany
81 mm incendiary/smoke bomb
Armament All 81 mm mortars, though best suited to high-pressure types such as the UK L16A1 . Development By Buck GmbH for general use. Description This uses the same bomb body, tail unit and charge system as the smoke bomb described previously, but is loaded with a subprojectile containing a Red Phosphorus (RP) incendiary/smoke composition. This subprojectile is ejected on impact to act as a fire raiser and smoke generator. Manufacturer Buck Werke GmbH & Co.Read More
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