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Defense Products Catalog — Page 141

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M42 120 mm practice bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Israel
M42 120 mm practice bomb
Armament All 120 mm smoothbore mortars. Development By Soltam, from Tampella original for Israeli service. Description This uses the same body, tail unit and propelling charge system as the HE M48 bomb but differs internally. The body is almost entirely filled with inert ballast, leaving only sufficient space for a small spotting charge. This is exploded on impact and provides sufficient smoke to permit observation and correction of fire. Manufacturer Soltam Ltd.Read More
M68 120 mm smoke bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Israel
M68 120 mm smoke bomb
Armament All 120 mm smoothbore mortars. Development By Soltam Systems. Description This bomb is to the same external shape as the HE M57 bomb described previously, the only difference being in the internal filling. A short burster tube fits into the head of the bomb and carries a burster charge. The cavity of the bomb body is filled with White Phosphorus (WP), which is liberated when the burster explodes and breaks the bomb body. The WP will inflame spontaneously on contact with the air, creating a dense white smoke with incendiary effects. Manufacturer Soltam Ltd.Read More
M98 120 mm HE bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Israel
M98 120 mm HE bomb
Armament All 120 mm smoothbore mortars. Development By Soltam to meet a US Army requirement; it was type classified by the US Army in 1991 (as M745) and used by Israeli and other forces. Description A streamlined bomb with forged steel body and alloy tail unit. The propelling charge system consists of a primary cartridge and four equal sized secondary increments. Manufacturer Soltam Ltd.Read More
M100 120 mm extended range HE bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Israel
M100 120 mm extended range HE bomb
Armament Any 120 mm smoothbore mortar. Development By Soltam Systems. Description An advanced configuration bomb with streamlined body and excellent ballistic performance. The body is made of forged steel with a plastic obturating ring behind the bourrelet. The propelling system consists of a primary cartridge in the tail and secondary increments around the tailboom. Manufacturer Soltam Ltd.Read More
M110 120 mm extended range smoke bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Israel
M110 120 mm extended range smoke bomb
Armament Any 120 mm smoothbore mortar. Development By Soltam. Description This has the same external shape as the HE M100 bomb, the only difference being in the internal filling. A short burster tube fits into the head of the bomb and carries a burster charge. The cavity of the bomb body is filled with White Phosphorus (WP), which is liberated when the burster charge explodes and breaks open the bomb body. The WP then inflames spontaneously on contact with the air, creating a dense smoke cloud with incendiary effects. Manufacturer Soltam Ltd.Read More
M57 120 mm HE bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Israel
M57 120 mm HE bomb
Armament All 120 mm smoothbore mortars. Development By Soltam. Description A forged steel body of modern streamlined pattern with a plastic obturating ring behind the bourrelet. An extruded aluminium tail unit is screwed into the bomb body. The propelling system consists of a primary cartridge in the tail and seven secondary increments in cloth rayon bags around the tailboom. Manufacturer Soltam Ltd.Read More
M4 160 mm HE bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Israel
M4 160 mm HE bomb
Armament 160 mm Soltam and Tampella mortars. Development By Soltam for mortars in Israeli service. Description A forged steel streamlined bomb with light-alloy tail unit. The secondary charges, formed as split rings in fabric covers fitting around the tailboom, are of a smaller diameter than the bomb so there is no danger of them touching a hot barrel. There is no danger of a cook-off even with barrel temperatures as high as 650ºC. Manufacturer Soltam Ltd.Read More
M18 160 mm smoke bombs
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Israel
M18 160 mm smoke bombs
Armament 160 mm Soltam and Tampella mortars. Development By Soltam for mortars in Israeli service. Description These bombs use the same body, tail unit and propelling charge as the M4 HE bomb (qv) but differ in their internal arrangements. The nose of the bomb is closed by an adaptor which supports a central exploder tube and receives the fuze. Around the exploder the body cavity is filled with either White Phosphorus (WP) or titanium tetrachloride (FM) composition. In addition to its screening smoke role, the WP bomb is also useful as a night ranging round. Manufacturer Soltam Ltd.Read More
AVIBRAS ASTROS II rockets
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Iraq
AVIBRAS ASTROS II rockets
Armament AVIBRAS ASTROS II MRS. Development Brazil's first AVIBRAS ASTROS II MRS were produced during 1983, together with its associated armoured truck-mounted fire-control centres and other support vehicles. Despite being produced in significant numbers for export to Iraq , Qatar and Saudi Arabia (an estimated 60 launchers), as well as for the Brazilian Army (six launchers and three reload vehicles), relatively few details have been published regarding the ASTROS II (Artillery SaTuration ROcket System) rockets themselves, so known details of all four types are included in this one section. There are four ASTROS II rocket calibres, 127, 180 and two 300 mm, all fired from the same launcher vehicle but with suitably configured launch module arrangements. A coastal defence version of the AVIBRAS ASTROS II MRS has been proposed, with two batteries having been ordered by the Brazilian Army. Unconfirmed reports have indicated that production of the ASTROS II SS-60 rocket (see below in this entry) has been undertaken at the Al-Kharj military complex in Saudi Arabia , but no firm details are available. Saudi Arabia is understood to have about 60 ASTROS II MRS launchers. Other known ASTROS II purchasers are Iraq and Libya . Description All four ASTROS II rockets are understood to have extruded double-base propellant rocket motors. The smallest of the ASTROS II rockets is the 127 mm SS-30 fired from a 32-tube launcher. Each wraparound folding fin-stabilised rocket is 3.9 m long and weighs 68 kg. Maximum range is 30,000 m and minimum 9,000 m. A high-explosive warhead is fitted. The 180 mm SS-40 is fired from 16-tube launchers. Stabilised in flight by four wraparound tailfins, the SS-40 is 4.2 m long and weighs 152 kg. Maximum range is 35,000 m and minimum 15,000 m. Although a high-explosive warhead can be fitted to the SS-40, the normal warhead contains 20 dual-purpose bomblets. Each anti-personnel/anti-armour bomblet is 390 mm high and 130 mm in diameter, with a ribbon streamer to stabilise the bomblet during the descent phase and also arm the mechanical impact fuze. The third of the ASTROS II rockets is the 300 mm SS-60 launched from four-tube launchers. The wraparound folding tailfin stabilisation method as used with the smaller ASTROS II rockets is retained, with the overall length being 5.6 m. Weight of the SS-60 is 595 kg, 212 kg of which is the cluster warhead containing 65 of the same dual-purpose bomblets used with the SS-40. Maximum range is 60,000 m and minimum 20,000 m. In 1995 the 300 mm SS-80 was announced. Outwardly resembling the SS-60 and having the same weight, the SS-80 has a maximum range of 90,000 m and a minimum range of 22,000 m, implying that the SS-80 has a totally different rocket motor to the earlier model. Rocket weight is 595 kg. No details have yet been released regarding the SS-80 warhead although it is assumed that is the same as that for the SS-60. In 1991, three extra types of warhead content were introduced for the 180 mm SS-40 and 300 mm SS-60. One is an HEI filled with White Phosphorus (WP). The second is a minescattering warhead containing either anti-personnel mines with an effective radius of 30 m, anti-matériel mines able to penetrate 100 mm of armour on contact or up to 20 mm of mild steel at distances of more than 100 m, or anti-armour mines capable of penetrating more than 120 mm of armour plate. The third type of warhead contains various types of delayed action fuzed TNT filled airfield denial munitions capable of penetrating concrete. AVIBRAS was at one time developing the SS-300, with a reported range of 300,000 m and a warhead weighing 1,000 kg. Preliminary engine tests were carried out but all development was later suspended. Authorised fuzes No information available Equivalent rockets IRAQ IRAQ Manufacturer State factories Type: 127 mm Sajeel 30, 180 mm Sajeel 40, 300 mm Sajeel 60 Description: Equivalent to ASTROS II SS-30, SS-40 and SS-60 respectively. Probably no longer in productionRead More
DM111
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Iran
DM111
Armament 51 to 160 mm smoothbore mortar bombs. Development By Iranian ordnance to meet Iranian Army requirements. Description This is a close copy of the original Junghans DM111 produced for the German military. Detailed information on its functioning may be found under the DM111A4 entry, which is similar. In addition to mortar bombs, the Iranian military also uses this as a rocket fuze. Manufacturer Iranian Armaments factories.Read More
RO Defence 120 mm tank gun ammunition
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Iran
RO Defence 120 mm tank gun ammunition
Armament 120 mm L11 tank gun; 120 mm L30A1 (CHARM) tank gun. Development British 120 mm tank guns are rifled as opposed to the smoothbores of the Rheinmetall DeTec and similar 120 mm tank guns. The first service version of the current 120 mm guns was the L11. The L11 was fitted to the Chieftain series and Challenger 1 MBTs (the earlier Conqueror used an entirely different gun and ammunition family) and was developed to the L11A5 stage. Development work was also carried out on a series of next-generation `Modern Technology' tank guns, which resulted in the 120 mm L30A1 (CHARM - CHallenger ARMament) gun fitted to the Challenger 2 MBT and, at one time, destined to be retrofitted to the Challenger 1 . The L30A1 gun can continue to fire the existing range of Royal Ordnance (now BAE Systems , RO Defence) 120 mm ammunition (apart from the APDS L15) and new high-performance APFSDS projectiles. However, the L30 gun uses a new propellant charge system, the L14, to fire APFSDS. The L14 propellant system, which is based on rigid Combustible Case Charges (CCC), was modified to allow it to be used operationally with L11 guns during Operation Granby/Desert Storm. The code word for this project was Jericho. Description All RO Defence 120 mm tank gun ammunition is manually separate loaded, although the bundled stick propellant charges may be loaded in either calico bags or as rigid thin-walled CCC; at one time bagged charges were used for all types of projectile. All charges are ignited electrically via vent tubes fed from a vent tube loader. The vent tubes may be the L3 for the L11 gun or L4 for the L30 gun. The main types of projectile involved are as follows: APFSDS L23 This is the main projectile used for the attack of armour and involves a monobloc tungsten nickel copper long rod penetrator carried in a light alloy sabot. The penetrator rod uses six aluminium fins. The projectile assembly is fired using an L8 CCC containing 6.65 kg of AX/S64-20 triple-base propellant in stick form. It can also be fired using a modified L14 CCC. Muzzle velocity is 1,534 m/s and the maximum effective range is given as 3,500 m. APFSDS L26 Originally the XL26E1, this projectile is intended for use in the 55 calibre L30 gun currently used on the Challenger 2 MBT and, at one time, intended to be retrofitted to the Challenger 1 . The original CHARM 1 system version of this projectile used a Depleted Uranium (DU) penetrator rod. For the L30 gun the L26 is fired using the L14A1 or L14A2 CCC which contains RDX-based propellant in stick form. This projectile can also be fired from L11 guns using the L8 or L12 charges. The total weight of this projectile is 8.5 kg and it is 525 mm long overall. APFSDS L27 This is known as the CHARM 3 APFSDS, with a greater Depleted Uranium (DU) penetrator length-to-diameter ratio than earlier models and is thus `significantly more effective'. Integration development of the CHARM 3 round began during the early 1990s but was delayed from 1997 onwards by a lack of ranges suitable for firing trials within the UK. Even so the APFSDS L27A1 became available for service with British Army Challenger 2 MBT regiments during 1999, ahead of the planned schedule. The L27A1 is fired using the L16A1 CCC. A competition to provide a CHARM 3 Training Round (C3TR) for the L27 was won by RO Defence at the end of 1999. The 120 mm C3TR consists of a charge and a saboted projectile assembly and, following development, is manufactured at Birtley and Glascoed. APFSDS L28 This is basically a L27A1 round with the DU penetrator replaced by a tungsten-nickel-iron component manufactured by RO Speciality Metals. The propellant charge remains the L16A1 CCC filled with FX insensitive propellant. The APFSDS L28 was developed specifically for Challenger 2 L30A1 tank guns but could be fired from the earlier Challenger 1 L11 gun following fire-control system modifications and alterations to the ammunition stowage to accommodate the increased round length compared to that of the L23 round. The L28 is not yet in production. APDS L15 The APDS round was the original anti-armour element of the 120 mm L11 series tank gun ammunition family. While it has been largely replaced as the primary anti-armour round by APFSDS rounds the APDS L15 remains a potent armour-piercing munition with a high hit probability at combat ranges; it has been estimated that the APDS L15 can penetrate 355 mm of armour at 1,000 m. The subprojectile is stated to be capable of penetrating the armour of most current MBTs at battle ranges. The APDS L15 uses a dense tungsten alloy penetrator subprojectile carried in a light alloy sabot. The projectile assembly is fired using the L4 CCC which contains 8.4 kg of NQ/S53-12 propellant. Muzzle velocity is 1,370 m/s. 120 mm APDS L15 is not fired from the L30 gun. DS/T Prac L20A1 This is a relatively low-cost training projectile with the subprojectile penetrator made from steel with a light alloy nose. The DS/T Prac L20A1 subprojectile matches the trajectory of the APDS L15 out to 1,100 m, after which it requires a much smaller safety trace than the operational L15 subprojectile (the L20A1 also extends barrel life). The L20A1 can also be used as a training equivalent to the APFSDS L23 out to a range of 2,000 m. The DS/T Prac L20A1 is fired using the L5 CCC which contains 5.16 kg of NQ/S27-09 propellant. Muzzle velocity is 1,451 m/s. British Army consumption of the DS/T L20A1 was forecast to run at about 60,000 units per year until 1998. HESH L31 The HESH L31 is employed as a general purpose round with a good anti-armour performance as it is capable of defeating a NATO heavy single target at all ranges up to a maximum of 8,500 m; it can also be used in the indirect fire role. The projectile consists of a thin-walled projectile with a rounded ogive filled with 4.2 kg of RDX/Wax explosive detonated by a base percussion fuze. As with other projectiles of its nature, when the HESH L31 projectile strikes a target the thin walls collapse to allow the explosive to be spread over the surface of the target before the base fuze functions. The resultant detonation creates shock waves which force off a large high-velocity scab of material from the inner surface of the target armour. The latter capability makes the HESH L31 projectile effective against fortifications and structures as well as armoured targets. The HESH L31 is fired using the L3 bag charge containing 3.04 kg of NQ/S27-09 triple-base propellant. Muzzle velocity is 670 m/s. SH/Prac L32A6 This training projectile is used to simulate the operational HESH L31 which it matches ballistically. The SH/Prac L32A6 is available in a completely inert form, filled with an inert HE substitute (a composition of calcium sulphate and castor oil), or an inert HE substitute plus a live fuze and a flash pellet for spotting purposes. Four small tracers are housed in the projectile base. As with the HESH L31, the SH/Prac L32A6 is fired using the L3 bag charge containing 3.04 kg of NQ/S27-09 propellant. Muzzle velocity is 670 m/s. British Army consumption of the SH/Prac L32A6 was forecast to run at about 20,000 units per year until 1998. WP Smoke L34 In visual appearance and ballistic performance, the WP Smoke L34 matches the HESH L31. It is a bursting type of smoke projectile with which an internal burster charge is used to break open the projectile's steel walls to release the White Phosphorus (WP) contents weighing 4.2 kg. The WP then rapidly creates a visually opaque smoke screen which lasts for at least 30 seconds, depending on the ambient weather conditions. The WP Smoke L34 is fired using the L3 bag charge containing 3.04 kg of NQ/S27-09 propellant. Muzzle velocity is 670 m/s. If required, the SH/Prac L32 can be used as a training projectile for the WP Smoke L34. A Canister projectile was developed for use with the L11 gun but it was not placed in production. It was fired using the L3 bag charge and discharged pellets lethal against unprotected personnel up to a range of 200 m from the gun muzzle. Drill ammunition, consisting of inert projectiles and charges, is available. Authorised fuzes APFSDS and APDS - none involved HESH and WP Smoke - BD, type not specified Equivalent rounds IRAN IRAN Manufacturer Defence Industries Organisation, Ammunition Division Type: 120 mm HESH Description: Understood to be based on HESH L31 but projectile weight given as 16.65 kg containing 3.55 kg of an unspecified explosive. Propellant weight is 2.73 kg and muzzle velocity 670 m/s. Maximum range is 2,530 m. Base fuze given as BZ 120Read More
Projectile, 155 mm: Illumination, M118 Series
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Iran
Projectile, 155 mm: Illumination, M118 Series
Armament M1A1 Cannon for M114/M114A1 Towed Howitzer; M1A2 Cannon for M114A2 Towed Howitzer; M199 Cannon for M198 Towed Howitzer; M126/M126A1 Cannon for M109 Self-propelled Howitzer; M185 Cannon for M109A1 to M109A4 series of self-propelled howitzers; M284 Cannon for M109A5 and M109A6 Paladin self-propelled howitzers; XM777 Lightweight Towed Howitzer. The 155 mm Illumination M118 series can also be fired from the following artillery weapons: NORICUM GH N-45 Gun-Howitzer; CITEFA CALA 30/2; Patria Vammas M-83 and 155 GH 52 howitzers; Giat Industries TR and 155/52 guns and M114F Howitzer; Field Howitzer FH-70 ; Soltam Model 839P and 845P towed howitzers, M-71 Gun-Howitzer , M-68 Gun-Howitzer, M-46 Field Gun, and M114S Howitzer; Hadid 155 mm Howitzer HM41 ( Iran ); Otobreda 155/39 TM Howitzer; KH179 Howitzer ( South Korea ); RDM M139 and M139/39 howitzers; STK FH-88 and FH-2000 Gun-Howitzers; LIW G5; SITECSA 155/45 ST 012 Gun-Howitzer; SANTA BARBARA SB 155/39 and 155/52 APU SBT-1 Howitzers, M114 155/45 and M114 155/39 conversions; Bofors FH-77B Howitzer; Bison Fortress Gun (Switzerland); T65 Howitzer and Extended Range Gun ( Taiwan ); 155 mm/52-calibre Howitzer ( Turkey ); M46/84 Gun and M65 Howitzer (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ). The 155 mm Illumination M118 series can also be fired from the self-propelled artillery weapons: TAMSE VCA ( Argentina ); PZL45 ( PRC ); Giat Industries GCT and CAESAR 155/52; PzH 2000 (Germany); M44T (Germany); Soltam Rascal, Slammer and L33; Hadid 155 mm Self-propelled Cannon HM44 Thunder 2 ( Iran ); Otobreda Palmaria and M109L ; Type 75 ( Japan ); K9 Thunder( South Korea ); ZTS ZUZANA ( Slovakia ); LIW G6; SFAW M109 Upgrade (Switzerland); XT-69 ( Taiwan ); SP2000 ( Turkey ); AS90 and Braveheart (UK); UD 155 mm/52-calibre International Howitzer (USA). Development The M118 series of 155 mm illuminating projectiles were developed for battlefield illumination during the Second World War, originally for use with the towed 155 mm Howitzer M1. Although still in service and production, they have been largely superseded by later illuminating projectiles such as the 155 mm Illumination M485A1 and M485A2 (see following entry) in both ballistic and illumination terms. The 155 mm Illumination M118A2 series is now the only version likely to be used by the US armed forces. The German Army equivalents to the 155 mm Illumination M118 series are the DM 16A1 and the DM 26. The Bofors 155 mm JUSTUS illuminating projectile was based on the design of the 155 mm Illumination M118; the 155 mm JUSTUS is no longer in production. Description The most commonly encountered member of the 155 mm Illumination M118 series is the 155 mm Illumination M118A2. This is a separate loading illuminating munition with a hollow steel shell, a relatively blunt ogive and straight sides. A steel base plug is held secured to the shell body by shear and twist pins and a gilding metal drive band encircles the projectile close to the base. A threaded lifting plug is screwed into the fuze well in the nose cavity during storage, transport and handling. The hollow shell interior contains an expulsion (ejection) charge, a canister assembly and a parachute assembly. In operation a nose-mounted MTSQ M501 series fuze functions (ideally at a height above ground of around 640 m), igniting the 53.5 g expulsion charge, contained in a tube running from the fuze, to a perforated baffle plate positioned on top of the canister assembly. The charge creates internal pressure which enables the canister assembly to rupture the shear and twist pins in the base and drive off the base plug. The canister assembly is then ejected from the base. The expulsion charge also ignites the 1.95 kg of illuminating compound inside the canister via a small `first-fire' charge. At the same time a centre wire, essentially part of the parachute suspension system, passes through a hole in the centre of the canister to a release sleeve soldered on to the wire. The burning illuminant melts the solder so that the release sleeve functions, releases the wire and enables the parachute to deploy and suspend the flare body to burn for approximately 60 seconds with an intensity approaching 1 Mcd. The 155 mm Illumination M118 projectiles are fired using M3A1/M4A2 bagged charges and M119/M119A1 unitary charges only. The M203 charge is not used. The Propelling Charge M3A1 is a green bag charge using 2.495 kg of M1 propellant divided into a base charge and four increments for firing as Charges 1 to 5. It has an M2 flash reducer pad (weighing 28.3 g) assembled in front of the base charge with similar pads assembled in front of increments 4 and 5. The increment bags are tied together by four cloth straps and a clean-burning igniter charge in a red cloth bag is sewn to the rear of the base charge. The complete charge is 406 mm long. The Propelling Charge M3 is similar to the M3A1 but lacks the M2 flash reducer pads and an 85 g charge of black powder is used in the igniter pad. It should be noted that Charge 1 cannot normally be used with the longer barrelled weapons. The Propelling Charge M4A2 is a white bag charge using 5.897 kg of M1 propellant divided into a base charge and four increments for firing as Charges 3 to 7. The increments are tied together by four cloth straps. A 96.4 g clean-burning igniter charge in a red cloth bag is sewn to the rear of the base section and an M2 flash reducer pad is assembled in front of the base charge. The complete charge is 533 mm long. The Propelling Charge M4A1 is similar to the M4A2 but does not contain the M2 flash reducer pad (although this can be added if required) and the base igniter contains black powder. The Propelling Charge M4 is a white bag charge differing from the M4A1 as it consists of a base charge and two increments only for firing as Charges 5 to 7. The M2 flash reducer pad is used with this charge. The M3 and M4 series of charges are fired using the MK2A4 or M82 primer. The M2 flash reducer pad used with these charges is a 101.6 mm square red cotton cloth bag containing black powder and potassium sulphate or potassium nitrate. The Propelling Charge M119 is a single white bag charge in a laced jacket fired as Charge 8. It has an igniter bag sewn onto the base and a flash reducer pad is located on the front of the bag; the forward end also contains lead foil as a decoppering agent. The M119 contains 8.62 kg of cool-burning M6 propellant with a central igniter consisting of a moulded nitrocellulose tube containing benite strands. The Propelling Charge M119A1 has some design improvements over the M119 including a modified ring-shaped flash reducer. When firing the 155 mm Illumination M118 series from the 155 mm M126/M126A1 Cannon used on the M109 self-propelled howitzer the following ballistic data is produced: Charge 1 (M3 green bag) - MV 200 m/s - range 2,600 m Charge 2 (M3 green bag) - MV 228 m/s - range 3,600 m Charge 3 (M3 green bag) - MV 259 m/s - range 4,700 m Charge 4 (M3 green bag) - MV 298 m/s - range 6,100 m Charge 5 (M3 green bag) - MV 355 m/s - range 7,800 m Charge 3 ( M4A1 white bag) - MV 270 m/s - range 5,100 m Charge 4 ( M4A1 white bag) - MV 309 m/s - range 6,500 m Charge 5 ( M4A1 white bag) - MV 360 m/s - range 8,000 m Charge 6 ( M4A1 white bag) - MV 443 m/s - range 9,700 m Charge 7 ( M4A1 white bag) - MV 536 m/s - range 11,600 m. When firing the 155 mm Illumination M118 series from the 155 mm M199 Cannon used on the M198 towed howitzer the following ballistic data is produced: Charge 2 ( M3A1 green bag) - MV 239.8 m/s - range 5,000 m Charge 3 ( M3A1 green bag) - MV 280.8 m/s - range 6,500 m Charge 4 ( M3A1 green bag) - MV 322.9 m/s - range 8,300 m Charge 5 ( M3A1 green bag) - MV 380.1 m/s - range 9,800 m Charge 3 (M4A2 white bag) - MV 296.5 m/s - range 7,200 m Charge 4 (M4A2 white bag) - MV 340.9 m/s - range 8,900 m Charge 5 (M4A2 white bag) - MV 398 m/s - range 10,300 m Charge 6 (M4A2 white bag) - MV 482 m/s - range 12,400 m Charge 7 (M4A2 white bag) - MV 574.3 m/s - range 14,800 m Charge 8 ( M119/M119A1 ) - 684.3 m/s - range 18,100 m. It is anticipated that future 155 mm propellant charge systems will involve the employment of the M231/XM232 Modular Artillery Charge System (MACS). Other nations are currently in the process of adopting similar modular charge systems. Authorised fuzes MTSQ M501 series Equivalent projectiles IRAN IRAN Manufacturer Defence Industries Organisation, Ammunition Group Type: 155 mm Illuminating Description: Believed to be based on M118 series. Weight 42 kg with maximum range 15,000 m ITALY Manufacturer Simmel Difesa SpA Type: 155 mm Illuminating IM160A2 Description: Similar to 155 mm Illumination M118A2. Flare unit (weight 2.15 kg) burns for approximately 70 seconds producing 1.2 Mcd. Projectile weight 46.25 kg SPAIN Manufacturer Barreiros Hermanos Internacional SA Type: 155 mm Illumination M118A2 Description: Standard US specifications TURKEY Manufacturer Makina ve Kimya Endüstrisi Kurumu ( MKEK ) Type: 155 mm Illumination M118A2 Description: Standard US specifications. No longer in production but available on requestRead More
Simmel difesa
Simmel difesa
81 mm smoke WP bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Iran
81 mm smoke WP bomb
Armament All 81 mm medium pressure mortars. Development Development history unknown; by Defence Industries Organisation, Ammunition Group. Description A symmetrical streamlined bomb of modern design, similar to the HE bomb described elsewhere. The body is of steel with four gas check rings, a tail boom assembly and eight stabilising fins. There are seven propelling increments surrounding the tail boom in addition to the internal initiating charge. Manufacturer Defence Industries Organisation, Ammunition Group.Read More
81 mm illuminating bomb M301A2
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Iran
81 mm illuminating bomb M301A2
Armament All medium pressure 81 mm mortars. Development Development history unknown. Probably copied from US designs by Defence Industries Organisation, Iran . Description A conventional cylindrical bodied illuminating bomb of steel, consisting of the body, a mechanical time fuze and a tapered rear portion containing the parachute with a screwed on tail boom assembly with 12 stabilising fins. There is a single propelling increment attached to the tail boom. The bomb appears virtually identical to the US M301 series illuminating bombs. The bomb also has what appears to be a direct copy of the US M84A1 time fuze. Manufacturer Defence Industries Organisation, Ammunition Group.Read More
120 mm smoke WP bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Iran
120 mm smoke WP bomb
Armament Any 120 mm smoothbore mortar. Development By Defence Industrial Organisation, development history unknown. Description The 120 mm white phosphorus smoke bomb is essentially similar in design to the 120 mm HE bomb described above except for payload and fuze. Manufacturer Defence Industrial Organisation, Ammunition Group.Read More
120 mm rocket assisted HE bomb
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Iran
120 mm rocket assisted HE bomb
Armament Any 120 mm smoothbore mortar. Development By Defence Industrial Organisation to provide an extended range HE bomb. History unknown. Description The bomb consists of a steel body, internal solid-fuel rocket motor and HE filling. The body is streamlined with a tail boom holding the initiating charge and nine horseshoe-shaped propellant increments. There are six evenly spaced gas check rings just behind the ogive. Once the bomb is fired and en route to its target, the rocket motor initiates during the final few seconds of the flight, adding approximately 4 km range over conventional bombs. When the motor fires, the tail boom separates from the body. Manufacturer Defence Industrial Organisation, Ammunition Group.Read More
120 mm Precision-Guided Mortar Munition (PGMM)
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
120 mm Precision-Guided Mortar Munition (PGMM)
Development In 1975, Diehl was awarded a contract by the former West German Ministry of Defence, to perform a feasibility study into a terminally guided mortar projectile. Bodensee Werk Geratetechnik, AEG and Eltro were also involved in the project. The projectile which resulted from this study was the Diehl Bussard (Buzzard). The objective of the study was to combine the advantages of traditional gun-launched projectiles with those of guided missiles. This would mean the resulting munition could be used from existing ordnance; has a high first-round hit probability, even against moving targets; and would permit engaging armoured targets in the top attack mode. Successful firings of the first development models took place in 1983 with, at one point, three out of three direct hits being attained. By the mid-1980s, the Bussard project had been suspended for funding reasons, only to be revived when the US Army issued a requirement for a 120 mm Precision Guided Mortar Munition (PGMM) for deployment with the M120/121 120 mm Battalion Mortar System (qv). Lockheed Martin joined with Diehl for the selection contest. In October 1994, they were awarded a Phase I critical components demonstration contract to continue development, along with another team formed by British Aerospace , Alliant Techsystems and Rockwell, which proposed an enlarged Merlin 81 mm terminally guided mortar projectile allied with a Hellfire missile warhead. Two other contestants, Saab Missiles and Hercules, were eliminated from the PGMM contest at that stage. In June 1995, it was announced that the Lockheed Martin/Diehl PGMM submission had been selected as the sole entrant for Phase II of the PGMM programme. A US$10.8 million advanced technology demonstration contract was awarded by the US Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC) to permit Lockheed Martin/Diehl to manufacture seven prototype rounds, later increased to 10, for live test firing to be held at Yuma Proving Ground, Arizona, from late 1997 onwards. A prototype PGMM round was fired from the Meldorf Proving Grounds in Germany during November 1995 and reached a range of more than 6,500 m. The PGMM can be fired from all existing 120 mm ground-mounted or self-propelled mortars, including the Lockheed Martin 120 mm lightweight composite mortar. No attachments, assembly before use or sustainer propellant sections are required. Description The 120 mm PGMM is based on the Diehl Bussard but considerably revised to meet the PGMM requirements. It is a passive, gliding, intelligent 120 mm mortar munition with a maximum range of 15,000 m. The nose of the projectile contains the seeker section, comprising a low-cost cooled mid-wave infra-red sensor, the associated processor, and gyro units. A mid-body section contains thermal batteries, power conditioning and four switch-blade wings. This section is followed by the warhead, comprising a tandem shaped charge, the fuze and the safe and arm unit. The tandem shaped charge is taken from the German Panzerfaust 3 anti-armour weapon series (produced by Dynamit Nobel) and enables the PGMM to be deployed against targets such as bunkers as well as armoured targets. The tail section contains the control activation system, the four control fins and the fin deployment mechanism. The propulsion system, including the igniter, is at the rear (base) of the projectile body. The PGMM can be operated in two modes. One is the Man-in-the-Loop mode where the projectile is guided by a laser designator operated by a forward observer; the projectile uses its imaging infra-red seeker to detect and track the designated target. For the Fire-and-Forget mode the PGMM operates autonomously, using the same imaging infra-red sensor as before but in conjunction with a target image processor. In this mode the projectile can detect and acquire both moving and stationary targets emitting infra-red radiation. Before deploying the PGMM and following a call for a fire mission, the usual ballistic calculations are made at a fire direction centre and fire orders are given to a 120 mm mortar team. The PGMM is then loaded and fired in the normal manner. The onboard thermal batteries are activated by the launch acceleration and begin to power the system electronics. Immediately after launch the tail fins deploy to provide aerodynamic stability. After the apogee of the trajectory the wings deploy and the projectile commences a relatively straight line target acquisition glide trajectory toward the target area. For a laser-guided mission the seeker searches for a designated target. If laser radiation is detected the autopilot assumes a Man-in-the-Loop operation and begins homing on the signal, following the laser signal to the target. During an autonomous fire mission the infra-red scene is evaluated for potential targets and the PGMM then homes onto the highest ranked infra-red signature. The seeker can search a 500 × 500 m footprint although this could be upgraded to 1,000 × 1,000 m. In both modes, close to the end of the homing phase and as the target resolution improves, a target aimpoint is computed before the hit.Read More
FZ LAU-97 70 mm rockets
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Indonesia
FZ LAU-97 70 mm rockets
Armament 70 mm 40-tube LAU-97 MRS; NDL-40 70 mm 20-tube MRS ( Indonesia ). Development The 70 mm LAU-97 MRS was developed during the late 1970s and early 1980s by the Belgian Forges de Zeebrugge SA (FZ). They produced a 40-tube light artillery rocket launch system designed to utilise the FZ-68 70 mm rocket motor and an associated series of warheads. The FZ-68 was developed with the objective of smoke reduction at launch, reduced corrosion effects, improved accuracy and a higher launch velocity, all compared to existing 70 mm aircraft rockets. The resultant 70 mm FZ LAU-97 rockets can be launched from helicopters as well as the ground launchers. The LAU-97 launcher can utilise rockets with MK 40 and other similar rocket motors but with a resultant reduction in range. In 1985, Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara Indonesia ( IPTN ), took out a licence to produce 70 mm FZ LAU-97 rockets and went on to develop its own 20-tube MRS, the NDL-40 . The scheduled complete development and certification phase for the NDL-40 was late 1994; the present status of this programme is now uncertain. The 70 mm FZ LAU-97 rockets are used as the subcalibre rocket component of the Royal Ordnance Reduced Range Practice Rocket ( RRPR ) system for the 227 mm MLRS (qv). Three ballistically matched warheads are involved for this role: indicating pyrotechnic with a strong signal in the visible and infra-red spectrums; HE (TNT) with an impact fuze; and completely inert. Description The 70 mm fin-stabilised FZ LAU-97 rockets utilise the FZ-68 rocket motor which uses 3 kg of solid double-base propellant, extruded in a single grain with a revised geometry compared to other similar motors. The motor is intended to burn at a `dual' rate which, combined with the multispiral grooved single exhaust nozzle and rearwards-folding fin assembly, considerably reduces the exhaust signature at launch and produces a burnout velocity of 715 m/s after a burn time of 2.3 seconds. The complete motor weighs 5.7 kg and is 1.03 m long. The maximum range is 8,000 m which is reduced to 7,500 m if MK 40 rocket motors are involved. Time of flight to the maximum range is 45 seconds. The circular area of probability is 170 m. The FZ-68 rocket motor can be fitted with one of up to nine interchangeable warheads. These warheads can also be used with other types of 70 mm rocket. FZ-71 FRAG-HE This warhead, weighing 4.3 kg, may be considered as the standard for the series. On impact, its steel casing shatters into more than 8,000 effective fragments which are scattered over a lethal radius of 21 m. The nose-mounted impact fuze will function at a minimum impact angle of 5º. FZ-49 AP Up to 400 mm of armour can be penetrated by the shaped charge of this warhead while at the same time some 1,200 anti-personnel fragments are produced. Weight is 3 kg. FZ-58 HEAP This warhead is intended for use against any target which requires a degree of penetration before detonating and has a penetrating and anti-ricochet plug in the nose. A base fuze is fitted. Weight is 4.52 kg. FZ-63 Incendiary Intended for producing screening smoke, as an incendiary or for target marking, this nose-fuzed warhead contains White Phosphorus (WP). Weight is 4.15 kg. FZ-85 PFHE This nose-fuzed warhead has a prefragmented warhead casing intended for the attack of light armour or soft-skinned vehicles. Over 3,000 fragments are produced. Weight is 4.3 kg. FZ-86 Smoke Produces thick screening smoke which is generated for more than 4.5 minutes after ejection during flight. Weight is 4.3 kg and length is 730 mm. FZ-100 Cargo Contains nine dual-purpose bomblets, each filled with 110 g of compressed hexogen and weighing 480 g. The shaped charge can penetrate 105 mm of armour plate and scatter anti-personnel fragments over a radius of 10.5 m. The impact-fuzed bomblets are ejected from the warhead after a delay-adjustable time fuze in the nose functions when the rocket is over a target area. This warhead weighs 6.7 kg and is 730 mm long. M257 Illuminating This warhead contains a flare assembly which is ejected from the warhead in flight and descends on a small parachute, providing 1 million cd for 120 seconds. Weight is 4.9 kg. FZ-32 Practice Produces a smoke cloud which lasts for 10 to 15 seconds after impact. Weight is 2.9 kg. Some references also mention Flechette and Chaff warheads but no information regarding these is available. Authorised fuzes See text Equivalent rockets INDONESIA INDONESIA Manufacturer Industri Pesawat Terbang Nusantara Indonesia ( IPTN ) Type: FZ-68 rocket motor and FZ-71 FRAG-HE warhead Description: Licence production since 1985 - current status uncertain, see text.Read More
60 mm HE bomb GMO-6 PE A1
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Indonesia
60 mm HE bomb GMO-6 PE A1
Armament 60 mm Commando and other short mortars. Development By Tampella, licensed to PT Pindad. Description This is a streamlined, modern pattern, forged steel bomb. It has four gas check rings around the bourrelet and a light-alloy tail unit screwed into the rear end. The four fins are slightly canted off the bomb axis, so as to induce a degree of roll stabilisation into the bomb's flight, which probably improves the accuracy and consistency. The propellant charge consists of a shotgun type primary cartridge inserted into the tail tube and a single secondary charge in a horseshoe container which clips around the tail tube ahead of the fins. Manufacturer P T Pindad.Read More
60 mm HE bomb GMO-6 PE A2
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Indonesia
60 mm HE bomb GMO-6 PE A2
Armament Any 60 mm mortar. Development Designed by Tampella, produced under licence by P T Pindad. Description This bomb has a forged steel body of modern streamlined shape and is fitted with an obturating ring in a groove around the bourrelet. A light-alloy tail unit has canted fins to give roll stabilisation. The propelling system consists of a primary cartridge in the tail tube and up to six secondaries clipped around the boom in horseshoe containers. Manufacturer P T Pindad.Read More
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