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Каталог оборонних продуктів — Сторінка 153

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60 mm HE bomb GMO-6PE A2
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Bulgaria
60 mm HE bomb GMO-6PE A2
Armament Bulgarian 60 mm and similar mortars. Development By Arsenal for Bulgarian military and export sales. Description The GMO-6PE A2 is similar to the GMO 6PE A1 in construction and external appearance, but it is longer, heavier and has greatly increased range and improved lethality. It is of conventional design and appearance. Manufacturer Arsenal Company.Читати далі
60 mm practice bomb
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Bulgaria
60 mm practice bomb
Armament Bulgarian 60 mm mortars and similar mortars. Development By Arsenal company for Bulgarian military and international sales. Description A conventional teardrop shaped mortar bomb of cast iron and steel construction for training use. Manufacturer Arsenal Company.Читати далі
81 mm mortar bomb GMO-8PE A1
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Bulgaria
81 mm mortar bomb GMO-8PE A1
Armament All 81 mm mortars. Development By Arsenal for general use and international sale. Description The GMO-8PE A1 is an extended range, streamlined, cast-iron long body mortar bomb with six stabilising fins and eight propelling increments. It is similar in appearance to other bombs of this type manufactured elsewhere. Manufacturer Arsenal Company.Читати далі
115 mm HE-FRAG(FS) 3OF18, 3OF27 and 3OF28
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Egypt
115 mm HE-FRAG(FS) 3OF18, 3OF27 and 3OF28
Armament 115 mm U-5TS (2A20) tank gun; Royal Ordnance (now RO Defence)115 mm tank gun. Development The general purpose 115 mm HE-FRAG(FS) 3OF18 projectile is referred to in Eastern Bloc literature as an extended range projectile. It replaced the earlier 3OF11 but has now been joined by what are described as third-generation HE-FRAG(FS) known as the 3OF27 and 3OF28. Compared to the 3OF18, these have a slightly revised outline, thinner body walls and a heavier filling consisting of a more powerful explosive. Many early models of the T-62 tank may not be able to use the 3OF27 or 3OF28 due to fire control system limitations. The 3OF18 projectile is utilised with the 3UOF6 round while the 3OF27 is used with the 3UOF37 round. The earlier 3OF11 was used with the 3UOF1 round. The 3UOF37 round appears to be the only version in this series in current production. Manufacturing is carried out by the Engineering Research Institute (NIMI) based in Moscow. Out of its normal combat load of 40 rounds a T-64 normally carries 19 HE-FRAG(FS) rounds. Description The 115 mm HE-FRAG(FS) 3OF18, 3OF27 and 3OF28 projectile assemblies are crimped into brass cartridge cases to form fixed rounds. The projectiles are steel and conventional in body outline but the 3OF27 and 3OF28 have a slightly longer streamlined ogive. The wall thickness of the 3OF18 is 13.34 mm at the bourrelet while the 3OF27 is 12.62 mm. The single copper drive band on the 3OF18 is 10.92 mm wide, while on the 3OF27 it is 11.33 mm wide. Bodies have a boat-tailed base with the bases threading into a steel boom extension carrying four steel forward-folding fins. The fins snap out once the projectile has left the muzzle; the diameter is 325.12 mm. The explosive filling for the 3OF18 is 2.788 kg of TNT, for the 3OF27 it is 3.062 kg, while for the 3OF28 it is 3.1 kg. In the last two cases the explosive is A-IX-20 (75 per cent RDX, 22 per cent Aluminium and 3 per cent Wax). Projectiles are fitted with a nose-mounted V-429E point detonating fuze made of steel. The rimmed brass (4G10A) or lacquered steel (4G9) cartridge case has an unusual shape as it is necked approximately halfway along its length. The contents consist of 4.65 kg of DG-4 15/1 propellant. The base is fitted with a KV-5-U electrical primer with a long flash tube. The muzzle velocity of the 3OF18 is 750 m/s; for the 3OF27 and 3OF28 it is 800 m/s. Maximum effective combat range is between 1,500 and 2,000 m and the maximum possible range is of the order of 9,500 m, although accuracy at that range will be minimal. A training round intended specially for training tank crews is the 115 mm 3UOFT6 training round with a 3OFT18 HE-T projectile. The projectile is fired at a muzzle velocity of 800 m/s and emits four independent No 1 tracers for up to 5 seconds from a location in the base so that the trajectory can be followed for training assessment and marking purposes. As the projectile passes through a soft training target the nose-mounted VUBS-1M super-quick point detonating fuze functions to detonate the projectile's TNT bursting charge less than 5 m behind the target. Should the projectile fail to hit a target it will self-destruct after about 4 to 6 seconds at a maximum range of 12,230 m. The complete 3UOFT6 round weighs 30.8 kg and has a steel cartridge case containing 4.65 kg of DG-4 15/1 propellant. The 115 mm 3UOFT6 training round is marketed by Kintex of Bulgaria . Authorised fuzes PD V-429E Equivalent rounds BULGARIA BULGARIA Manufacturer Kintex Type: UOFT6 Prac Description: Training round - see text Manufacturer KAS Engineering Company Type: 3UOF6 with 3OF18 Description: Max range given as 12,230 m. Steel or brass cases available EGYPT Manufacturer Heliopolis Company for Chemical Industries Type: HE-FRAG(FS) Description: Believed to be equivalent of 3OF18. Muzzle velocity given as 800 m/s. Fitted with AU-20 E fuze. In Egypt the U-5TS gun is known as the Y5TC-T62. Many Egyptian T-62s now have British-manufactured 115 mm barrels IRAQ Manufacturer State factories Type: 115 mm HE Description: Believed to be HE-FRAG(FS) 3OF18 but may be the earlier 3OF11. No further information available but probably no longer in productionЧитати далі
Kintex
Kintex
100 mm HEAT-FS BK-5M
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
China
100 mm HEAT-FS BK-5M
Armament 100 mm D-10 series tank guns (including NORINCO Type 59 ); 100 mm field gun BS-3; NORINCO 100 mm field gun and 100 mm anti-tank gun Type 73; 100 mm Field Gun M53 ; 100 mm towed anti-tank gun M1977 ; 100 mm towed anti-tank gun M1977 ( Romania ); 100 mm Coast Gun ( Yugoslavia ). Development The 100 mm HEAT-FS BK-5 projectile was first issued during the 1950s. In its later BK-5M form it is still carried by many T-54/T-55 tank units as a small proportion of the combat load, usually only three rounds out of a total load of 34 ( T-54 ) or 43 ( T-55 ). The BK-5M has been referred to as the ZBK-5M, although the complete round designation is 3UBK-4. Tank units of the Russian Federation and Associated States (CIS) now use an improved version of this projectile known as the 3BK17M (see following entry). The BK-5M has also been produced in Bulgaria , China (Type 73), Czech Republic , Romania , Slovakia and Yugoslavia . In Bulgaria and Yugoslavia it was known as the HEAT-T M69 (probably no longer in production). Description The 100 mm HEAT-FS BK-5M is used with a fixed round, with the finned steel projectile rigidly secured to the brass cartridge case by a single shallow crimping ring. The base of the projectile, inside the cartridge case, is supported on a steel slip band seat while the projectile body is encircled by two copper drive bands set 21.6 mm apart. The front of the projectile has a conical ogive with the nose carrying a piezoelectric impact sensor connected internally to a VP-9 or GPV-2 super-quick base detonating fuze. When the fuze functions it ignites the explosive filling of 1.038 kg (nominal) of A-IX-1 (RDX/Wax). The filling is set behind a conical internal liner, to form a shaped charge producing a high-temperature particle jet capable of penetrating up to 380 mm of armour at any range. The base of the projectile carries an extension boom mounting six forward-folding steel fins. The fins snap out for flight stabilisation once the projectile has left the gun muzzle; when extended they have a diameter of 368.08 mm. The tailboom also contains a No 12 tracer element. The brass cartridge case (lacquered steel may also be used) contains approximately 4.65 kg of 18/1 Tr and 14/7 propellant in stick and powder form. A KW-13U percussion primer is threaded into the base. Brass cases are made of MK-75 brass and weigh 8.5 kg. The flange diameter is 147.5 mm. The 100 mm HEAT-FS BK-5M has a muzzle velocity of 900 m/s. Although it can penetrate up to 380 mm of armour set at 0º and 190 mm set at 60º, it has been calculated that the hit probability against a static tank sized target at 1,000 m is only 43 per cent. At 2,000 m the hit probability is reduced to a negligible 2 per cent. Maximum possible range is approximately 3,000 m. Authorised fuzes PIBD VP-9, GPV-2 or GPV-2R Equivalent rounds BULGARIA BULGARIA Manufacturer Kintex Type: Hollow charge UBK-4 Description: BK5 projectile length, fuzed, given as 460.6 mm and Hexogen explosive filling as 990 g. Propellant is 4.65 kg of MBL and cartridge case may be lacquered steel or brass. Muzzle velocity is 900 m/s Manufacturer Vazovski Machinostroitelni Zavodi Type: Hollow charge round Description: Understood to be HEAT-FS BK-5M. Armour penetration given as 300 mm. Fitted with PIBD GPV-2 fuze CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC Manufacturer China North Industries (NORINCO) Type: HEAT-T Type 73 Description: Understood to be based on BK-5M but may be completely original design. Round weight 24 kg and length overall 1.071 m. Projectile weight 10.05 kg and length 587 mm. Muzzle velocity 1,000 m/s. Tracer burns for more than 2 seconds. Direct fire range 1,000 m CZECH REPUBLIC AND SLOVAKIA Manufacturer ZVS Dubnica Type: HEAT-FS PrSv Description: Projectile weighs 9.52 kg and contains 961 g of RDX/TNT. Uses cylindrical steel body with standoff nose spike and only four stabilising fins. Fin span, opened, is 257.8 mm. Steel cartridge case contains 4.47 kg of Dgtp propellant IRAN Manufacturer Defence Industries Organisation, Ammunition Group Type: HEAT Description: Appears to be an Iranian development with a modified 105 mm HEAT-T M456 series projectile allied to a 100 mm cartridge case. Total weight is 21.7 kg and explosive warhead weight is 1.2 kg; propellant weight is 5 kg. Muzzle velocity 1,000 m/s. Length overall 1.06 m. Fitted with PIBD M509A1 fuze. Offered for export sales ROMANIA Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA Type: HEAT-T BR-412R Description: Intended for use with D-10 series guns only. Virtually identical to BK-5M but without streamlined give. Complete round weight is 24.1 kg with projectile weighing 13.475 kg. Otherwise specifications almost identical to BK-5M YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: HEAT-T M69 Description: Probably no longer in production. Weight given as 26 kgЧитати далі
Kintex
Kintex
14.5 × 114 mm
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Egypt
14.5 × 114 mm
Synonyms 14.5 mm Soviet machine gun; 14.5 mm KPV ; 14.5 mm Type 56; 14.5 mm Vladimirov Armament Soviet PTRS and PTRD anti-tank rifles; KPV heavy machine gun; Chinese Type 75-1 machine gun; Hungarian `Destroyer' heavy rifle; AEROTEK NTW 14.5 anti-materiel rifle. Development Developed in the late 1930s for the contemporary anti-tank rifles. After the rifles became obsolete the round was carried over to the KPV heavy machine gun and has remained in use with this weapon. The gun and ammunition have been widely distributed and ammunition has been made in China , Egypt , North Korea and Romania at various times. Description The case is rimless, bottlenecked and of brass, Berdan primed. The standard bullet is an armour-piercing/incendiary pattern with steel core and incendiary composition in the nose. BULGARIA Manufacturer Arsenal Type: AP-I B-32: FMJ; steel core, incendiary composition in the nose; 64.1 g; V 25 990 m/s AP-I-T BZT: FMJ; 59.6 g; V 25 1,000 m/s Manufacturer Kintex Type: API B-32: FMJ; steel core, pyrotechnic composition in the nose; 64.1 g; V 25 987 m/s API BZT: FMJ; steel core, pyrotechnic mixture in the nose; 59.6 g; V 25 976 m/s CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC Manufacturer China North Industries (NORINCO) Type: API Type 56: FMJ; steel core, incendiary composition in the nose. Appears to be based upon the Soviet B-32 pattern; 64 g; MV 980-995 m/s; penetrates 20 mm of armour at 20º at 300 m; ignites fuels behind a 20 mm armour plate at 100 m; cartridge case may be of brass or varnished steel API-T Type 56: FMJ; steel core, tracer capsule at rear, incendiary material in nose; 59 g; MV 995-1,015 m/s; penetration and incendiary performance as for the API Type 56. Brass or steel cartridge case HE-I: Bullet consists of a hollow steel core closed at the rear end and filled with explosive, pressed in two increments with a booster increment on top. The core is closed at the front end by a coned steel plug carrying a detonator and surmounted by a steel striker plug which protrudes from the nose of the bullet. The bullet envelope is of steel with a gilding metal jacket; 59 g; MV 1,000-1,015 m/s; ignites fuels 400 mm beyond a 2 mm dural plate at 200 m and 100 mm behind the plate at 1,500 m range, with considerable fragmentation. Brass or steel cartridge case Blank: Similar to the 12.7 × 107 mm Blank, in that the mouth of the steel case is coned around a metal closing cup which is ejected from the muzzle and has a danger area of 25 mm from the muzzle EGYPT Manufacturer Shoubra Company Type: AP-I: FMJ; based on RFAS B32; 64.2 g; MV 985 m/s AP-I-T: FMJ; based on RFAS BZT; 59.5 g; MV 1,000 m/s POLAND Manufacturer Mesko Zaklady Metalowe Type: AP-I: FMJ; appears to be based on the RFAS B-32 round but loaded to a higher velocity; 65.1 g; MV 995 m/s AP-I-T: FMJ; appears to be based on the RFAS BZT round but loaded to a higher velocity; 61.3 g; MV 1,015 m/s ROMANIA Manufacturer S.N. ROMARM S.A. Type: API (B 32) : 64 g; MV 980-995 m/s API-T (BZT): 59 g; MV 995-1015 m/s HEI (MDZ): 59.6 g; MV 1000-1100 m/s RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND ASSOCIATED STATES (CIS) Manufacturer Ulyanovsk Machine Production Association ; Barnaul Machine Tool Building Plant Type: AP-I 57-BZ-561S with B32 projectile: FMJ; steel core; incendiary composition in nose; 64 g; MV 976 m/s; penetration 38 mm at 100 m AP-I BS41: FMJ; tungsten carbide core; incendiary composition in nose; 64.41 g; MV 976 m/s AP-I-T 57-BZ-561S with BZT projectile: FMJ; steel core; incendiary in nose, tracer in base; 60 g; MV 945-990 m/s Incendiary 7-Z-1 with MDZ projectile: FMJ; smaller steel core; greater incendiary filling, tracer; 58 g; MV 945-1,006 m/s Blank: Cartridge weight 114 gЧитати далі
Arsenal
Arsenal
RFAS 122 mm BM-21 Grad series rockets
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Egypt
RFAS 122 mm BM-21 Grad series rockets
Armament All 122 mm BM-21 Grad (9K51) series MRS, plus similar MRS produced in the People's Republic of China (Type 90 and 90A, Type 83, Type 81, Type 81-1 and truck-mounted Type 83 24-round launcher), Croatia ( Typhoon M96 ), the former Czechoslovakia (RM-21, RM-40, RM-70 and the updated Mod 70/85), Egypt ( 122 mm SAKR series), India (LRAR), Iran (Hadid 40-tube mobile launcher and 8-tube naval launcher), Iraq , North Korea (BM-11), Pakistan , Romania (40 APRA, 12 ARO plus other truck, light vehicle and trailer-mounted launchers, 40-round naval and coastal defence launchers, including 40 APRN) and Turkey ( T-122 ). To these can be added the RFAS `Damba' coastal defence rocket system, although these usually carry special underwater target rockets. The 122 mm BM-21 series of rockets can also be launched from 122 mm 9A51 Prima 50-round launchers. Naval 122 mm launchers with 20 tubes have been produced; NORINCO produces a naval 40-tube 122 mm MRS while Iran produces a naval 8-tube launcher. Development Initial development work on the Soviet 122 mm artillery rockets commenced during the late 1940s to supplement and eventually replace the Great Patriotic War era 82 mm and 132 mm `Katyusha' MRS from the mid-1950s onwards. Splav of Tula was the main design bureau under the leadership of A Ganichev, with the final development being completed during 1963. The number of 122 mm MRS types developed gradually until, by 1964, the standard version had become the 122 mm BM-21 Grad (Hail) series with its 40-tube launcher array. This is carried on ZIL-131 , Ural-375D or Ural-4320 6 × 6 trucks, although there have been many other types of vehicle and launcher combinations. These include the 122 mm BM-21V (Grad-V) 12-launcher system mounted on GAZ-66 4 × 4 trucks and the 122 mm 9P132/BM-21-P man-portable single-tube launchers for use by special forces. (The latter launch the special shorter 122 mm 9M28/DKZ-B rockets that can also be launched from standard multiple-tube launchers.) The main producer of the 122 mm BM-21 Grad rocket series is the State Research and Production Association `Splav' at Tula. In June 1996, it was announced that CELERG of France and Splav of Russia had completed joint designs for enhanced range BM-21 Grad rockets. It was anticipated that the new designs will have a maximum range of 36,000 m, using composite propellants, and will feature increased accuracy. Little has been heard of this programme of late, although in 2000 Splav announced a range of 122 mm enhanced performance rockets (see later in entry). The BM-21 Grad MRS is in service in one form or another in some 50 countries, with licence production or copying widespread. Description The base model of the BM-21 Grad (Hail) 9K51 series of 122 mm rockets is the 9M22, a FRAG-HE fin-stabilised rocket with a steel tube body, a high-explosive fragmentation warhead in the pointed nose section and an electrically ignited rocket motor in the tail. Stabilisation during flight is provided by four spring-out stabiliser vanes at the tail, mounted at an angle of 1º to the longitudinal. When fully open the fins have a span of 226 mm. On the base model 122 mm 9M22 the warhead is the M-21-OF containing 6.4 kg of TAG-F high explosive detonated by a 9A210 or MPB point detonating fuze, which is inertially armed only after travelling some 150 to 400 m from the launch point. Other types of warhead can be installed in place of the FRAG-HE including Chemical (VX or GB nerve agent - see under Equivalent projectiles, HE-Incendiary and Smoke. The rocket motor consists of 20.5 kg of RSI-12M double-base solid propellant, although single-base propellants have been used in the past. Total weight of the 9M22 at launch is 66 kg. Lengths vary. The basic 9M22 and essentially similar 9M22M are 2.87 m long. The 122 mm 9M22U/DB-1B is 3.226 m long and is heavier at 77.5 kg. All have a maximum range of around 20,750 m. With the basic 122 mm 9M22, two diameters of spoiler ring can be fitted over the nose to reduce range. The larger ring is fitted for ranges from 1,400 to 12,000 m and the smaller ring for 12,000 to 15,900 m. 122 mm rockets fired without the nose rings can reach 15,900 to 20,750 m. Maximum burnout velocity is 699 m/s without a nose ring. At maximum range the probable range error is 168 m in range and 80 m in azimuth. When detonated the M-21-OF warhead creates approximately 3,150 fragments which are scattered over a lethal radius of about 28 m. The 122 mm 9M28 rocket, also known as the M-14-OF or DKZ-B, can be used with 9P132 single-round launchers, is a derivative of the 122 mm 9M22 but is shorter at 1.905 m and weighs 45.8 kg. Maximum range is 10,800 m and maximum burnout velocity approximately 450 m/s. A variant of this rocket with an extra motor has a maximum range of 17,000 m. The 122 mm BM-21 rocket types produced in Russia include 9M28K cargo projectiles carrying three PGMDM anti-tank mines (weight complete 57.7 kg) or five POM-2S anti-personnel mines (3M16 - weight complete 56.4 kg). Both have a maximum range of 13,400 m. Each is 3.019 m long. Enhanced range versions with ranges up to 32,000 m are under development. Also available is a 9M43 Smoke rocket containing five smoke canisters, each weighing 800 g. Ten rockets can create a smoke screen 1,000 m long and 800 m deep. Each rocket weighs 66 kg and is 2.949 m long. Maximum range is 20,200 m. As a check list of current BM-21 rockets, the following summary outlines the main types: 9M22 HE-FRAG . Range 4,000 to 20,000 m 9M22U HE-FRAG . Range 4,000 to 20,100 m 9M28F HE-FRAG . Range 2,000 to 15,000 m 9M53F HE-FRAG . Range 5,000 to 20,000 m 9M43 Smoke . Range 5,000 to 20,000 m 9M42 Illumination . Range 1,000 to 5,000 m 9M28K Anti-tank mine . Range 4,000 to 13,400 m 3M16 Anti-personnel mine . Range 4,000 to 13,400 m 9M22M Cargo . Range 4,000 to 32,000 m Also in production by Splav and available for export sales are a series of enhanced range and performance 122 mm rockets powered by composite propellant motors. Known examples of these enhanced performance rockets include the following types. 9M519 Jammer . This designation covers a set of eight projectiles intended to jam HF and VHF radio communications operating in the 1.5 to 120 MHz bands. Each jammer warhead can, after impact, jam communications over a radius of 700 m for 60 minutes. A single warhead weighs 18.4 kg and the projectile 66 kg. Maximum range is 18,500 m. This rocket has been referred to as the 9M519-1-7 Lilya-2. 9M521 HE-FRAG . Range is 40,000 m carrying 21 kg of high explosive. Total weight of complete projectile is 66 kg. 9M522 HE-FRAG . On this rocket the warhead is separable from the motor and descends onto the target under a small parachute. This allows the warhead to fall almost vertically onto its target, providing scope for the use of proximity fuzes. The 25 kg warhead is claimed to be six times more effective than that of the standard 9M22U HE-FRAG. Total rocket weight is 70 kg and maximum range 37,500 m. 9M217 Self-targeting Submunition . This contains two unspecified self-targeting submunitions to be dispensed from the rocket warhead and descend under the control of a small parachute. As each submunition descends it seeks a target below and projects a self-forming fragment downwards into the target's top armour. The warhead weight is 25 kg and total rocket weight is 70 kg. Each submunition can penetrate 60 to 70 mm of homogeneous armour set at an angle of 30º. Maximum range is 30,000 m. The submunition involved may be the 122 mm Universal Smart Munition. 9M218 Cargo . Contains 45 dual-purpose submunitions containing a total of 25 kg of high explosive. Total rocket weight is 70 kg and maximum range is 30,000 m. One possible future submunition for 122 mm Grad series rockets is the 122 mm Universal Smart Munition. A 122 mm Grad series rocket could carry two of these anti-armour munitions which descend under a parachute and use a side-mounted target sensor to search for a target. If a target is sensed a self-forming fragment is fired from the optimum distance. The warhead can penetrate 60 to 70 mm of Rolled Homogeneous Armour (RHA). The 122 mm Universal Smart Munition is not yet in production. Although it is not confirmed, these munitions may be the ones involved with the 9M217. Fuchs Electronics of South Africa produce the BM21 and BM36 proximity fuzes optimised for 122 mm BM-21 rockets. The 122 mm rockets are normally transported packed in individual plywood chests but can be carried ready-loaded in their launch tubes for up to one year. Part of the BM-21 Grad system is a reload vehicle carrying reload rockets in 9F37 racks. The 122 mm 9M22U rocket is used for training purposes. Few details are available although it is understood that the warhead contains a flash/bang/smoke element only. Authorised fuzes PD 9A210, MRV, MRV-U, Junghans PD 111R or equivalents; Fuchs BM21 Prox; Fuchs BM36 Prox Equivalent rockets BULGARIA BULGARIA Manufacturer Vazov Engineering Plants Type: 122 mm M-21 OF Description: Intended for launching from BM-21 Grad. Complete rocket weighs 66 kg and is 2.75 m long. The steel-cased warhead weighs 19.9 kg and is 749 mm long filled with TGAF5 (RDX/TNT); the fuze is either a PD MRV-U or MRV. The electrically ignited rocket motor contains 20.65 kg of RSI-12M propellant. Maximum velocity given as 660 m/s and range a precise 20,217 m. Each warhead can cover a lethal area of 1,050 m 2 . CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC Manufacturer China North Industries (NORINCO) Type: 122 mm Type 81 series rockets Description: Fired from the 40-tube launcher carried on Type 83 tracked MRS, the truck-mounted Type 90 or Type 81 and the truck-mounted Type 83 24-tube launcher; a single-tube launcher also exists. Rocket types, with composite propellant rocket motors, include a standard FRAG-HE with a 18.3 kg RDX-filled warhead, HE-Incendiary, HE-Canister using a steel subprojectile payload, HE-Incendiary-Canister with a steel subprojectile payload and Cargo carrying 39 Type 90 40 mm calibre dual-purpose bomblets. Weight of the Cargo rocket is 60.5 kg and length 2.927 m; maximum range is 20,000 m. There is also an extended range HE rocket with a maximum range of 30,000 m (weight 61 kg, length 2.757 m). Also available are two types of minelaying rocket, one with a range of 7,000 m and another with a range of 15,000 m, both capable of carrying mixes of anti-tank and anti-personnel mines. All these 122 mm rockets weigh ca 60 kg and can be fired from standard BM-21 Grad type launchers. Manufacturer China North Industries (NORINCO) Type: 122 mm Type 90A series rockets Description: Intended for use with the Type 90A 40-barrel MRS. There are four rockets in the series, three with a maximum range of 32,700 m and a minimum range of 12,700 m. The three are: HE; Steel High Explosive Incendiary (SHEI) containing 3,400 steel balls; and Steel High Explosive (SHE) containing 4,044 steel balls. In each case the rocket weighs 61 kg and is 2,757 m long; warhead weight is 18.3 kg. The fourth round is a Cargo round containing 39 42.2 mm bomblets or an unspecified number of 114 mm diameter mines. This Cargo rocket has a maximum range of 32,000 m, weighs 60.5 kg and is 2.927 m long. Warhead weight is 19 kg. For all four rocket types the maximum flight velocity is 1,050 m/s and time of flight to maximum range is 110 seconds. Manufacturer China North Industries (NORINCO) Type: 122 mm Shrapnel Description: Developed as an adjunct to existing BM-21 Grad type MRS, this rocket has a 19.25 kg warhead containing 6 kg of RDX surrounded by approximately 4,100 steel spheres. A complete rocket weighs 66.8 kg and is 2.87 m long. Propellant weight is 20.6 kg and maximum range is 20,000 m. Also known as Rocket Steel Ball Shell. CROATIA Marketing agency R H ALAN doo Type: M-21-OF and RAK 122 M93 Description: M-21-OF has standard specifications while RAK 122 M93 is a locally developed variant. Launched from Typhoon M96 MRS on TATRA 813 truck chassis. PD fuze is RUTU M93 (MRV-U). EGYPT Manufacturer Heliopolis Company for Chemical Industries Type: Rocket 122 mm Grad FRAG-HE Description: Similar to reverse-engineered 122 mm SAKR rockets (see separate entry). Rocket bodies are supplied by Vickers (UK), composite propellant by Bayern Chemie (Germany), rocket motor by CELERG (France). Proximity fuzes are supplied by Simpa (France). Warheads are produced by the Abu Zaabal Company for Speciality Chemicals Factory No 18 where the warheads are filled with 6.4 kg of RDX:TNT. Manufacturer SAKR Factory for Developed Industries Type: 122 mm SAKR Rockets Description: See separate entry INDIA Manufacturer Armament Research and Development Establishment Pune Type: 122 mm LRAR Description: A locally developed long-range version of the basic 122 mm 9M22 with a 18 kg warhead containing TNT. Launched from 40-tube MRS carried on Shaktiman 6 × 6 5 tonne truck. Uses a double-base solid propellant motor. IRAN Manufacturer Defence Industries Organisation Islamic Republic of Iran ( Parchin Missile Industries ) Type: 122 mm Arash Description: Essentially similar to 122 mm 9M22 but understood to be derived from Chinese NORINCO designs. Used with 40-tube launchers. Data provided states that weight complete is 65 kg, 18.38 kg of which is the warhead. Length is 2.815 m and maximum velocity is 710 m/s. Maximum range is 21,500 m. Fuze is PD SAEIR-F72. Manufacturer Defence Industries Organisation Islamic Republic of Iran ( Parchin Missile Industries ) Type: 122 mm Noor Description: A short version of the 122 mm Arash launched from both single-tube and 40-tube launchers. Weight is 45 kg, 18.35 kg of which is the warhead. Length is 2.05 m and maximum velocity 720 m/s. Maximum range is 18,000 m. Fuze is PD SAEIR-F72. Manufacturer Defence Industries Organisation Islamic Republic of Iran ( Parchin Missile Industries ) Type: 122 mm Long Range Rocket (Arash) Description: Lengthened version of 122 mm Arash with maximum range of 29,000 m. Length is 3.2 m and weight 72 kg with 18 kg warhead. Maximum velocity 1,050 m/s. Fuze is PD SAEIR-F72. Manufacturer Defence Industries Organisation Islamic Republic of Iran ( Parchin Missile Industries ) Type: 122 mm Fadjr 6 Description: A Cargo round carrying eight anti-armour or anti-personnel mines. Weight 63 kg, length 2.83 m and weight of payload 32 kg. Minelaying range is 3,500 to 6,000 m. KOREA, NORTH Manufacturer State factories Type: 122 mm FRAG-HE Description: Derived from 122 mm 9M22 and launched from locally produced BM-11 30-tube launchers. A second 122 mm rocket system is understood to exist but no details are available. PAKISTAN Manufacturer Pakistan Ordnance Factories Type: 122 mm HE Yarmuk Description: Derived from 122 mm 9M22 and used with 30-tube launcher derived from the North Korean BM-11 MRS. Weight complete with 20.4 kg of a double-base propellant is 66 kg. Warhead contains 6 kg of Composition B and weighs 19.4 kg fuzed. Length overall is 2.875 m. Maximum range is 20,580 m. Manufacturer Dr A Q Khan Research Laboratories Type: 122 mm FRAG-HE Description: Maximum range 20,380 m. POLAND Manufacturer Tlocznia Metali Pressta Spolka Akcyjna Owinska Type: 122 mm BM-21 rockets Description: Three types of rockets produced, HE (GRAD), FRAG-HE (SPALL) and Minelaying (PLATAN), all to be fired from standard BM-21 MRS. GRAD and SPALL are 2.753 m long, weigh 66.18 kg and have a maximum range of 20,130 m. A SPALL warhead burst creates 6,500 fragments and can be used with a proximity fuze to form air bursts. PLATAN carries five anti-tank mines to a range of 18,000 m. Rocket weight is 75.1 kg and length is 3.285 m. Manufacturer Presta Type: 122 mm BM-21 rockets Description: Three types of rocket produced: M21 FRAG-HE, M21-OF FRAG-HE and Minelaying, the latter carrying five anti-tank mines. Maximum range of this variant is 18,000 m. Rocket weight is 75.1 kg and length is 3.285 m. ROMANIA Marketed by SN ROMARM SA Type: 122 mm HE Description: Same as 122 mm 9M22. Launched from 40 APRA truck- and trailer-carried launchers. An M21-OF-S short version, 1.927 m long and weighing 46.6 kg, is intended for launching from a 1-L P-122 single-tube manpack or horse-portable launcher having a range of 12,700 m. The rocket motor weighs 11.1 kg. Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA Type: 122 mm M21-OF-FP and M21-OF-S Description: Equate to M-21-OF (9M22) and M-14-OF (9M28). Standard specifications. RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND ASSOCIATED STATES (CIS) Manufacturer State factories Type: 122 mm Chemical Description: At least two 122 mm Chemical warheads were produced for the BM-21 Grad MRS, one containing 2.9 kg of liquid VX and the other 3.1 kg of liquid Sarin (GB), both nerve agents. The VX warhead weighs 19.3 kg and has a Proximity fuze igniting a TNT burster charge. The GB warhead also weighs 19.3 kg and has a PD fuze igniting the TNT burster charge. A HCN filled warhead was also reported to exist. These warheads have been withdrawn from service and are scheduled for destruction. Manufacturer State Research and Production Enterprise `Splav' Tula Type: 122 mm HE Description: Intended for use with the Damba coastal defence 40-round anti-underwater platform system, which has an obvious affinity with the BM-21 MRS. Damba rockets, that are fuzed to operate at depths of 3 to 200 m, are 2.756 m long and weigh 75.3 kg, 20 kg of which is warhead explosive. Range is 300 to 5,000 m. Manufacturer State Research and Production Enterprise `Splav' Tula Type: 122 mm 9M53F Description: Intended primarily for the 50-round 9K59 Prima MRS mounted on the 9A51 truck platform, the 9M53F rocket uses an enhanced preformed fragment and blast warhead weighing 26 kg which, as it approaches a target area, separates from the rocket body under electronic fuze control to be suspended from a parachute. This ensures the warhead has a near vertical approach angle allowing a proximity fuze to function at an optimum height of several metres above the ground. On detonating its 1.8 kg explosive filling each warhead produces 2,500 preformed fragments to be spread in a circular pattern. Each 122 mm 9M53F rocket weighs 70 kg and is 3.037 m long. Range is from 5,000 to 20,500 m. SLOVAKIA Manufacturer Konstrukta Defense Type: 122 mm AGAT/JRKK-G Description: Can be supplied either as an AGAT warhead to be fitted to existing 122 mm BM-21 Grad rocket bodies by a customer, or as a complete 122 mm JRKK-G projectile weighing 68 kg. Fitted with a nose-mounted TM120 time fuze the warhead can deliver 56 38 mm dual-purpose bomblets over a range band of 6,500 up to 16,500 m. Each bomblet weighs 280 g and can penetrate 110 to 130 mm of homogeneous armour. A self-destruct fuze is fitted to each bomblet. An incendiary bomblet is also available. A version with a revised rocket motor has a range of 33,000 m. Marketed by Technopol. Manufacturer Konstrukta Defense Type: 122 mm LR Description: Although designed to be launched from four-tube LRM-122 launch pods carried by aircraft or helicopters, the 122 mm LR rocket may also be used in the ground-to-ground role, when it has a maximum range of 12,000 m. The 122 mm LR rocket weighs 46.25 kg, 12 kg of which is the steel warhead containing 6.4 kg of TGAF-5 (RDX/TNT) and 11.3 kg of Ng Tr solid propellant. Length overall is 1.94 kg. The nose fuze is a PD LZMH-1 with two optional delays; the fuze is 215 mm long and weighs 970 g. Marketed by Technopol. Manufacturer Konstrukta Defense Type: 122 mm Trnovnik Description: This is a 122 mm cargo warhead rocket, that can carry 63 dual-purpose bomblets to a maximum range of 17,500 m. Rocket length overall is 2.78 m and weight 65.8 kg. Total warhead weight is 14.85 kg with each 38 mm diameter bomblet weighing 131 g; armour penetration is 100 mm. Marketed by Technopol. Manufacturer VCHZ Synthesia, sp, Vupch and MOEX Type: 122 mm EXR-122 Description: 9M22 extended range derivative weighing 70.8 kg with a maximum range of 24,600 m. Warhead weight is 20 kg and propellant weight 24.5 kg. Developed by Prototype, s.p. Brno. Manufacturer ZVS Dubnica Type: 122 mm JROF and 122 mm JROF-K Description: FRAG-HE launched from the RM 21 or RM-70 and Mod 70/85 launchers. Essentially similar to RFAS 9M22 but the weight is 65.8 kg and length 2.881 m, with a nose-mounted MRV-u point detonating fuze. Warhead payload is 6.4 kg of TNT. The shortened 122 mm JROF-K is 1.932 m long, weighs 46.3 kg and has a maximum range of 11,000 m. SOUTH AFRICA Manufacturer Mechem , a member of the Denel Group Type: RO 122 PFHE Description: This 122 mm rocket has been developed to the `ready for production' stage for use with BM-21 series launchers. The PFHE warhead, described as a FRAG-HE, contains 9,800 steel spheres encased in a cast epoxy resin sleeve around the warhead explosive. A Fuchs BM21 radio proximity fuze is fitted. Manufacturer Mechem , a member of the Denel Group Type: 68 mm Subcalibre Training Device Description: Mechem have developed a 68 mm Subcalibre Training Device for 122 mm rocket systems using 68 mm aircraft rockets (see separate entry in this section). The device outwardly resembles a full-scale 122 mm rocket and is loaded and fired in the same manner. This system led to savings of US$2.5 million per annum for the SANDF. TURKEY Manufacturer Rocketsan Type: TR-122 122 mm Extended Range Artillery Rocket Description: Intended to be fired from locally produced 40-tube launchers, the TR-122 can also be launched from BM-21 Grad launchers. Maximum range is over 40,000 m and minimum 10,000 m. Warhead types are HE and fragmentation (steel ball), each weighing 18.4 kg. Weight complete is 65.9 kg and length 2.9 m. Developed for the Turkish armed forces, the TR-122 is in production. YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: 122 mm FRAG-HE M88 Description: 122 mm 9M22 type rocket 2.87 m long with impact-fuzed warhead having 6.4 kg of explosive surrounded by 2,780 6.35 mm steel spheres. Total weight is 66 kg of which 20.4 kg is propellant producing a maximum velocity of 690 m/s. Maximum range given as 20,400 m. Probably no longer in production.Читати далі
M-5A
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Bulgaria
M-5A
Armament 82 mm mortar bombs. Development Development history unknown. Description The M-5A is a direct action impact fuze without delay option. It is constructed of aluminium and is otherwise a copy of the Russian M-5 . Manufacturer Bulgaria state arsenals, probably Kintex.Читати далі
NITI Model PKK 12 rubber baton round
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Bulgaria
NITI Model PKK 12 rubber baton round
Synonyms none Armament Suitably chambered 12 gauge shotguns. Development By Niti Corporation to provide less than lethal shotgun shells for crowd control, training, guards and peacekeeping operations. Description The Niti PKK 12 rubber baton round fires a rubber ball to an effective range of 25 m. Like most less than lethal rounds, it can cause severe injuries at close ranges, in this instance, the recommended minimum range is 20 m. BULGARIA Manufacturer Niti Kasanlak Bulgaria Tel: (+359 431) 431 95/248 84 Fax: (+359 431) 248 84/450 95 Telex: 88519Читати далі
NITI Model PKS 12 rubber buckshot round
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Bulgaria
NITI Model PKS 12 rubber buckshot round
Synonyms none Armament Suitably chambered 12 gauge shotguns. Development By Niti Corporation to provide less than lethal shotgun shells for crowd control, training, guards and peacekeeping operations. Description The Niti PKS 12 is a conventional 12 gauge buckshot round intended for use at distances of 7 to 15 m. It is filled with 16 rubber pellets. BULGARIA Manufacturer Niti Kasanlak Bulgaria Tel: (+359 431) 431 95/248 84 Fax: (+359 431) 248 84/450 95 Telex: 88519Читати далі
130 mm FRAG-HE OF-482M
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Egypt
130 mm FRAG-HE OF-482M
Armament 130 mm Field Gun M-46 ; 130 mm Field Gun Type 59 and Type 59-1; Factory 100 M59-1M; 130 mm Gun Model 1982 . 130 mm Self-propelled Gun (Catapult); NORINCO 130 mm Self-propelled Gun. Development The Soviet 130 mm Field Gun M-46 was developed during the early 1950s from a series of 130 mm naval guns; at one time it was known in the West as the M-1954. The 130 mm M-46 was widely used throughout the former Warsaw Pact nations, but it has now been largely withdrawn from RFAS use and replaced by more modern 152 mm equipment or by ammunition produced to 3OF66 standard (see following entry). However, the M-46 remains in widespread use elsewhere to the extent that its ammunition is still being manufactured by several nations. Conversion kits converting 130 mm M-46 carriages to accommodate 39 calibre 155 mm barrels firing NATO standard ammunition have been marketed by Soltam of Israel and have been ordered by the Indian Army. Konstrukta Defence of the Slovak Republic has produced a version of the OF-482M with a Base Bleed (BB) unit, increasing the maximum range to 32,500 m. An identical round is produced in the Slovak Repblic by Kerametal. Nations such as Israel and South Africa have seen fit to produce 130 mm HE ammunition ( South Africa also produces a Base Bleed (BB) round - see separate entry), while China has developed its own particular family of 130 mm rounds. This `commercial' market has extended to electronic fuzes for both Israel and South Africa , and also produces proximity and other fuzes intended for 130 mm M-46 ammunition. In Israel , Reshef Technologies produces EPSILON M139 MOD 2 while in South Africa Fuchs Electronics produces the M85R13A1. Both designs are optimised for 130 mm ammunition, as is the MINNIE proximity fuze produced by TDA of France. Throughout its service life the 130 mm M-46 has used several types of ammunition which are now no longer in service. One type was a 130 mm RAP used by Syria and at least two 130 mm chemical projectiles were in service at one time. One contained 1.6 kg of Sarin (GB) and the other 1.4 kg of VX, both nerve agents. Both projectiles weighed 33.4 kg and contained a TNT burster charge. These chemical warfare agent munitions are scheduled for destruction. The 130 mm FRAG-HE OF-482M is a modified version of the OF-482. The 130 mm FRAG-HE 3OF3 has an AP-30 fuze. Description The 130 mm FRAG-HE OF-482M is a separate loading munition, allowing the variable charges contained in a brass cartridge case to be varied to suit a particular fire mission. The projectile is forged steel and uses a conventional long-nosed streamlined outline with a nose fuze. There are two cupro-nickel drive bands, each 20.07 mm wide and spaced 9.14 mm apart, encircling the body close to the flat base, which has a very slight boat tailed profile. The body walls vary from approximately 29.5 mm to just under 28 mm in thickness and contain a TNT payload weighing 3.6 kg; the TNT has a flash additive for spotting purposes. The point detonating nose fuze is usually an RGM-2 but the PD RGM-6 or V-429 may be encountered. Czech and Slovak 130 mm rounds utilise the PD KZ 88 with a muzzle safety distance of 100 m. The 70:30 drawn brass cartridge case is issued in two versions, both with a KV-U or KV-5U percussion primer threaded into the base. The first one is a Full Charge version while the other has a Reduced propellant load. The Full Charge contains 13.5 kg of NDT-3 23/1 propellant loaded in a lower and upper bag, together with 2.5 kg of loose propellant in bundled stick form. An increment completes the Full Charge while removal of this increment creates Charge 1. The Reduced charge uses mainly 9/7 and 12/1 Tr propellant, weighs 6.75 kg complete and is supplied in a separate cartridge case. The top charge in the Reduced category is formed using the full complement of a base charge and two equal sized bags, forming Charge 2. Removal of one of the equal bags creates Charge 3 while removal of both equal bags, leaving only the base charge, creates Charge 4. A KV-U percussion primer is pressed into the cartridge case base to ignite both Full and Reduced propellant loads. On Reduced Charge cartridge cases the propellant is held against the base of the projectile (the top of the case) by a wide flash tube. The Full Charge produces a muzzle velocity of 930 m/s and provides a maximum range of 27,490 m. The Reduced charge, Charge 2, produces a muzzle velocity of 705 m/s and a range of 19,130 m. Authorised fuzes PD RGM-2, RGM-6, RV-2, V-429 Prox AR-5, Reshef EPSILON M139 MOD 2, Fuchs Electronics M85R13A1, TSA MINNIE Equivalent rounds BULGARIA Marketing agency Kintex Type: HE VOF-482B and VOF-482VU Description: Available in Full (VOF-482B) and Reduced (VOF-482VU) propellant charge versions, both with OF-482B projectile. Otherwise standard specifications. Blank rounds also produced BULGARIA Manufacturer Vazov Engineering Plants Type: 130 mm HE Description: Available in Full and Reduced propellant charge versions. Standard specifications CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC Manufacturer China North Industries Corporation (NORINCO) Type: 130 mm HE or HEI Type 59 Description: Standard specifications. Fitted with Liu-5 fuze. For 130 mm Type 59 and 59-1 guns CROATIA Manufacturer RH-ALAN doo Type: 130 mm HE 482 M Description: Projectile weight 33.5 kg. Otherwise standard specifications CZECH REPUBLIC Manufacturer Caliber Prague Limited Type: 130 mm HE Full Charge Description: Standard specifications EGYPT Manufacturer Heliopolis Company for Chemical Industries (F.81) Type: 130 mm M/46 HE Description: Standard specifications. Fitted with AU-18 fuze FINLAND Manufacturer Patria Vammas Type: 130 mm HE Description: Standard specifications IRAN Manufacturer Defence Industries Organisation, Ammunition Group Type: 130 mm HE Description: Fitted with PD M572 nose fuze. Projectile is 561 mm long and weighs 32.5 kg, with explosive weighing 4 kg Manufacturer Defence Industries Organisation, Ammunition Group Type: 130 mm HE BB Description: See separate entry IRAQ Manufacturer State factories Type: 130 mm HE Description: No information available. Probably no longer in production ISRAEL Manufacturer Israel Military Industries ( IMI ) Type: 130 mm HE Description: This round was produced to be used with captured M-46 field guns and is identical to the RFAS original other than the nose cavity being threaded to accommodate a PD M739 fuze. Probably no longer in production PAKISTAN Manufacturer Pakistan Ordnance Factories Type: 130 mm HE Description: Licence-produced version of Chinese HE round. Uses Liu-5 or PF1A fuze and Di-5 percussion primer. Complete round weight given as 58.42 kg. For Type 59-1 guns ROMANIA Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA Type: 130 mm HE Description: Available in both full and reduced charge variants with ranges of 26,800 and 22,000 m respectively. Provided with V-429 fuze. Also used with Romanian 130 mm Model 82 gun SLOVAKIA Manufacturer Kerametal Company Limited Type: 130 mm OF-482-BB Description: Modification of FRAG-HE OF-482M to accommodate a Base Bleed (BB) unit, increasing maximum range to 32,500 m. Projectile weighs 33.4 kg, contains 3.6 kg of explosive and has a muzzle velocity of 950 m/s. The BB unit weighs 1.52 kg, is 82 mm long and has a diameter of 110 mm. Used with standard OF-482M cartridge case. Fitted with PD KZ-88 nose fuze. Standard 130 mm FRAG-HE OF-482M also produced Manufacturer Konstrukta Defence Type: 130 mm OF-482-BB Description: Modification of FRAG-HE OF-482M to accommodate a Base Bleed (BB) unit, increasing maximum range to 32,500 m. Projectile weighs 33.4 kg, contains 3.6 kg of explosive and has a muzzle velocity of 950 m/s. The BB unit weighs 1.52 kg, is 82 mm long and has a diameter of 110 mm. Used with standard OF-482M cartridge case. Fitted with PD KZ-88 nose fuze. Standard 130 mm FRAG-HE OF-482M also produced UKRAINE Manufacturer TACKO Type: 130 mm HE for M-46 Description: Standard specifications. Offered for export sales. YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: HE Shell M79 Description: Standard specifications. May no longer be in productionЧитати далі
23 × 115 mm
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Egypt
23 × 115 mm
Synonyms 23mm Soviet NS Armament Aircraft guns Goryunov-Shpagin GSh-23L and GSh-23LU; Nudelmann-Kalashnikov NK-23 Gatling; Nudelmann-Richter AM-23 and NT-23; Nudelmann-Suranov NS-23. Chinese aircraft guns Types 1, 2 and 2H. Development This round was developed during the Second World War, for the Nudelman-Suranov NS-23 aircraft cannon, used by Soviet ground attack fighters; it was a recoil-operated weapon scaled down from a previous 37 mm NS design. After the war it was supplemented by the gas-operated AM-23 and GSh-23 guns and later by the NK-23 Gatling-pattern gun. Description The case is rimless and bottlenecked, brass and percussion primed. Projectiles are of conventional design and weigh about 175 g. However, the rounds for early and later guns are not identical. Ammunition for the earlier NS gun was loaded to a lower velocity (690 m/s), while rounds for the AM, NT, GSh and NK series used a more powerful primer and an improved propellant to achieve 740 m/s. These latter rounds had the projectiles marked with a white band, but it seems that the only country now using the lower velocity round is the People's Republic of China , while other countries appear to have moderated the performance and settled on a somewhat lower velocity for the later guns. BULGARIA Manufacturer Arsenal Type: HEI: Steel shell with copper drive band, filled with AIX-2. Projectile tip coloured yellow. Brass case containing 4/7 CGR propellant and KV-3 primer. B-23 or B-23A PD nose fuze. Round weight 329 g, projectile weight 174 g; MV 690 m/s API: Solid steel projectile with copper drive band. Projectile tip colored silver. Round weight 321 g, projectile 156 g; MV 690 m/s CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC Manufacturer China North Industries (NORINCO) Type: HE-I Type 2: Steel shell filled RDX; nose impact fuze with self-destruction; 180 g; MV 680 m/s (Type 1 gun), MV 705 m/s (Type 2, 2H) HE-T: Steel shell filled with RDX; nose impact fuze with self-destruction; cartridge weight 450 g; MV 970 m/s CZECH REPUBLIC Manufacturer State arsenals Type: HE-I-T OZT: Steel shell with HE filling, as Soviet pattern but with sintered iron driving band; K-20M nose impact fuze; 175 g; MV 740 m/s EGYPT Manufacturer Maasara Company for Engineering Type: HE-I-T: Appears to be based on the Soviet OZT; no details INDIA Manufacturer Indian Ordnance Factories, Ordnance Factory Khamaria Type: HE-I: No details available as preparing for full production API: No details available as preparing for full production TP-T: No details available as preparing for full production PAKISTAN Manufacturer Pakistan Ordnance Factories Type: HE-I: Steel shell, loaded RDX/Aluminium, and red tracer; nose impact fuze AP-24; 175 g; MV 720 m/s AP-I: Steel shell with alloy ballistic cap, filled incendiary composition; Unfuzed; 173 g; MV 720 m/s TP: HE-I shell body filled inert; dummy fuze; 173 g; MV 720 m/s MACEDONIA Manufacturer Euroinvest Type: HE M78 : Appears to be local derivative of a former Yugoslav round. Projectile weight 174 g; MV 720 m/s RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND ASSOCIATED STATES (CIS) Manufacturer Kemerovo Mechanical Plant Type: AP-I-T: Steel body and ballistic cap with copper rotating band; 175 g; MV 690 m/s Manufacturer PRIBOR Type: HE-I-T OZT: Boat tailed steel shell with HE filling (11 g RDX/Al) and K-20M nose impact fuze. Copper driving band. 175 g; MV 740 m/s HE-I-T-SD OZT/NZ: Similar to the OZT but using a flat-based shell of greater internal capacity and fitted with the NZ-231-A nose impact fuze with self-destruction after 17 seconds flight; 188 g; MV 700 m/s HE-I OZ: Boat tailed steel shell loaded RDX/Al; nose fuze K-20M; 175 g; MV 740 m/s HE-I OZ: Similar to the previous model OZ but with a stud on the base of the shell to which a short length of lead wire is twisted to act as a decoppering agent, the shell being marked with a yellow band to indicate this. Fuzed K-20M or B-23 impact HE-I OZ/VU: Similar to the OZT/NZ but without tracer and with a delay unit beneath the B-23 fuze to permit the shell to penetrate before detonation. AP-I BZ: Solid steel body with hard steel core and light steel ballistic cap containing incendiary composition; 200 g; MV 740 m/s AP-I-T BZ-A: Pointed steel shot with incendiary filling inside the light alloy ballistic cap; 195 g; MV 740 m/s APE: Contains 47 g of an unspecified explosive; 182 g; MV 720 m/s CC Cargo Carrying: Hollow steel shell containing 24 solid sub-projectiles each weighing 2 g to be ejected forward through the nose by a fixed time (1.4 to 1.8 seconds) VM-23 ejector assembly in the projectile base. Round weight 338 g; projectile 184 g; MV approx 700 m/s Radar jamming: Contains radar-jamming chaff dispensed through the projectile base over a period of 7 to 9 seconds. Projectile weight 184 g; MV 700 m/s IR Radiation: Radiates electro-magnetic waves in the 1.8 to 5 micron range to jam optical proximity fuzes and infra-red (IR) sensors. Time of waves generation is 0.8 to 1.2 seconds after firing for a duration of at least 3.8 seconds. Projectile weight 174 g; MV 700 m/s UKRAINE Manufacturer: MINIMASHPROM Type: HEI OFE: 184 g; MV 700 m/s AP-I BT: 190 g; MV 690 m/s YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: HE M85 : Steel shell loaded 16.3 g RDX/Aluminium; self-destroying fuze; 174 g; MV 720 m/s HE-T M85 : Two-section steel shell, 12 g RDX/Aluminium in front, red tracer in rear; nose impact self-destroying fuze; 175 g; MV 720 m/s HE-I M85 : Steel shell loaded 16.3 g RDX/Aluminium; self-destroying fuze; 174 g; MV 720 m/s HE-I-T M85 : Two-section shell loaded 12 g RDX/Aluminium in front, red tracer in rear; nose impact fuze with self-destruction; 175 g; MV 720 m/s AP-I M85 : Steel-pointed shell with incendiary mixture in ballistic cap and body filling of TNT/Al; base fuzed; 174 g; Mv 720 m/s AP-I-T M85 : As for AP-I but with red tracer; 174 g; MV 720 m/s TP M85 : Body of HE shell, empty; dummy fuze; 174 g; MV 720 m/s TP-T M85 : Body of HE-T shell, front section empty, rear section red tracer; dummy fuze; 174 g; MV 720 m/sЧитати далі
Arsenal
Arsenal
Ammunition for 30 mm 2A42, 2A38 and 2A72
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Iran
Ammunition for 30 mm 2A42, 2A38 and 2A72
Armament 30 mm 2A42 cannon fitted to BMP-2 and Sarath ( India ) MIFVs and Bulgarian BMP-30 IFV; 30 mm 2A72 cannon fitted to BMP-3 IFV; 30 mm 2A38 and 2A38M cannon mounted on the 2S6 quad 30 mm/SA-19 2K22 Tunguska self-propelled air defence system; 2A38 cannon mounted on Sosna twin-axle trainer; 30 mm 2A38M (GM) cannon mounted on Brams self-propelled air defence system ( Slovakia ); 30 mm M86 and M89 cannon ( Yugoslavia ). Development The 30 mm 2A42 dual-feed cannon first appeared in public during 1982. Intended to be used against lightly armoured targets at ranges up to 1,500 m, the 2A42 cannon is also for use against low-flying aerial targets such as helicopters. The 30 mm 2A42 has a dual-feed system and two rates of fire; the slowest is 200 - 300 rds/min while the faster rate is a minimum of 550 rds/min. By contrast the 30 mm 2A72 cannon is lighter and has a fixed fire rate of around 330 rds/min; the dual-feed feature is retained. The 2A38 and 2A38M air defence cannon have a rate of fire of 1,950 to 2,500 rds/min. The 30 mm ammunition for all these cannon is known to be in production in Russia , the Czech Republic , Slovakia , Ukraine and Yugoslavia , although it is probable that production has now ceased in the latter region. Oerlikon Contraves Pyrotec AG of Switzerland, are developing a 30 mm subcalibre family of ammunition for 2A42 cannon which is intended to defeat both air and ground targets. It is possible that some or all of these 30 mm rounds are already being produced in India . A new munitions plant is being built at Bolangir in Eastern India which, when fully operational, will be able to produce `substantial quantities' of 30 mm ammunition every year. Description 30 × 165 mm ammunition for the 2A42 cannon is fixed. The projectile is rigidly secured to the tapered cartridge case by two rows of spaced crimps engaging in cannelures in the projectile. The projectiles have a pronounced `waist' just behind the bourrelet and forward of the drive bands, which can be either copper/gilding metal or sintered iron. Cartridge cases for 2A42 guns are usually lacquered or corrosion-treated steel and contain 6/7P-5 BPfl propellant. Rounds are fed into the cannon involved, joined together with 9H623 stamped steel links. HE-I (OFZ, also known as HEFI) projectiles carry 123 g of A-IX-2 (desensitised RDX/Aluminium) explosive and are fitted with A-670M point-detonating fuzes with a self-destruct device functioning between 7.5 and 14.5 seconds, although some manufacturers quote between 13 and 19 seconds. Tracer burn time is not less than 3.5 seconds and may be as long as 4.5 seconds. An HE-T (also known as FT) round also exists, with the tracer element burning for at least 9 seconds. The AP-T (BT) projectile weighs 400 g, contains 127 g of explosive and is stated to be able to penetrate up to 18 mm of armour plate set at 60º at a range of 1,000 m (25 mm at 750 m). Penetration at the maximum effective range of 1,500 m is 15 mm, or 20 mm at 700 m. The tracer element burns for 3 seconds. There is also an APDS-T round with a tungsten-based alloy subprojectile, also known as HVAP, with a muzzle velocity of 1,120 m/s and an armour penetration capability of 25 mm of armour plate set at 60º at a range of 1,500 m. The armour-piercing sub-projectile weighs 222 g. The tracer element burns for 1.5 seconds. This round is also referred to as a `Kerner' cartridge. All cartridge cases are lacquered or corrosion-treated (usually zinc plated) steel and contain 125 g of pyroxyline powder propellant ignited by a KV-3 primer. The cases are 164 mm long and weigh 328 g. 30 mm 2A42 ammunition produced in the Russian Federation and Associated States (CIS) is intended for operation over a temperature range of -50 to +50ºC. TP, TP-T and inert drill rounds are available for both the HE-I and AP rounds. Authorised fuzes HE-I and HE-T, PD A-670M Equivalent rounds BULGARIA BULGARIA Manufacturer Arsenal Type: HE-T OT, HEI OFT, AP-T BT Description: HE-T OT complete round weighs 833 g with projectile 389 g containing 118 g of A-IX-2; muzzle velocity 940-960 m/s. HEI OFT has A-670 nose fuze and contains 123 g of A-IX-2; muzzle velocity 950-970 m/s. AP-T weighs 853 g with projectile 400 g; muzzle velocity 960-980 m/s. Manufacturer Arminex plc Type: AP-T, HEI, TP Description: Standard specifications CZECH REPUBLIC Manufacturer MOEX Vlárské stronjirny Slavicin Type: HE-T, TP-HE-T, HE-I, AP-T Description: Developed by Prototypa, sp Brno in co-operation with VZU(A) 010 PVVV Slavicin, these rounds differ in some respect from the RFAS original specification, especially the AP-T which can penetrate up to 36 mm of armour set at 0º at 1,000 m. Propellant loads are of the order of 120 to 128 g, using an unspecified type of propellant producing a lower than usual pressure curve IRAN Manufacturer Defence Industries Organisation Type: AP-T, HEI-T Description: Intended for firing from 2A42 cannon. Weights vary considerably from standard as complete round weight given as 830 g for both natures and projectile weight for both as 120 g SLOVAKIA Manufacturer Zavody vseobecneho strojarstva Type: Jalovec (TP-T) Description: Length of round 291.8 mm and complete round weight 835 g. Muzzle velocity 960 m/s with tracer burning for 6 seconds. The projectile has a self-destruct element Manufacturer ZVS JSC Type: JPSv APFSDS-T Description: For 2A42 cannon. Penetrator has chrome-molybdenum steel tip. Can penetrate 200 mm of RHA at 150 m. No further details available. Manufacturer ZVS JSC Type: JOSv HE-T Description: For 2A42 cannon . Effective range given as up to 11,000 m. Impact fuze also has a self-destruct function. No further information available. Manufacturer ZVS JSC Type: TP JOCvSv and TP-T JNhSv Description: TP JOCvSv has an A-390 fuze modified to ensure the projectile self-destructs via two independent trains at a range of up to 5,000 m; the round is effective ballistically up to 2,500 m. The A-390 fuze has no impact function. The TP-T JNhSv has a dummy fuze and an inert filling. SWITZERLAND Manufacturer Oerlikon Contraves Pyrotec AG Type: FAPDS-T, APFSDS-T Description: Under development. FAPDS-T PMC 304 for soft and lightly armoured targets; MV 1,220 m/s; projectile weight 235 g; APFSDS-T PMC 303 reportedly with `excellent' performance against armoured targets; MV 1,325 m/s; projectile weight 195 g and TPFDS-T PMC 324 for training; MV 1,250 m/s; projectile weight 210g. RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND ASSOCIATED STATES (CIS) Manufacturer SSIE `PRIBOR' Type: HE-I, HE-T, AP-T, APDS-T Description: Standard specifications as in text and Specifications table Manufacturer VO GED, General Export for Defence Type: HE-I, HE-T, AP-T, APDS-T Description: Standard specifications as in text and Specifications table TATARSTAN Manufacturer Federal State Unitary Enterprise 'Zavod Imeni Sergo' Type: HEFI, AP-T, F-T, APDS-T (HVAP) Description: Standard specifications as in text and Specifications table UKRAINE Manufacturer MINMASHPROM Type: HE-T, TP-HE-T, HE-I Description: Standard specifications as in text and Specifications table. Note that APDS-T is not produced YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: HE-I-T, HE-I, HE, HE-T, AP-T, AP, TP-T, TP Description: Probably no longer in production but in service with the armed forces of Serbia and Montenegro. Can be used with 30 mm M86 and M89 cannonЧитати далі
Arsenal
Arsenal
Cartridge, 40 mm: L/60 PFHE
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Brazil
Cartridge, 40 mm: L/60 PFHE
Armament All 40 mm L/60 Bofors Guns. Development The 40 mm L/60 PFHE round is the L/60 counterpart to the 40 mm L/70 PFHE (qv). It was developed by Bofors AB to provide 40 mm L/60 Bofors Gun users with a capability to update the weapons for use against fast low-flying strike aircraft, helicopter and missile targets. The 40 mm L/60 PFHE makes use of the considerable experience gained during the development and use of the 40 mm L/70 PFHE and employs a second-generation proximity fuze. As far as is known this round has yet to enter series production. Description The 40 mm L/60 PFHE is a fixed round with a brass cartridge case. The cartridge case is crimped rigidly to the projectile by two 360º crimping bands. A copper drive band encircles the projectile just above the cartridge case/projectile junction. The 40 mm L/60 PFHE projectile follows the same general lines as the 40 mm L/70 PFHE (see separate entry), and uses a curved base (`duck-tailed') shell body manufactured from a special high-fragmentation steel. The explosive content is 90 g of Octol. The shell interior walls are lined with a total of 600 spherical tungsten carbide pellets, each 3 mm in diameter. The forward end of the streamlined projectile is occupied by the proximity fuze which operates on the Doppler principle. The fuze has an automatic sensitivity control preventing initiation of the fuze by surface objects and sea or ground reflections when passing over them at the low altitudes, produced by low gun barrel elevation angles. The fuze also has a high-sensitivity electrical impact function and an electrical self-destruct device, together with delayed arming and bore and muzzle safeties. In the event of a proximity burst the Octol charge produces a very high blast effect. The shell body fragments while the blast also spreads the 600 tungsten carbide spheres. Due to their high initial velocity and high inertia, the pellets are capable of inflicting great damage to aircraft and missile components at ranges of up to several metres. This is in addition to the damage caused by the shell body fragments. The effective range against aircraft and helicopters is up to 5.5 m and against missiles 1 to 2 m. This provides an increased on-target effect up to 12 times and a greatly increased target area when compared to point detonating ammunition. The brass cartridge case, which can be reused several times if required, has a semi-rimmed base and is fitted with an M80 percussion primer. The propellant charge is flash reduced NC 1281 single-base nitrocellulose powder producing a muzzle velocity of 860 m/s. The 40 mm L/60 PFHE ballistics match those of other 40 mm L/60 projectiles. Authorised fuzes Integral proximity fuze, see text Equivalent rounds BRAZIL BRAZIL Manufacturer FI Indústria e Comércio Ltda Type: PFHE Description: Standard specificationsЧитати далі
Cartridge, 40 mm: L/70 HCHE
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Brazil
Cartridge, 40 mm: L/70 HCHE
Armament All 40 mm L/70 Bofors Guns including: 40 mm L/70 BOFI; TRINITY; SAK 40 L/70 ; L/70 Combat Vehicle Gun (40/70 B); Otobreda Twin 40L70 Field Mounting ; Otobreda Twin 40L70 Compact naval mounting; Otobreda Twin Fast Forty naval mounting; Boeing Company Bushmaster IV. TRIDON 40 mm L/70 self-propelled air defence gun. Development The 40 mm L/70 High Capacity High Explosive (HCHE) is a further development of the standard Bofors L/70 HE-T round, intended as a multipurpose projectile with good anti-armour effects. It is no longer in regular production in Sweden as Bofors AB now considers the 40 mm L/70 MPT (see separate entry) to be a more viable and effective round. Other nations, however, continue to deploy the L/70 HCHE. Description The 40 mm L/70 HCHE is a fixed round with a brass cartridge case. The cartridge case is crimped rigidly to the projectile by two 360º crimping bands. A copper drive band encircles the projectile just above the cartridge case/projectile junction. The 40 mm L/70 HCHE projectile uses a special grade of steel, strong enough to penetrate armour plate up to approximately 20 mm thick without being damaged beyond utility. The explosive contents are 165 g of Octonal with an aluminium additive to increase the incendiary effects, all ignited by a nose-mounted Fz 104 M12 point detonating fuze with a delay element. The delay ensures that the maximum blast, fragmentation and incendiary effects can be obtained on and inside a target. The drawn 70:30 brass cartridge case has a semi-rimmed base and is fitted with a percussion primer with a sinoxide detonator. The propellant used is a low-erosion, flash reduced, single-base nitrocellulose tubular powder (NC 1066) producing a muzzle velocity of 1,030 m/s. Authorised fuzes PD Fz 104 M12 Equivalent rounds BRAZIL BRAZIL Manufacturer FI Indústria e Comércio Ltda Type: HCHE Description: Standard specifications. AP-T, TP-T and Spotter rounds also produced Manufacturer EMGEPROM Type: HCHE Description: Standard specifications. Produced for Brazilian Navy . SPAIN Manufacturer EXPAL SA Type: HCHE Description: Standard specificationsЧитати далі
Cartridge, 40 mm: L/70 AP-T
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Brazil
Cartridge, 40 mm: L/70 AP-T
Armament All 40 mm L/70 Bofors Guns including: 40 mm L/70 BOFI; TRINITY; SAK 40 L/70 ; L/70 Combat Vehicle Gun (40/70 B); Otobreda Twin 40L70 Field Mounting ; Otobreda Twin 40L70 Compact naval mounting; Otobreda Twin Fast Forty naval mounting; Boeing Company Bushmaster IV. TRIDON 40 mm L/70 self-propelled air defence gun. Development The 40 mm L/70 AP-T is no longer available from Bofors AB as it considers developments such as the 40 mm L/70 MPT rounds (qv) are now more effective for the attack of armoured targets. However, several other manufacturers continue to offer 40 mm L/70 AP-T which may be regarded as an upgraded version of the 40 mm L/60 AP-T. At one time Bofors also produced an L/70 APC-T with a small amount of explosive inside a recess in the base. This round is no longer available. Description The 40 mm L/70 AP-T is a fixed round with the projectile crimped rigidly to the brass cartridge case by two 360º crimping bands. A copper drive band encircles the projectile just above the cartridge case/projectile junction. The Bofors 40 mm L/70 AP-T projectile has a forged hardened steel penetrator body with the nose cap of cold-rolled steel covered by a thin steel windshield crimped onto the penetrator body. The base of the projectile is machined to accept a tracer element which burns for at least 4 seconds after firing. The drawn 70:30 brass cartridge case has a semi-rimmed base and is fitted with a percussion primer with a sinoxide detonator. Propellant loads vary from manufacturer to manufacturer but the usual load is approximately 480 to 485 g of a flash-reduced, single-base nitrocellulose powder (NC 1066), producing a muzzle velocity of 1,025 m/s. The 40 mm L/70 AP-T can penetrate from 40 to 50 mm of armour plate set at an angle of 60º at a range of 100 to 150 m. Authorised fuzes None involved Equivalent rounds BRAZIL BRAZIL Manufacturer EMGEPROM Type: AP-T Description: Standard specifications. Produced for Brazilian Navy . FRANCE Manufacturer Giat Industries Type: AP-T Description: Standard specifications ITALY Manufacturer Simmel Difesa SpA Type: AP-T Description: Standard specifications KOREA, SOUTH Manufacturer Poonsang Corporation Type: AP-T K219 Description: Brass K7 case containing KNC873 propellant ignited by KM/39SX percussion primer. Overall cartridge length 502.5 mm. Otherwise standard specifications. YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: AP-T Description: May no longer be in production. Standard specificationsЧитати далі
Simmel difesa
Simmel difesa
0.44-40 Winchester
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Brazil
0.44-40 Winchester
Synonyms 0.44-40 WCF Armament Suitably chambered revolvers and sporting rifles. Development Introduced in 1873 with the Winchester 73 lever-action rifle and carbine. It was then adopted for a Colt revolver, after which almost every gunmaker produced either rifles or revolvers or both. Its ability to function as a personal defence cartridge in a revolver and a medium game cartridge in a rifle gave it universal acceptance in the western USA, but it has seen less acceptance in Europe other than in weapons intended for export to the USA. The cartridge has regained some of its original popularity in recent years for use in rifles, carbines and revolvers. Description A rimmed, brass case with slight bottleneck, Boxer primed. Every type of bullet, from spherical ball to FMJ and birdshot has been loaded into this cartridge at one time or another. BRAZIL Manufacturer CBC Magtech Type: Ball: Lead, flat tip; 12.96 g; MV 368 m/s UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Manufacturer Black Hills Ammunition Company Type: Ball: Lead FP; 12.96 g; MV 244 m/s Manufacturer Remington Arms Company Inc Type: Rifle Ball: JSP; 12.96 g; MV 399 m/s Pistol Ball: JSP; 12.96 g; MV 297 m/s Manufacturer Winchester-Olin Type: Rifle Ball: JSP; 13 g; MV 399 m/s Pistol Ball: JSP; 13 g; MV 297 m/sЧитати далі
60 mm HE bomb TIR 60 AE M3
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Brazil
60 mm HE bomb TIR 60 AE M3
Armament All types of 60 mm mortars. Development By CEV for general use. Description The bomb body is of cast iron and the usual teardrop shape, with a steel tail unit and six fins screwed into the rear of the body. The propelling charge consists of a shotgun type primary cartridge in the tail tube and four secondary charges which clip to the fins. Manufacturer Companhia de Explosivos Valparaiba.Читати далі
81 mm HE bomb TIR AE M4
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Brazil
81 mm HE bomb TIR AE M4
Armament All 81 mm mortars. Development By CEV , based broadly on the US M43 pattern. Description A teardrop-shaped bomb in cast iron, with four gas check rings around the bourrelet and a welded steel tail unit. A primary cartridge fits into the tail tube and up to four increments can be clipped between the fins, and a further two fitted around the tail tube in horseshoe containers. Manufacturer Companhia de Explosivos Valparaiba.Читати далі
81 mm HE bomb TIR AE M7
Боєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєнняБоєприпаси, ракети та високоточне озброєння
Brazil
81 mm HE bomb TIR AE M7
Armament All 81 mm mortars. Development By CEV . Description This is a more modern design of the long streamlined bomb, with an aluminium alloy tail unit. The longer shape and greater weight give it a better ballistic performance and greater lethality than the M4 bomb. There is a primary cartridge in the tail tube and six increments that clip round the tail tube in horseshoe containers. Manufacturer Companhia de Explosivos Valparaiba.Читати далі
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