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Defense Products Catalog — Page 135

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122 mm FRAG-HE OF-471N
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Romania
122 mm FRAG-HE OF-471N
Armament 122 mm Corps Gun M1931/37 (A-19); 122 mm BS-3 Field Gun; 122 mm KS-19 anti-aircraft gun; 122 mm Field Gun 390/1 and 390/2 (Spain); 122 mm M77 anti-tank gun ( Romania ). Development As its designation implies, the 122 mm Corps Gun M1931/37 (A-19) dates back to 1931, the year it entered service with the Soviet armed forces; the ordnance was placed on a different carriage in 1937 to convert it to the M1931/37. This heavy weapon has now passed from service with nearly all the former Warsaw Pact nations (other than Romania ) but it remains in service with other nations throughout the world. 122 mm self-propelled equipments carrying variants of the A-19 gun (such as the SU-122) are no longer in service anywhere. The 122 mm Field Gun 390/1 and 390/2 were originally Soviet weapons captured by the Germans during the Second World War. Numbers were passed to Spain for political purposes before 1945 and they remain in service with their carriages and ammunition updated. (The designations refer to the original German identification numbers; 12.2 cm Kanone 390/1(r) in the case of the M1931 and 12.2 cm Kanone 390/2(r) for the M1931/37). Ammunition for these guns continues to be produced in Spain, with a new long-range projectile, the 122 mm HE M86 with a Base Bleed (BB) unit, developed as late as 1986. The OF-471N is the latest of a line of 122 mm FRAG-HE projectiles used with the A-19 gun and is now virtually the only round used with this gun (although the Yugoslavs have developed a HESH-T - see separate entry). It was possible to fire the 122 mm FRAG-HE OF-462 from the A-19 gun but this capability was apparently only rarely used. Other rounds used by the 122 mm A-19 have included the 122 mm AP-T BR-471 and BR-471B, Smoke and Illuminating, but these are now rarely encountered, other than in old stockpiles. Description The 122 mm FRAG-HE OF-471N is a separate loading munition, with the projectile loaded before the cartridge case so that the bagged charge system can be varied to suit any particular fire mission. The projectile is forged steel, with a bourrelet and a band located just before the copper drive band. There is a distinct boat tail. The explosive filling is 3.36 kg of TNT but a thin-walled version with the same designation uses 4.48 kg of TNT/Amatol. Ignition of the explosive is via a point detonating fuze of the RGM-2, RGM-6 or V-429 type; it is also possible to employ the D-1 mechanical time fuze. The cartridge case used with the OF-471N is extruded 70:30 brass. The case is 785 mm long and weighs 8.45 kg. The original propellant system employed four bag charges but this was later revised to a seven-charge system (six bag charges plus a tube-shaped increment) involving DG 3 17/1 or NDT 3 17/1 charges. The seven-charge system produces muzzle velocities from 570 to 800 m/s, with the maximum range being 20,200 m. Authorised fuzes PD RGM-2. RGM-6, V-429 MTSQ D-1 Equivalent rounds ROMANIA ROMANIA Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA Type: HE OF-471N Description: Standard specifications. Maximum range given as 20,000 m SPAIN Manufacturer EXPAL SA Type: 122 mm × 46 HE Description: Contains either 3.5 kg of TNT or 3.7 kg of Composition B, together with a TNT or Composition B supplementary charge in an aluminium container which can be removed from the fuze cavity when deep intrusion fuzes are used. Weight is 33.4 kg. Muzzle velocity is 830 m/s and maximum range 19,900 m Manufacturer EXPAL SA Type: 122 mm HE M86 Description: This is a streamlined projectile fitted with a base bleed unit providing a maximum range of 25,000 m. The projectile is 660 mm long and weighs 23.5 kg. This projectile may be fired from other 122 mm pieces having a muzzle velocity of approximately 800 m/s YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: HE M59 Description: Standard specifications. May no longer be in productionRead More
IMI 152 mm DP-ICM M351 (CL 3162)
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Romania
IMI 152 mm DP-ICM M351 (CL 3162)
Armament 152 mm Gun-Howitzer D-20 ; 152 mm Gun-Howitzer 2A65 ( M1987 or MSTA-B); 152 mm 2A61 Howitzer; 152 mm Howitzer M1943 (D-1); NORINCO 152 mm Gun-Howitzer Type 66 ; NORINCO 152 mm Gun-Howitzer Type 37; 152 mm Model 1981 Gun-Howitzer ( Romania ); 152 mm Model 85 Gun-Howitzer ( Romania ); 152 mm Howitzer M84 series (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ). Self-propelled equipments include: 152 mm Self-propelled Howitzer M-1973 ( 2S3 ); 152 mm 2S19 Self-propelled Gun-Howitzer; NORINCO Type 83 Self-propelled Gun-Howitzer; 152 mm Self-propelled Howitzer DANA and ONDAVA. Development Although the 152 mm DP-ICM M350 (design designation CL 3150) and 152 mm ER DP-ICM M351 (CL 3162) are featured on Israel Military Industries ( IMI ) (formerly TAAS - Israel Industries before the reassumption of the original name) sales literature as Israeli developments, they also appear on Romanian marketing material as purely Romanian developments. It has emerged that these projectiles are a joint development and marketing venture, carried out in conjunction with equivalent 155 mm developments, the IMI DP-ICM M395 and ER DP-ICM M396 (see separate entry for details). All these models are part of the IMI range of artillery projectiles carrying IMI M85 dual-purpose grenades. The Romanian ROMARM equivalents to the Israeli projectiles are the CG-540 (M351) and CG-540 ER (M350). They carry bomblets that appear to be identical to the Israeli M85 but are known as the GAA-001. The manufacturer of the bomblets is Aeroteh SA . Description As with other 152 mm rounds the IMI 152 mm DP-ICM M351 (also known as the CL 3162) and 152 mm ER DP-ICM M350 (CL 3150) are separate loading munitions. The projectile steel bodies have relatively thin walls and a single wide copper drive band. The contents of the M351 projectile are 56 M85 dual-purpose bomblets arranged in eight layers, with seven bomblets in each layer. On the 152 mm ER DP-ICM M350 the number of bomblets is reduced to 49 due to the inclusion of a Base Bleed (BB) unit; the projectile weight is also reduced from 44.6 kg to 42.9 kg. The bomblets are scattered over a target area via the projectile base under the control of a nose-mounted ZETA M138 electronic time fuze which initiates an expulsion charge. When the fuze is not fitted it is replaced by a lifting plug for transport and storage. Each prefragmented M85 dual-purpose bomblet (CL 3022-S2-SD, based on the IMI Bantam bomblet series) weighs 290 g and contains a 44 g RDX shaped charge. Bomblet stabilisation and rotation during their descent phase is controlled by winglets while the projectile spin is used to arm the sensitive impact fuzes. The bomblet either detonates on impact or after a 15 seconds delay introduced by a pyrotechnic back-up self-destruct mechanism. On detonation, each bomblet can penetrate 105 mm of Rolled Homogeneous Armour (RHA) and scatter anti-personnel fragments over a 9 m lethal radius. Bomblets from a single projectile of either type will fall within a circle having a diameter of 110 m. The 152 mm DP-ICM M351 and ER DP-ICM M350 use the standard two-part variable charge system contained in brass or lacquered steel cartridge cases 547.5 mm long. The two parts are the Reduced Charge and the Full Charge, each in its own cartridge case. The Reduced Charge uses 9/7, 4/1 and 8/1 Tr nitrocellulose powder in a series of 12 bags. Charge 6, the lowest, comprises the base bag charge only, to which a series of equal size bags are added creating higher charges. One charge bag is added to the base charge bag to comprise Charge 5, two are added for Charge 4, three for Charge 3 and five for Charge 2. These are all held in place by a fibre cup. The total weight of the Reduced Charge propellant is 4.2 kg. The Full Charge uses, NDT-3 16/1 or NGH powder in bags, together with 150 g of 8/1 UG flash reducing agent plus S-1 decoppering agent. Charge 1 has two base bag charges, one located above the other. To create the Full Charge, two further equal size bag charges are added; as mentioned previously, a fibre cup holds the charge bags in place. The total weight of the Full Charge propellant is 8.8 kg. With this charge system the 152 mm DP-ICM M351 has a maximum muzzle velocity of 648 m/s and a maximum range of 17,300 m. The 152 mm ER DP-ICM M350 figures are 670 m/s and 20,300 m respectively. Authorised fuzes ET ZETA M138 Equivalent rounds ROMANIA ET ZETA ROMANIA Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA Type: HEAT CG-540 and CG-540 ER Description: Standard specifications - see text for details of GAA-001 bomblet carriedRead More
60 mm illumination bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Romania
60 mm illumination bomb
Armament Romanian 60 mm Standard and Commando mortars. Development By ROMARM, Bucharest, Romania . Description Other than colour coding, this illumination bomb is identical in appearance to the 60 mm HE Bomb described in the previous entry. Function is apparently similar to that of other conventional illuminating bombs. Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA.Read More
SH82
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Romania
SH82
Armament 82 mm mortars. Development The SH82 is a development of the Soviet/RFAS M-6 , being similar in both form and function. Description A detailed description of the functioning of this fuze may be found under the M-6 entry. The SH82 is manufactured with an aluminium body and differs only in the details from the original. Manufacturer Romtehnica.Read More
Cartridge, 40 mm, HE, PG-4M
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Romania
Cartridge, 40 mm, HE, PG-4M
Armament Low-velocity grenade launchers of M79 and M203 types. Development By ROMARM for domestic use and export sales. Description The PG4M is a conventional 40 × 46 mm projected grenade with an impact fuze pre-fragmented sleeve which breaks into 220 fragments of equal size. The grenade is equipped with an impact fuze and FRAM-1M self-destruct device. The grenade will detonate either on impact or approximately 18 seconds after launch. Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA.Read More
Cartridge, 40 mm, AGA-40
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Romania
Cartridge, 40 mm, AGA-40
Armament High-velocity grenade launchers. Development By ROMTEHNICA for domestic use and export sales. Description The AGA-40 is a conventional 40 × 53 mm cartridge intended for use in automatic grenade launchers. The projectile body contains a pre-fragmented steel sleeve and impact fuze. Manufacturer ROMTEHNICA.Read More
Cartridge, 40 mm, AG 40
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Romania
Cartridge, 40 mm, AG 40
Armament Low-velocity grenade launcher of the M79 and M203 types. Development By ROMARM for domestic and export sales. Description This is a conventional fixed grenade. The projectile body contains a pre-fragmented steel sleeve and an impact fuze. The fuze is covered by the lightweight steel ogive. Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA.Read More
Ratmil 12 gauge rubber buckshot round
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Romania
Ratmil 12 gauge rubber buckshot round
Synonyms none Armament Suitably chambered 12 gauge shotguns. Development By Ratmil to provide a less than lethal 12 gauge shotgun shell for military and law enforcement use. Description The Ratmil less than lethal buckshot round is a conventional 12 gauge round loaded with 15 hard rubber pellets. It is intended for crowd control, peacekeeping operations and similar situations where lethal force is not called for. According to manufacturer's information, all 15 pellets will fall within a 20 m circle at 25 m range. The Ratmil less than lethal round can cause severe injury if fired at individuals at ranges closer than 5 m. ROMANIA Manufacturer RATMIL Calera Victoriei (Pasajul Victoriei) Nr. 48 - 50, Sector 1 Cod R-70102 Bucharest Romania Tel: (+40 1) 613 43 66 Fax: (+40 1) 312 24 57Read More
82 mm HE bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Romania
82 mm HE bomb
Armament Romanian and other 82 mm mortars. Development By Romtehnica, to provide ammunition for indigenous and other 82 mm mortars. Description There are two versions of the Romtehnica HE 82 mm mortar bomb, one with a cast-iron body and the other with a steel body. The cast-iron bomb is clearly based on the Soviet O-832-series mortar bombs, while the steel bomb is derived from an unknown Western 81 mm design. Fuzing is identical for both bombs.Read More
82 mm illuminating bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Romania
82 mm illuminating bomb
Development By Romtehnica to provide ammunition for indigenous and other 82 mm mortars. Description The Romtehnica 82 mm illuminating bomb is a conventional design of unknown derivation. The TI time fuze has a secondary impact function. The bomb is streamlined rather than the tubular shape generally associated with illuminating and other cargo-carrying mortar bombs.Read More
82 mm steel body HE bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Romania
82 mm steel body HE bomb
Armament 82 mm RFAS and similar mortars Development By Romtehnica to provide a mortar round of increased effectiveness Description The Romtehnica 82 mm steel body bomb is a streamlined mortar bomb using thin-wall steel for the body rather than traditional cast iron, to allow increased payload with concomitant increase in bursting radius. The bomb has an alloy taliboom screwed into the body. There are 10 tail fins attached to the tailboom. Romtehnica also manufactures cast iron bombs, which are apparently derived from the RFAS O-832 series (which see). The 82 mm steel bomb is a design unique to Romania . It should be noted that Romanian colour coding of the HE bombs is grey, rather than the usual OD green. Manufacturer Romtehnica Bucharest, Romania .Read More
Romtehnica
Romtehnica
7.62 × 24 mm subcalibre
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Portugal
7.62 × 24 mm subcalibre
Synonyms none Armament Subcalibre insert barrel for the Portuguese service 84 mm anti-tank rocket launcher (the US 3.5 in M20 ). Development Developed by the Portuguese Army technical staff as an improvement on the 7.92 mm subcalibre round described elsewhere. With the adoption of 7.62 mm as the standard small arms calibre, subcalibre barrels in this size were also adopted, although the 7.92 mm versions are still in use. This version uses the same cartridge case but with a standard production bullet rather than a specially made one. It is notable that this round gives better accuracy and range than the 7.92 mm subcalibre round. Description This round uses a short-necked, rimless cartridge case derived from the 7.63 × 25 mm cartridge. It carries a standard 7.62 mm rifle bullet which reproduces the trajectory of the rocket fired from the parent weapon. PORTUGAL Manufacturer INDEP Type: Ball M387: FMJ; lead core; 9.45 g; MV 260 m/s Tracer M358: FMJ; lead core; red trace to 300 m; 8.95 g; MV 260 m/sRead More
7.92 × 24.5 mm subcalibre
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Portugal
7.92 × 24.5 mm subcalibre
Synonyms 7.92 mm M388; 7.92 mm Portuguese Regaña Armament Subcalibre insert barrel for the Portuguese service 84 mm anti-tank rocket launcher (the US 3.5 in M20 ). Development Developed by the Portuguese Army technical staff in 1973, based upon the 7.62 mm Spanish Regaña cartridge (described previously). It differs from the Spanish round as it is smaller and uses a unique cartridge case, which may have been developed from tooling used for the 7.65 mm Parabellum cartridge. Description This round uses a short-necked, rimless cartridge case, specially developed for the design and not cut down from any existing case. It carries a rifle-type tracer bullet with a very long, tapering ogive. The exposed portion of the bullet is only slightly shorter than the cartridge case. The bullet is designed to reproduce the trajectory of the rocket fired from the parent weapon, delivering a trace to the target for initial training purposes. PORTUGAL Manufacturer INDEP Type: Tracer: As aboveRead More
60 mm HE bomb M49A2
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Portugal
60 mm HE bomb M49A2
Armament 60 mm mortars of all types. Development Developed by INDEP and based upon the US M49A2 round. Description The M49A2 bomb uses a cast-steel body of teardrop shape, with four gas check grooves at the bourrelet and a screwed-in steel tail unit. The nose is threaded for an M525 or similar impact fuze. The primary cartridge is a shotgun type inserted into the centre of the tail unit and four secondary charges, in plastic containers, clip in between the fins. Manufacturer INDEP.Read More
60 mm HE bomb NR431A1
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Portugal
60 mm HE bomb NR431A1
Armament 60 mm mortars of all types. Development Developed by PRB of Belgium in the early 1970s and one of the first mortar bombs to use controlled fragmentation. Now made under licence in Portugal. Description This bomb uses a light cast-steel body shell into which a patented fragmentation sleeve is inserted before filling with high explosive. An eight-fin cast alloy tail unit screws to the rear of the body. A primary cartridge is inserted into the tailboom, and up to four secondary increments can be placed between the fins and retained there by spring clips. Manufacturer INDEP.Read More
81 mm HE bomb M43A1
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Portugal
81 mm HE bomb M43A1
Armament All 81 mm mortars. Development By INDEP, based upon the US M43A1B1 original pattern. Description This is the standard US bomb, a teardrop-shaped forged steel bomb with four gas check grooves at the bourrelet and a welded tail unit. A shotgun type primary cartridge fits in the rear of the tail unit and up to eight secondary incremental charges fit between the fins, secured by spring clips. The secondaries are simply leaves of smokeless powder stitched together and enclosed in transparent plastic envelopes. Manufacturer INDEP.Read More
ZPS 125 mm APFSDS-T
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Poland
ZPS 125 mm APFSDS-T
Armament 2A45 and 2A45M tank guns fitted to T-64 and early T-72 MBTs; 2A46 (D-81) and 2A46M (D-81M) tank guns fitted to T-64A and T-72 MBTs; 2A46M1 tank gun fitted to T-80 and T-90E MBTs; 2A75 gun fitted to 2S25 self-propelled anti-tank gun; 2A45M Sprut-B towed anti-tank gun. Development This 125 mm APFSDS-T round was developed by Zaklady Tworzyw Sztucznych `Pronit' SA (now Zaklady Prodkeji Specjalnej SO zoo (ZPS)) at its plant at Pionki in Poland . The round uses the original D-81 gun series two-part propellant system but the projectile assembly is entirely different and based on Western-type APFSDS technology. Description The ZPS 125 mm APFSDS-T is a separate loading munition. It is loaded into the breech surrounded, behind the sabot assembly, by an integral combustible propellant charge in a combustible case and followed by the main 4Zh63 semi-combustible propellant charge. The light alloy sabot assembly consists of a three-segment sabot, with a high-strength tungsten alloy penetrator rod forming the projectile. The penetrator rod has a diameter of 28 mm and a length-to-diameter ratio of 19.3:1. The rod has an aluminium six-finned fin assembly at the rear containing a tracer element. The two-component propellant system is based on the design of the Russian Federation and Associated States (CIS) 125 mm APFSDS and can be auto-loaded using the loading system of the T-72 tank. Both components are encased in a combustible tube which is totally consumed on firing. The rear charge continues to be the standard 4Zh63. A steel stub case, weighing 3.4 kg and containing the GUV-7 electrical primer, remains to be ejected after firing. The case, made of BW 11 steel, is 140 mm long and has a flange diameter of 171.9 mm. Muzzle velocity is a nominal 1,650 m/s with velocity drop at 1,000 m less than 100 m/s. The projectile can penetrate a minimum of 460 mm of RHA at 2,000 m. Accuracy at 1,000 m is 0.3 × 0.3 m and 0.6 × 0.6 m at 2,000 m. ZPS has also produced a sound- and flash-producing 125 mm round known as ISA, using a plastic projectile filled with either water or an anti-freeze mixture . It permits firing in confined maintenance areas or over short ranges. When fired, the plastic projectile immediately breaks up to release its fluid contents and fragments within a maximum range of 100 m, while the recoil forces generated allow gun recoil mechanisms to operate for test or other purposes. The ISA projectile is 670 mm long and weighs from 5.5 to 6.5 kg. Authorised fuzes None involved Equivalent rounds POLAND POLAND Manufacturer Presta Type: 125 mm APFSDS-T Description: Similar to ZVS round but projectile weight given as 7.1 kg and propellant weight as 9.56 kg. Projectile length is 550 mm. Muzzle velocity is 1,670 ms. Maximum effective range given as 2,500 m.Read More
100 mm HVAPDS-T UBM-6
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Pakistan
100 mm HVAPDS-T UBM-6
Armament 100 mm D-10 series tank guns (including NORINCO Type 59 ); 100 mm field gun BS-3; NORINCO 100 mm field gun and 100 mm anti-tank gun Type 73; 100 mm Field Gun M53 ; 100 mm towed anti-tank gun M1977 ( Romania ). Development The 100 mm HVAPDS-T UBM-6 was the main anti-armour round used by D-10 series guns from about 1968 onwards. It fired the main anti-armour projectile for the D-10 gun series until the belated introduction of the 100 mm APFSDS 3BM-2 projectile and its equivalents. The Chinese Type 59 tank with its locally produced 100 mm main gun does not include an equivalent of this round in its normal ammunition inventory, although some form of APDS is offered by NORINCO as part of an enhanced performance 100 mm gun package. However, the Pakistan Ordnance Factories do produce a 100 mm APDS. Description The 100 mm HVAPDS-T BM-8 is the projectile component of a fixed round with the projectile assembly securely fixed to the brass cartridge case. The case mouth periphery is pressed around the narrow steel drive bands, five in number, which encircle the rear of the projectile assembly. The BM-8 projectile assembly consists of a light-alloy sabot and projectile. The penetrator has a diameter of 49.5 mm and a length of 120.14 mm. The streamlined nose of the projectile carries a pyrotechnic-filled tip to provide a flash indication of the impact point on a target. Behind this is a light-alloy cap covering the relatively blunt nose of the tungsten carbide penetrator. A thin-walled metal liner surrounds the penetrator and a tracer element is carried inside a housing protruding from the penetrator base. The penetrator subprojectile without the sabot weighs 2.9 kg. The brass or lacquered steel cartridge case contains 6.66 kg of stick and granular propellant, plus flash reducing and wear additives located in a ring close to the top of the cartridge case. There is a KW-13 or KW-13U percussion primer threaded into the base. Brass cases are made of MK-75 brass and weigh 8.5 kg. The flange diameter is 147.5 mm. The 100 mm HVAPDS-T BM-8 has a muzzle velocity of 1,400 to 1,415 m/s and is claimed to be able to penetrate 300 mm of vertical armour at the maximum effective direct fire range of 1,680 m. Authorised fuzes None involved Equivalent rounds PAKISTAN PAKISTAN Manufacturer Pakistan Ordnance Factories Type: 100 mm APDS Description: Muzzle velocity is 1,424 m/s and maximum effective range 1,500 m. Complete round weight is approximately 20 kg and projectile weight, including a tungsten alloy penetrator core, is 4.9 kg. The brass cartridge case contains a nominal 6.803 kg of NQ/M 054 double-base, multiperforated propellant ROMANIA Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA Type: 100 mm APDS Description: No longer in series production but may be held in reserve stocks. Standard specificationsRead More
Cartridge, QF, 25-pounder, HE
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Pakistan
Cartridge, QF, 25-pounder, HE
Armament 25-pounder field guns. Development The first 25-pounder field gun-howitzer was the Mk 1, an updated 18-pounder field gun from the Great War period with an 87.6 mm loose barrel sleeve inserted into the jacket of the older barrel. This was the 18/25-pounder, dating from 1938, most of which were lost in France in 1940. The next model was the Mk 2, dating from 1940 onwards, which remains the standard version (there were several other service versions, such as the self-propelled Sexton which is no longer in service anywhere), although most have now either been withdrawn from front-line use with many armed forces or relegated to training, gate guardian and saluting duties. Ammunition production facilities now survive only in Pakistan , from where exports are understood to have been delivered to Myanmar . The Indian Ordnance Factories no longer produce 25-pounder ammunition, although manufacturing facilities no doubt still exist. South Africa (where the 25-pounder is known as the G1) no longer retains a manufacturing capability as the stockpile of remaining rounds is understood to be around 300,000 and the G1 is held only as a reserve weapon. However, some 25-pounder barrels may be used as subcalibre training inserts for 155 mm G5 and G6 howitzers to economically utilise the remaining stockpiles. A radio proximity fuze, the M85C88, was developed in South Africa by Fuchs Electronics specifically for 25-pounder/G1 ammunition. The M85C88 can replace the usual PD fuze directly and operates at a factory set reference height between 6 and 8 m. The fuze circuits employ frequency-agility techniques. Should the fuze fail there is an impact detonating back-up. The only types of 25-pounder ammunition still likely to be encountered are HE, Smoke and Blank. Over the years the numbers and variations of 25-pounder ammunition have been legion and included AP-T, Illuminating, Chemical, Leaflet, paper-filled for functional testing, and so on. A 1944 service manual lists no fewer than four marks of cartridge case, 15 types of cordite-based propellant and 24 types of projectile. As a result the descriptions provided here for HE, Smoke and Blank can only be taken as typical. Description All 25-pounder rounds (actual calibre 87.6 mm) are classed as separate loading ammunition as the projectile is loaded separately from the cartridge case. The 25-pounder HE projectile is forged steel and normally filled with (typically) 825 g of TNT, although other fillings have been used, including cold pressed 60:40 Amatol, with or without a topping of TNT. The projectile is streamlined and there is a slight boat tail taper to the rear of the projectile; the flat steel base is screwed into a recess formed in the base. A copper drive band is used. The nose-mounted fuze is the DA and Percussion No 119B Mk 18 although the No 117/117C and No 222 have been used. The cartridge case is drawn 70:30 brass and is fitted with a No 11 percussion primer in the base. The normal cartridge carries three charges sewn into linen or cambric bags, with the charges being removed by hand to suit the particular requirement. Charge 1, the `core' charge, is coloured red, Charge 2 is white and Charge 3 is blue. The charges are retained in place by a fibre cup. The propellant involved is triple-based and flashless, the usual propellants being NQ 018 and NQ 050 weighing 857 g. There was also a unitary Super Charge, originally developed for an AP-T projectile which is no longer in service, using triple-base, flashless NQ/S 134-040 weighing 1.253 kg. Ballistic data for the charge system is as follows: Charge 1 - MV 198 m/s - max range 3,566 m Charge 2 - MV 297 m/s - max range 7,132 m Charge 3 - MV 442 m/s - max range 10,790 m Super Charge - MV 518 m/s - max range 12,253 m. Inert drill projectiles and drill cartridge cases complete with inert propelling charges have been produced. Authorised fuzes PD and Percussion No 119B Mk 18 Prox Fuchs M85C88 Equivalent rounds PAKISTAN PAKISTAN Manufacturer Pakistan Ordnance Factories Type: Cartridge, QF, 25-pounder, HE Description: Standard specifications. In production and offered for export salesRead More
Cartridge, QF, 25-pounder, Smoke
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Pakistan
Cartridge, QF, 25-pounder, Smoke
Armament 25-pounder field guns. Development Intended to provide screening smoke, this base ejection projectile was developed alongside the HE projectile during the late 1930s. The standard projectile was the Mk IID although other marks and variants, up to Mk VIIB, were produced. As far as can be determined this round is now produced only by the Pakistan Ordnance Factories. The US Cartridge, 105 mm: HC, M84 was developed using the 25-pounder Smoke projectile as a basis. Description This steel base ejection shell (actual calibre 87.6 mm) has a streamlined outline, a flat base with only a slight taper and a copper driving band. The front of the shell body is threaded to accept a steel adaptor into which a No 221 time fuze is threaded. Below the fuze is a 42.5 g black powder charge contained in a bag located just above a steel baffle plate. The main interior of the shell has parallel walls and contains three cylindrical smoke containers separated from each other by millboard washers. Each container is filled with a smoke-producing composition which is ignited after the time fuze functions. As the fuze functions it creates internal pressure against the baffle plate to force off the steel baseplate and eject the smoke canisters. The same charge also creates flash to travel down a central channel to ignite the contents of the smoke canisters which then produce dense clouds of grey/white smoke. The cartridge case is drawn 70:30 brass and fitted with a No 11 percussion primer in the base. The normal cartridge carries three charges sewn into linen or cambric bags, with the charges being removed by hand to suit the particular requirement. Charge 1, the `core' charge, is coloured red, Charge 2 is white and Charge 3 is blue. The charges are retained in place by a fibre cup. The propellant involved is cordite-based, the usual propellants are triple-base flashless NQ 018 and NQ 050 weighing 857 g. The Super Charge was not normally used with the Smoke projectile. Ballistic data for the charge system is as follows: Charge 1 - MV 198 m/s - max range 3,566 m Charge 2 - MV 297 m/s - max range 7,132 m Charge 3 - MV 442 m/s - max range 10,790 m. Authorised fuzes Time No 221 Equivalent rounds PAKISTAN PAKISTAN Manufacturer Pakistan Ordnance Factories Type: Cartridge, QF, 25-pounder, Smoke Description: Standard specifications. In production and offered for export salesRead More
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