logologo-mobile
Sign InFree Trial
cookie
Cookies help us keep our website safe and give you a better experience. Read more or change your cookie settings.
We use cookies to give you the most relevant experience.

Defense Products Catalog — Page 149

Sort by
All categories
Manufacturer
Region
100 mm AP-T 53-BR-412 and 53-BR-412B
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Egypt
100 mm AP-T 53-BR-412 and 53-BR-412B
Armament 100 mm D-10 series tank guns (including NORINCO Type 59 ); 100 mm field gun BS-3; 100 mm KS-19 anti-aircraft gun; NORINCO 100 mm field gun and 100 mm anti-tank gun Type 73; 100 mm Field Gun M53 ; 100 mm towed anti-tank gun M1977 ; 100 mm towed anti-tank gun M1977 ( Romania ); 100 mm Coast Gun ( Yugoslavia ). Development For many years the 100 mm AP-T 53-BR-412 and its improved variant the AP-T 53-BR-412B, were the main anti-armour projectiles fired from D-10 series tank guns. The 53-BR-412 was introduced into service together with the D-10 gun, while the 53-BR-412B first appeared during the 1950s and replaced the earlier model. It is very likely that these two rounds are no longer in production. However, the 53-BR-412B is still marketed by Egypt and Romania , while in Yugoslavia the 53-BR-412B was offered for export sales as the AP-T M65 , although the status of this round is now uncertain. The complete round using the 53-BR-412B projectile is the 53-UBR-412. A later round using the same projectile is known as the 3UBR-3. Romanian rounds in this calibre include the AP-T BR-412B and the so-called APC-T BR-412D. Description The 100 mm AP-T 53-BR-412 and 53-BR-412B rounds are both fixed, with the projectile rigidly secured to the brass cartridge case by a single 360º crimping ring, engaging in a single cannelure located between the two copper drive bands on the projectile. The two projectiles mainly differ in their hardened steel body shapes. The 53-BR-412 has a pointed solid nose while the 53-BR-412B has a blunt nose concealed under a light-alloy windshield, to preserve the ballistic outline. Both projectiles have a small internal cavity close to the base which contains 64 g of A-IX-2 (RDX/Aluminium) for behind-armour effects, ignited after a short delay by a base detonating MD-8 fuze made of steel. A protrusion from the base houses a tracer element. The brass or lacquered steel cartridge case contains approximately 5.5 kg of NGH propellant in stick form. A KW-13 or KW-13U percussion primer is threaded into the base. Brass cases are made from MK-75 brass and weigh 8.5 kg. The flange diameter is 147.5 mm. Both projectiles have a muzzle velocity of approximately 900 m/s. The 53-BR-412 can penetrate 135 mm of vertical armour at 1,000 m and the 53-BR-412B penetration at the same range is 185 mm. A 100 mm AP-T 53-BR-412B projectile has a 77 per cent chance of hitting a static tank sized target at a range of 1,800 m under ideal conditions; performance under combat conditions may be much lower. Authorised fuzes BD MD-8, MD-8M1 or DBR-2 Equivalent rounds EGYPT EGYPT Manufacturer Heliopolis Company for Chemical Industries Type: AP-T Description: Exact model uncertain but believed to be based on 53-BR-412B. Projectile weight is 14.74 kg, containing 54 g of Hexal initiated by a DER-2 BD fuze, with complete round weight being 29.6 kg. Muzzle velocity is 925 m/s, using 5.72 kg of an unspecified propellant. An inert training round is available ROMANIA Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA Type: AP-T BR-412B, APC-T BR-412D Description: AP-T BR-412B complete round length given as 992 mm. Propellant for both is NDT 3 18/1. Armour penetration for AP-T BR-412B given as 150 mm at 1,000 m while that for the APC-T BR-412D given as 185 mm at 1,000 m. YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: AP-T M65 Description: Probably no longer in production. Standard specifications for 53-BR-412BRead More
Cartridge, 105 mm: APFSDS-T M735 and M735A1
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Egypt
Cartridge, 105 mm: APFSDS-T M735 and M735A1
Armament All 105 mm L7, Rh 105, M68 and CN105F1 series tank guns and South African GT7 tank gun. Development The 105 mm APFSDS-T M735 was one of the first rounds of its type to be issued on any large scale to US armed forces tank units. It is still widely used by many other armed forces but has been supplemented by the later M735A1 which utilises a Depleted Uranium (DU, or staballoy) penetrator core in place of the tungsten alloy core used on the M735. Production of the M735/M735A1 ceased in the USA during the 1980s but continues in Egypt . Known Foreign Military Sales (FMS) exports of the M735 were made to Egypt (14,105), Greece (83,957), Japan (400), Jordan (1,400), South Korea (8,577), Lebanon (7,052), Morocco (4,210), Muscat and Oman (5,376), Pakistan (5,000), Saudi Arabia (5,062), Taiwan (3,333), Thailand (14,656), Tunisia (1,674) and Turkey (12,136). Smaller sample batches of less than 100 units were also passed to Austria, Switzerland and the UK. Description The 105 mm APFSDS-T M735 and M735A1 have the same basic construction, consisting of a fixed round with the projectile assembly crimped onto an M148A1B1 cartridge case. The projectile assembly consists of a subprojectile and a sabot. The M735 subprojectile consists of a nickel-steel (maraging steel) body containing a blunt-nosed tungsten alloy core 35 mm in diameter towards the tip, with a pronounced taper towards the tail. The M735A1 has a Depleted Uranium (DU, or staballoy) core. The front part of the body has an aluminium windshield with a steel tip to prevent aerodynamic heating. An aluminium fin assembly is fitted to the rear of the body and contains an M13 tracer, which burns for a minimum of 2.5 seconds, held in place by a threaded plug and disc assembly. The sabot is aluminium and has three 120º segments assembled around the subprojectile body and interfaced with the penetrator body by a series of mating buttress grooves. A stainless steel bourrelet, containing three shear cuts, is screwed onto the forward face of the sabot. A nylon obturator and polypropylene seal is assembled around it and a urethane seal is applied over the rear face. The brass M148A1B1 cartridge case contains approximately 5.67 kg of M30 propellant. An M120 electrical primer is fitted to the base; the primer includes a flash tube extending almost to the tail of the projectile assembly. Before loading, the primer is normally protected by a metal clip over the base of the cartridge case. A barrel wear reducing titanium dioxide liner is secured to the interior wall of the cartridge case. The 105 mm APFSDS-T M735 and M735A1 have a muzzle velocity of 1,501 m/s. The M735A1 penetrator can penetrate approximately 370 mm of armour set at 0º at 1,000 m. The US Army training round for the 105 mm M735/M735A1 is the TPDS-T M724A1. The TPDS-T M724A1 is also produced in Belgium by MECAR SA and in Egypt by the Heliopolis Company for Chemical Industries. In the USA the main producer of the TPDS-T M724A1 is General Dynamics, Ordnance and Tactical Systems (GD-OTS ). The main details for the TPDS-T M724A1 are round weight, 14.52 kg and round length, 838.2 mm. Muzzle velocity is 1,539 m/s using a single-base propellant. Authorised fuzes None involved Equivalent rounds EGYPT EGYPT Manufacturer Heliopolis Company for Chemical Industries Type: APFSDS-T M735 Description: Standard US specificationsRead More
115 mm APFSDS-T 3UBM-5 round
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Egypt
115 mm APFSDS-T 3UBM-5 round
Armament 115 mm U-5TS (2A20) tank gun; Royal Ordnance (now RO Defence) 115 mm tank gun. Development The 115 mm U-5TS (2A20) smoothbore tank gun was developed during the latter half of the 1950s and entered service in the early 1960s, mounted on the T-62 tank series. The T-62 therefore became the first in-service main battle tank to feature an APFSDS round, the 3BM-3, in its armoury. The later 3BM-6, often referred to as an HVAPFSDS-T, became the standard APFSDS-T projectile on the 3UBM-5 round for the U-5TS gun tanks. There are now few references to the earlier 3BM-3. The 3BM-3 used a similar projectile assembly to the 3BM-6 but fitted with a tungsten carbide nose slug. Another difference is that the 3BM-3 used a separate loading system with the propellant arranged in the same manner as that used on equivalent rounds for 125 mm tank guns. The interim 3BM-4 was a fixed round. The 115 mm APFSDS-T 3BM-6 is unusual among its kind as it uses a hard steel penetrator. A variant of the 3BM-6 with an armour-piercing cap is known to have existed. Also in existence are two further and presumably more recent 115 mm APFSDS rounds, the 3UBM-9 and the 3UBM-13, the latter having a Depleted Uranium (DU) alloy 3BM-28 penetrator weighing 4.36 kg. The 3UBM-9 round weighs 23.5 kg with the 3BM-21 tungsten-steel alloy projectile weighing 6.26 kg. Complete round length is 990 mm and muzzle velocity is 1,600 m/s. The 3UBM-9 round appears to be the current production version and is manufactured by the Engineering Research Institute based in Moscow. Out of its normal combat load of 40 rounds a T-64 normally carries 14 APFSDS-T rounds. Description The 115 mm 3UBM-5 APFSDS-T round is fixed, with the 3BM-6 sabot and projectile assembly crimped into its brass cartridge case. The sabot assembly is of the ring type and made of steel. It is short and interfaces to the penetrator rod via a series of mating buttresses. There are three 120º sabot segments and the entire sabot is encircled by a slipping copper drive band 4.32 mm wide. The projectile is hard steel and is 548.64 mm long; maximum diameter is 41.91 mm. It is fitted with a pointed light alloy ballistic cap covering the blunt front end of the penetrator while a six-finned assembly, also made of steel and with a maximum diameter over the forward-folding fins of 115.06 mm, is threaded on at the rear. A T-20-1 tracer element is carried in the rear of the fin assembly. A variant with an armour-piercing cap over a more pointed penetrator nose is known to exist; it is 549.66 mm long in total and the projectile with sabot weighs 5.4 kg. The rimmed brass cartridge case has an unusual shape as it is necked approximately halfway along its length. It is filled with 6 kg of 12/7 and 18/1 Tr propellant in stick and granular form. The base is fitted with a KV-5-U electrical primer which has a long flash tube. The 3BM-6 APFSDS-T has a muzzle velocity of 1,680 m/s and its maximum effective range is 3,000 m, although most accounts of effective combat range mention 1,500 m. Maximum possible range is 12,230 m. The projectile can penetrate up to 228 mm of armour set at 0º at 1,000 m or 199 mm of armour set at 60º at the same range. Authorised fuzes None involved Equivalent rounds EGYPT EGYPT Manufacturer Heliopolis Company for Chemical Industries Type: 115 mm APFSDS Description: Muzzle velocity given as 1,610 m/s. In Egypt the U-5TS gun is known as the Y5TC-T62. Many Egyptian T-62s now have Royal Ordnance 115 mm barrelsRead More
NORINCO 107 mm rockets
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Egypt
NORINCO 107 mm rockets
Armament 107 mm Type 63 , Type 63-1 and Type 81 MRS ( China ); Type 85 ( China ); RO 107 MRS and Inflict ( South Africa ); PRL 81 ( Egypt ); 107 mm 12-tube Launcher, 107 mm Monotube Launcher, 107 mm Double-tube Launcher and 107 mm Naval Rocket Launcher ML 2 and ML 4 (all Iran ). Development 107 mm artillery rockets were originally developed during the late 1950s by NORINCO and have been exported widely, usually in association with the towed Type 63 12-tube launcher. The spread has been such that the South African Mechem concern decided to reverse-engineer the Type 63 launcher and develop its own upgraded 107 mm PFHE rocket which has also been exported. Copies or derivatives of the Chinese 107 mm rockets are also produced in Iran (as the Haseb, or Fadjr 1), Iraq , North Korea and Turkey . Description NORINCO 107 mm artillery rockets, often referred to as Type 63 rockets, are spin-stabilised by seven venturi in the base to generate a maximum spin rate of 22,000 rpm (366 rps). They were originally manufactured in two main versions, HE and Incendiary, although updated versions of these have since been produced along with some special purpose rockets (see below). The Type 63-II HE version is 841 mm long, with a cast-iron warhead weighing 8.33 kg, 1.26 kg of which is the TNT main charge. This is detonated by a Jiàn-1 point detonating fuze (also referred to as the MJ-1 and a modified version of the Russian V-25), which has optional graze and delayed action functions; proximity fuzes may also be employed. On detonation, the warhead produces approximately 1,214 fragments spread over a lethal radius of 12.5 m. Maximum range is 8,500 m and total weight 18.837 kg. Maximum velocity is 372 m/s after a launch velocity of 32 m/s, with a maximum spin rate of 22,000 rpm. At maximum range 80 per cent of rockets will fall within an area measuring 150 × 200 m. If necessary this rocket can be fired direct from a sloped earth mound or a similar improvised launcher but accuracy will then be minimal. Minimum launch angle is +4º. The single-tube Type 85 launcher was developed for special forces and weighs 22.5 kg; it can be broken down into manpack loads. The Egyptian PRL 81 single-tube launcher is essentially similar. A Type 63-III HE rocket has an enhanced maximum range (10,000 m), a smaller warhead and the option of an unspecified radio frequency proximity fuze. With the proximity fuze fitted the overall length is increased to 947 mm (897 mm with a conventional impact fuze). Lethal radius on impact is 12.5 m. Also reported is a FRAG-HE rocket with 1,600 6.35 mm steel spheres packed around the explosive warhead. This version weighs 18.9 kg and has a range of 7,800 m. Another essentially similar rocket is known as a Steel Ball Rocket Shell and has a range of 8,500 m. An enhanced version of this type of warhead is available from Mechem in South Africa (see below). The Incendiary 107 mm Type 63-I rocket is 915.2 mm long and contains an inflammable material of an incendiary agent plus White Phosphorus (WP) in its 7.54 kg warhead; total rocket weight is 18.7 kg. The material burns at a temperature of over 700ºC for more than 40 seconds. Maximum range is 8,000 m and minimum range 3,000 m. Launch velocity is 34 m/s, increasing to a maximum of 383 m/s. A 107 mm Type 63 HE-Incendiary rocket contains incendiary pellets which are spread over a casualty radius of 21 m on detonation. This rocket has a range of 8,000 m and weighs 18.8 kg; it is 915 mm long. Production of this version appears to have ceased. One of the latest forms of NORINCO 107 mm rocket is a Cargo round. The contents are 16 Type 81 dual-purpose bomblets, each with a diameter of 39.2 mm and weighing 214 g, 29.5 g of which is the RDX shaped charge. Each bomblet has a lethal radius of 7 m and can penetrate 80 mm of carbon steel armour. When scattered from the rocket in flight under the control of a MS-13 time fuze the bomblets will cover an area of 4,000 m 2 . The 107 mm Cargo round has a maximum range of 8,000 m and weighs 18.9 kg; length is 928 mm. There is also a 107 mm electronic jammer rocket, which ejects a jammer body in flight to allow the jammer to descend by parachute and operate for up to 15 minutes. The area covered by the jamming will measure 500 × 1,200 m after 5 minutes. This version weighs 18.3 kg, is 920 mm long and has an operational range of from 1,000 to 7,800 m. Reference has been made to a 107 mm Illuminating rocket but no details are available. Authorised fuzes Jiàn-1 (MJ-1) PD - see also text Equivalent rockets EGYPT EGYPT Manufacturer Heliopolis Company for Chemical Industries Type: 107 mm HE Description: Intended for use with the PRL 81 single-tube launcher as well as other standard launchers. Weight is 18.7 kg of which 1.26 kg is TNT; the complete fragmentation warhead weighs 8.33 kg. Impact fuze is M491. Maximum range given as 8,500 m. IRAN Manufacturer Aerospace Industries Organisation Type: 107 mm Haseb ( Fadjr 1) Description: Copy of HE version of Chinese Type 63 launched from a 12-tube launcher carried on a 6 × 6 truck or Jeep type vehicle. Other launchers include single- and double-tube launchers and two types of naval launcher. Total weight is 18.6 kg, weight of warhead 6.39 kg, length 838 mm and maximum velocity 375 m/s. Maximum range 8,500 m. At one time this rocket was manufactured and marketed by Shahid Bagheri Missile Industries. IRAQ Manufacturer State factories Type: 107 mm HE Description: Described as being a local development but a close copy of the original Chinese 107 mm Type 63 or its North Korean derivative. Some launchers have been mounted on armoured vehicles. Maximum range given as 8,000 m. KOREA, NORTH Manufacturer State factories Type: 107 mm HE Description: North Korean ordnance factories produced over 3,500 examples of the towed 107 mm Type 63 and their associated rockets, mounting some launchers on YW531 APCs. Many were exported to Lebanon , Iran and organisations such as the PLO. SOUTH AFRICA Manufacturer Mechem , a member of the Denel Group Type: 107 mm PFHE Description: Developed for use with the towed or palletised RO 107 12-tube launcher, a Type 63 clone, and the single-tube Inflict launcher. This rocket has a Composition B explosive warhead, surrounded by approximately 5,200 steel spheres cast in an epoxy resin sleeve, ready to be detonated by an RO 107 turbine-powered radio proximity fuze weighing 275 g (the fuze has a point detonating back-up function) and manufactured by Fuchs Electronics. The resultant lethal radius is over 20 m with the fragment density stated to be eight times more than for conventional warheads; the average fragment velocity is 900 m/s. Weight of the 107 mm PFHE rocket is 19 kg with the warhead weighing 7.6 kg. Overall length is 920 mm. The 107 mm PFHE rocket can be fired using standard range tables. Mechem are understood to be developing a 107 mm rocket with a range of 11,000 m. TURKEY Manufacturer Rocketsan Type: TR-107 107 mm Extended Range Rocket Description: Weight 19.5 kg and length 840 mm. HE, fragmentation (steel ball) and incendiary warheads available, each weighing 8.4 kg. Range band from 3,000 to over 11,000 m. In volume production for service with the Turkish armed forces.Read More
85 mm AP-T BR-365 and BR-365K
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Egypt
85 mm AP-T BR-365 and BR-365K
Armament 85 mm Divisional Gun D-44 ; 85 mm Auxiliary-propelled Field Gun SD-44 ; 85 mm M1944 ZIS-S-53 tank gun; 85 mm Anti-aircraft Gun M1939 and M1944 ; 85 mm Field Gun Type 56 ; 85 mm Field Gun M52 and M52/55 . Development The first of the full calibre 85 mm AP-T rounds was the BR-365. This was replaced by the later and generally improved 85 mm AP-T BR-365K. Although superseded by the more powerful 85 mm HVAP-T BR-365P and BR-365PK (see previous entry), the 85 mm AP-T BR-365K remains in service with some former Warsaw Pact nations and nations to whom Soviet military aid was extended, but it is generally regarded as obsolete. The type is still available from Romania where it has been manufactured for export sales by ROMARM; although series production is no longer carried out. Production facilities were also available in Egypt although it is understood that production there has ceased. Description The 85 mm AP-T BR-365K (complete round designation is UBR-365K) is a fixed round with the projectile rigidly fixed to the cartridge case by a single 360º crimping ring engaging in a cannelure located to the rear of the twin copper drive bands. The 85 mm AP-T BR-365K projectile body is a solid hardened steel assembly with a relatively short ogive and two distinctive cannelures set into the body forward of the pressed copper drive bands. The centre of the projectile base is recessed to accommodate a small (48 g) two-part A-IX-2 (desensitised RDX/Aluminium) bursting charge, the MD-8 base fuze and a No 7 tracer assembly in a protruding housing. The brass cartridge case (lacquered steel has been used) has a percussion primer threaded into the base and contains 2.6 kg of stick and granular propellant (14/7 CB and 18/1 TPCB), plus S-1 decoppering and wear additives, providing a muzzle velocity of approximately 800 m/s. This enables the 85 mm AP-T BR-365K to penetrate 94 mm of armour plate set at an angle of 0º at the maximum direct fire range of 970 m. Authorised fuzes MD-8 BD Equivalent rounds CZECH REPUBLIC AND SLOVAKIA CZECH REPUBLIC Manufacturer State factories Type: AP-T PSv-cs Description: Used by both the former Czechoslovak and East German armed forces. Round weight 15.9 kg and projectile weight 9.2 kg; muzzle velocity 820 m/s. No longer in production EGYPT Manufacturer Heliopolis Company for Chemical Industries Type: AP Description: Standard specifications. 85 mm AP (type unspecified but probably AP-T) produced for 85 mm tank guns. Projectile weight with ballistic shield is 9.155 kg, containing 55 g of Hexogen ignited by an MD-8 fuze. Muzzle velocity is 800 m/s and maximum possible range 16,100 m. No longer in production ROMANIA Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA Type: AP-T Description: Not in series production. Equates to BR-365K. Standard specificationsRead More
Ammunition for Czech 30 mm M53 and M53/59
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Czech Republic
Ammunition for Czech 30 mm M53 and M53/59
Armament 30 mm automatic anti-aircraft gun M53 ; M53/59 and M53/70 twin 30 mm self-propelled anti-aircraft gun systems. Development The 30 × 220 mm cartridge was originally developed in Czechoslovakia for the M53 towed anti-aircraft gun, but was also later adopted for the self-propelled M53/59 wheeled anti-aircraft gun system. These guns have now been withdrawn from front-line service, due mainly to a lack of any form of modern fire-control system and a low rate of fire, within the Czech Republic and Slovakia but is still held in reserve. The 30 mm M53/70 gun was an export version, with an improved fire-control system, which does not appear to have been produced on a large scale. The M53 and M53/59 remain in service with the armed forces of Libya , Romania , Serbia and Vietnam . The ammunition also remained in production in the former Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) until recently. Yugoslav guns are known as the 30/2 mm M53 and 53/59 (CS). Description The 30 × 220 mm is a fixed round, with the projectile rigidly secured to the necked, lacquered steel cartridge case by a crimping ring which fits into a pronounced cannelure at the base of the projectile. A steel percussion primer, 27 g weight and 73 mm length, is fitted in the base of the cartridge case. The heat-treated steel projectile has a single copper drive band. The propellant utilised is 195 g of a nitrocellulose-based powder. All 30 × 220 mm rounds (apart from the Blanks) are 331 mm long and have a muzzle velocity of 997 m/s. Ammunition for the 30 mm M53 gun is fed in 10-round clips. The M53/59 gun is loaded from a 50-round vertical box magazine using 10-round clips. Czechoslovakian-produced ammunition originally included API and HE-I rounds. These are no longer produced but available information is provided in the text. The Yugoslav-produced rounds were limited to HE-T, TP-T and Blank. API The projectile for this round weighs 450 g and has a muzzle velocity of 1,000 m/s. It can penetrate 55 mm of armour at an incidence of 0º at 500 m. It contains a small amount of incendiary mixture of incendiary mixture to create incendiary effects behind the target armour. This round is no longer in production but may still be encountered. HE-I The projectile used with this round weighs 450 g and contains approximately 35 g of RDX. The filling includes a small incendiary element to add to the blast effects. This round is no longer in production but may still be encountered. HE-T This round was still produced in Yugoslavia until the recent disturbances, where it is known as the 30 mm HE-T M69. The steel projectile contains 35.7 g of RDX/Aluminium and has a nose-mounted impact super-quick action fuze with a mechanical self-destruct device, the latter operating between 6 and 30 seconds after leaving the gun muzzle. The projectile base houses a tracer element which burns for 4 seconds. Also produced in Yugoslavia was a TP-T round ballistically matching the HE-T M69 but it did not contain an explosive filling, a tracer element or a fuze. Blank Produced in Yugoslavia , this round is referred to as the M78 . There is no projectile as the round case has a crimped mouth and relies on the 195 g nitrocellulose powder propellant filling to produce a sound signature for battlefield simulation and other training purposes. A training and test cartridge, apparently still in production by EUROINVEST of Macedonia , fires a 250 g break-up projectile containing sintered iron powder within a high-density polyethylene casing. Once fired the projectile breaks up to release its contents before it has travelled more than 120 m. This cartridge is dimensionally identical to the operational HE-T round. Maximum chamber pressure is 1,760 bar. Authorised fuzes Integral on HE-T - see text Equivalent rounds CZECH REPUBLIC AND SLOVAKIA CZECH REPUBLIC Manufacturer State factories Type: API, HE-I, TP Description: See text - no longer in production MACEDONIA Manufacturer Euroinvest Type: Training and Test Description: See text under Blank YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: HE-T, TP-T, Blank Description: See textRead More
Small arms ammunition:
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Small arms ammunition:
125 mm APFSDS ammunition
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Iraq
125 mm APFSDS ammunition
Armament 2A45 and 2A45M tank guns fitted to T-64 and early T-72 MBTs; 2A46 (D-81) and 2A46M (D-81M) tank guns fitted to T-64A and T-72 MBTs; 2A46M1 tank gun fitted to T-80 and T-90E MBTs; 2A75 gun fitted to 2S25 self-propelled anti-tank gun; 2A45M Sprut-B towed anti-tank gun. Development The first Eastern Bloc MBT to carry a 125 mm smoothbore main gun was the T-64 , carrying a gun known as the 2A45. This gun has a vertical ammunition stowage system and was only fitted into T-64 series tanks and a few early examples of the T-72 . The more numerous and widely used D-81 and D-81M (2A46 and 2A46M respectively), also referred to as the Rapira 3 (Rapier 3) and fitted to the T-72 and early production T-80 tanks, employ a rotary carousel-type ammunition feed system. The T-80 and T-90E MBTs use the 2A46M1 gun. These guns all fire the same separate loading ammunition, including APFSDS projectiles. There is one further 125 mm gun, a towed 125 mm anti-tank gun, called the 2A45M Sprut-B , which fires the same ammunition as the 125 mm tank guns to a direct fire range of over 2,000 m (against a 2 m high target). A listing of 125 mm APFSDS projectiles of Russian Federation and Associated States (CIS) origin includes eight known variants: the 3BM9, 3BM12, 3BM15, 3BM17, 3BM22, 3BM32, 3BM42 and 3BM44. The base model for the series is the 3BM9, which may be regarded as a scaled-up version of the 115 mm BM-6 (qv). As the 125 mm APFSDS projectiles and rounds have separate designations, a checklist is provided: Round Projectile 3VBM3 3BM9 3VBM6 3BM12 3VBM7 3BM15 3VBM8 3BM17 3VBM9 3BM22 3VBM13 3BM32 3VBM17 3BM42 n/avail 3BM44 The 3VP6 is a training round, as is the generally similar 3VP5. In addition to the above it has been proposed that a Russian 125 mm APFSDS development (no designation yet forthcoming) could be the basis for some form of joint development lasting a period of about two years. This round weighs 20.3 kg with the projectile assembly, with incremental propellant charge, weighing 10.7 kg. Firing a tungsten alloy penetrator with an aluminium alloy sabot at a muzzle velocity of 1,750 m/s, the following penetration performances are forecast: a seven-layer target at 30º (penetration route 630 mm) at 4,000 m a seven-layer target at 60º (penetration route 620 mm) at 4,500 m a three-layer target at 65º (penetration route 1.83 m) at 3,500 m a 300 mm thick homogeneous target at 60º at 2,000 m. As a typical example, the T-72 usually carries a combat load of 39 rounds, 12 of which are APFSDS. It is known that 125 mm tank gun ammunition is produced in India but no information is available. A new munitions plant is being built at Bolangir in Eastern India which, when fully operational, will be able to produce 150,000 rounds of 125 mm ammunition, presumably including APFSDS rounds, every year. Description In common with the rest of the 125 mm ammunition range, the 125 mm APFSDS rounds are all separate loading munitions. They are automatically loaded into the breech, surrounded behind the sabot assembly by an attached combustible propellant charge increment in a combustible case, followed by the 4Zh63 main charge in a separate semi-combustible propellant case. On both the 3BM9 and 3BM15 the sabot assembly is of the ring type and is made of steel. It is short and interfaces to the penetrator rod via a series of mating buttresses. There are three 120º sabot segments and the entire sabot is encircled by a slipping copper drive band, 5.08 mm wide on the 3BM9 and 5.23 mm wide on the 3BM15. The 3BM12 differs only in detail from the 3BM9. With the 3BM9 the monobloc penetrator rod is hard steel and has a blunt nose covered by a light alloy ballistic cap. By contrast, the longer hard steel penetrator used with the 3BM15 has a nose insert containing a tungsten carbide slug weighing 270 g. In both cases the penetrator rod tapers towards the rear where a five-fin assembly is threaded into position. The 3BM9 is quoted as having a muzzle velocity of 1,800 to 1,825 m/s, with penetration of 350 mm of Rolled Homogeneous Armour (RHA) set at an angle of 60º at a range of 1,000 m. At 3,000 m the penetration is 245 mm. The slightly heavier 3BM15 appears to have a muzzle velocity of 1,785 to 1,800 m/s and is quoted as being able to penetrate 250 mm of armour at 2,000 m. The maximum effective combat range for both projectile types is 2,200 m. The 3BM17 is a variant of the 3BM15 with a heavier (3.045 kg) steel penetrator. The 3BM42 penetrator used with the 3VBM17 round has a tungsten penetrator with the complete projectile assembly weighing 7.05 kg. The 3BM22 used with the 3VBM9 round has an enamel-coated steel body weighing 2.48 kg with a light steel windscreen. The 3BM32 projectile used with the 3VBM13 round differs from the earlier projectiles by having a Depleted Uranium (DU) penetrator. In contrast to many other penetrator designs produced elsewhere, the 3BM32 is relatively short at 486 mm. The fin assembly is steel, the sabot aluminium alloy, the obturator rubber and the sealing band a polyamide material. The 3BM32 is fired with a muzzle velocity of 1,700 m/s instead of the 1,800 to 1,825 m/s of the earlier models. A range of penetration performances can be quoted for the 3BM32. It will penetrate a 250 mm homogeneous armour target set at 60º at 2,000 m. A seven-layer target at 30º obliquity can be defeated at 3,200 m, producing a penetration route 630 mm long. If the same target is engaged at the same range, with the obliquity changed to 60º, the penetration route is 620 mm long. A three-layer spaced target set at an obliquity of 65º can be defeated at a range of more than 5,000 m with a penetration route 1,830 mm long. The 3BM42, used with the 3VBM17 round, has a tungsten alloy penetrator 571 mm long and the projectile body is made from high-strength maraging steel. Again the fin assembly is steel, the sabot aluminium alloy, the obturator rubber and the sealing band a polyamide material. Muzzle velocity is 1,700 m/s. As with the 3BM32, a range of penetration performances can be quoted for the 3BM42. It will penetrate a 230 mm homogeneous armour target set at 60º at 2,000 m. A seven-layer target at 30º obliquity can be defeated at 3,300 m, producing a penetration route 630 mm long. If the same target is engaged at 3,800 m, with the obliquity changed to 60º, the penetration route is 620 mm long. A three-layer spaced target set at an obliquity of 65º can be defeated at a range of 2,000 m with a penetration route 1,830 mm long. The designation used for the round with the 3BM44 projectile is not known. The 3BM44 projectile weighs 7.05 kg and the muzzle velocity is 1,700 m/s. Projectiles are fired using a main semi-combustible charge case known as the 4Zh63 and weighing 9.6 kg, plus an increment attached to the projectile assembly and weighing a further 4.1 kg. The combustible cases are formed using nitrocellulose impregnated with TNT. Priming is electrical using a GUV-7 primer. After firing, a steel stub case weighing 3.4 kg remains to be automatically ejected, although manual ejection may be employed. The case, made from BW 11 steel, is 140 mm long and has a flange diameter of 171.9 mm. To simulate the above projectiles during training there is a relatively low-cost APFSDS-TP round known as the 3VP6, using the 3P31 projectile. The 3P31 projectile is fired at a high initial muzzle velocity (1,830 m/s) using the normal, main and incremental charges, but the penetrator assembly is a blunt steel rod which follows the operational APFSDS trajectory out to a range of 2,000 m, after which it rapidly decelerates, becomes unstable and falls to the ground. Maximum range with the gun barrel at an elevation of 3º is no more than 9,000 m. The complete round weighs 19.5 kg and the projectile 5.2 kg; it is 535 mm long. Weight of the projectile assembly complete with its propelling charge is 9.5 kg. Authorised fuzes None involved Equivalent rounds CZECH REPUBLIC AND SLOVAKIA CZECH REPUBLIC Manufacturer Konstrukta Defence Type: APFSDS Description: Probably 3BM15 but no confirmation available. Muzzle velocity given as 1,800 m/s. Manufacturer Synthesia as Type: 125 mm KE Description: Uses third-generation tungsten projectile weighing 6.7 kg and 678 mm long, in conjunction with Z62 KE CZ combustible cartridge which reduces barrel wear and erosion; front charge weight 3.3 kg, rear 5.5 kg. Offered as part of T-72 MBT upgrade package IRAQ Manufacturer State factories Type: APFSDS Description: Probably 3BM9 but no information available. Probably no longer in production ISRAEL Manufacturer Israel Military Industries ( IMI ) Type: 125 mm APFSDS-T M711 Description: See separate entry POLAND Manufacturer Zaklady Produkeji Specjalnej Sp zoo Type: 125 mm APFSDS-T Description: See separate entry ROMANIA Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA Type: 125 mm APFSDS-T BM-9 and APFSDSHC-T BM-15 Description: BM-9 fired using supplementary charge BM-10. BM-15 fired using supplementary charge BM-18 RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND ASSOCIATED STATES (CIS) Marketing agency: Rosobornexport Type: 125 mm APFSDS 3VBM17 Description: Standard specifications - see text. 125 mm 3VP6 training round also available. Manufacturer Spetsvneshtekhnika, Moscow Type: 125 mm APFSDS Description: Projectile assembly uses tungsten alloy long rod penetrator in `Western style' aluminium alloy sabot. Weight of complete round is 20.4 kg. Armour penetration at 60º incidence is more than 300 mm (no range given) Manufacturer Engineering Research Institute (NIMI) Moscow Type: 125 mm APFSDS 3VBM17 Description: Standard specifications Manufacturer State Scientific Research Institute of Chemical Products Kazan Type: 125 mm APFSDS 3VBM17 Description: Standard specifications. Produced in association with The State Kazan Scientific Industrial Enterprise named after Lenin, Kazan SLOVAKIA Manufacturer ZVS jsc Type: 125 mm APFSDS (PpSv) Description: Understood to be 3VBM15. A 125 mm APFSDS-T Tapna fires a tungsten alloy penetrator weighing 3.4 kg and is stated to be able to penetrate 550 mm of armour. UKRAINE Manufacturer MINMASHPROM Type: 125 mm APFSDS 3VBM17 Description: Standard specifications - see text. MINMASHPROM has also announced a locally designed advanced APFSDS round with the projectile designated as the 3BM44U. There is also a 3BM44U1 projectile with an elongated penetrator rod provided with bore-riding distance pieces on the four-segment sabot. No details are available regarding these two rounds. 3VP6 APFSDS-TP round also manufactured Manufacturer TACKO Type: 125 mm APFSDS 3VBM7, 3VBM9, 3VBM13 and 3VBM17 Description: Standard specifications - see text YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: M88 with KE-T projectile Description: Appears to be based on 3BM15. Projectile weight, presumably with sabot, given as 10 kg. Intended for use on M-84 and M-84A tanks, the Yugoslav versions of the T-72 . May no longer be in productionRead More
7.62 × 45 mm Czech M1952
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Czech Republic
7.62 × 45 mm Czech M1952
Synonyms 7.62 × 45 mm; 7.62 mm Czech Short Armament This cartridge was unique to the Czech Models 52 and 56/57 assault rifles and Model 52 light machine gun. Development Developed in Czechoslovakia in 1949-50 as a local alternative to the Soviet M43 round. The M1952 was a somewhat better performer than the M43 , but Warsaw Pact standardisation swept it away and by 1960 the 7.62 × 39 mm cartridge had been adopted in its place. The weapons and cartridge stocks went into reserve and were later dispersed to various countries, notably Africa and the USA, where they may still be encountered. Description The case is rimless and bottlenecked, Berdan primed and may be found in brass or lacquered steel; the latter being more common. The bullet is streamlined, with a steel core inside a gilding metal jacket. CZECH REPUBLIC Manufacturer State arsenals Type: Ball M52 : see above Tracer M52 : 8.4 g; green trace; non-streamlined bulletRead More
0.38 Super Auto
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
South Africa
0.38 Super Auto
Synonyms 0.38 Super ACP Armament Colt and other automatic pistols; some Thompson sub-machine guns and other experimental sub-machine guns. Development In the late 1920s the Colt company improved its 0.38 automatic pistol and developed this cartridge to go with it. Identical in dimensions to the 0.38 Auto, the 0.38 Super Auto is more powerful, very accurate and is very popular in the western hemisphere, although less common in Europe. Although it will chamber in pistols of 0.38 Auto calibre, it should not be used in them as they are not designed for the higher pressures. Description A semi-rimmed, brass, straight-taper case, Boxer primed. The standard bullet is an 8.42 g jacketed round-nose pattern. CZECH REPUBLIC Manufacturer Sellier & Bellot Type: Ball: FMJ; 8.43 g; MV 398 m/s ITALY Manufacturer Fiocchi Munizioni SpA Ball: FMJ; 8.4 g; MV 366 m/s KOREA, SOUTH Manufacturer Poongsan Metal Corporation Type: Ball: JHP; 7.5 g; MV 340 m/s Ball: FMJ; 8.4 g; MV 333 m/s SOUTH AFRICA Manufacturer Denel (Pty) Ltd Type: Ball: FMJ; 8.4 g; MV 317 m/s UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Manufacturer Cor-Bon Ammunition Type: Ball +P: JHP; 7.5 g; MV 457 m/s Ball +P: JHP; 8.1 g; MV 411 m/s Manufacturer Eldorado Cartridge Corporation (PMC Ammo) Type Ball: FMJ; 8.4 g; MV 332 m/s Ball: JHP; 7.5 g; MV 340 m/s Manufacturer Remington Arms Company Inc Type: Ball: JHP; 7.5 g; MV 396 m/s Ball: FMJ; 8.42 g; MV 390 m/s Manufacturer Winchester-Olin Type: Ball: JHP; 8.1 g; MV 370 m/s Ball: FMJ; 8.4 g; MV 322 m/sRead More
120 mm HE bomb OF-A
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Czech Republic
120 mm HE bomb OF-A
Armament All 120 mm smoothbore mortars. Development By Czech Army ordnance, for use in Soviet-pattern 120 mm mortars in Czech service and for export. Description Although generally adhering to a Soviet pattern, this bomb has signs of Czech variation to the design. It is of a conventional teardrop shape in cast iron, with three deep gas check rings at the bourrelet and has a steel tailboom and 12 fins. A primary cartridge fits into the tail and six secondary increments, in cloth bags, are tied around the tailboom. Manufacturer State arsenals.Read More
60 mm mortar bomb, Mk 98
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Czech Republic
60 mm mortar bomb, Mk 98
Armament Standard 60 mm mortars Development By Military Institute for Weapon and Ammunition Technology (VTUVM) for use by the Czech military and for export Description The Mk 98 constitutes a family of 60 mm mortar bombs, including high explosive fragmentation (HEF), high explosive incendiary (HEI) and white phosphorus (WP) smoke varieties. There are also three types of training rounds. All are typical teardrop- shaped bombs similar in appearance to the M49A2. There are no separate charges; the bomb is launched by a shotgun-type propulsion cartridge. Only data for the HEF version were available for this edition of JAH.Read More
Ammunition for 37 mm automatic anti-aircraft guns
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
Egypt
Ammunition for 37 mm automatic anti-aircraft guns
Armament 37 mm automatic anti-aircraft gun M1939 ; NORINCO Type 55, Type 61, Type 65, Type 74, Type 74 SD, Type P793 and Type 80 weapon system. 70-K single, B-11-M and W-11-M naval mountings. Development The original 37 mm automatic anti-aircraft gun M1939 was developed before the Second World War at the Design Bureau of Artillery Plant No 8 at Kaliningrad. It was a scaled-up version of a Swedish Bofors design for a 25 mm anti-aircraft gun dating from 1933. The basic 37 mm M1939 was thereafter produced in huge numbers and it remains in service with many nations all around the world in both single- and twin-barrel versions and in naval form. It is still in production in China , in both towed and self-propelled versions and has been considerably updated by the provision of various modern fire control systems. At one time the 37 mm M1939 was produced in Poland . Over its service life, ammunition for the 37 mm M1939 series has undergone gradual development and numerous variations have been reported. The types mentioned below are the later types only. There are several current proposals to update and upgrade both single- and twin-barrelled 37 mm M1939 guns and their Chinese equivalents, including proposals from Pakistan and NORINCO of China , but as far as is known none of these proposals affect the ammunition involved . The data used in the Specifications table relates to rounds produced in Yugoslavia . They are probably no longer in production but many 37 mm guns and their associated ammunition remain in service in that region. Description All rounds fired by the 37 mm automatic anti-aircraft gun M1939 series are fixed. The projectiles are rigidly crimped to the cartridge cases by two 360º crimping rings seating into two pronounced cannelures towards the projectile base. The forged steel projectiles are fitted with a single wide drive band (over 12 mm) pressed into place and, where applicable, are fitted with nose fuzes made of steel. The cartridge cases are lacquered steel or 70:30 drawn brass and are fitted with base-mounted Type T-1 or KV-2 percussion primers. The propellent load is usually 200 to 207 g of 7/14 granular single-base propellant plus 4 g of S-1 decoppering agent. The 37 mm automatic anti-aircraft gun rounds of Russian Federation and Associated States (CIS) origin, most of which are now out of production but still in widespread use, are as follows: FRAG-T, OR-167 This round uses a projectile weighing 730 g with a high-fragmentation forged steel body. The projectile walls are relatively thick and the otherwise solid base houses a No 5 tracer element. The two types of fuze that may be threaded into the nose are the MG-8 or the MG-37. Both fuzes are point detonating with self-destruct devices operating between 8 and 12 seconds. The explosive filling is between 35 and 40 g of A-IX-2 (RDX/Aluminium). FRAG-T, OR-167N This is an improved version of the FRAG-T OR-167, differing mainly in the design of the internal cavity. The OR-167N cavity is larger and the walls of the forged steel projectile are thinner, enabling the explosive filling to be increased to over 400 g of A-1Kh-2 (RDX/Aluminium/Wax). The nose fuze is a B-37 point detonating fuze made of steel although a modified MG-37 may be fitted, neither of them having a self-destruct function. The projectile weight for Yugoslav -produced rounds is given as 710 g but an OR-167N round originally produced for the East German Navy used a projectile weighing 1.024 kg. With the latter round the explosive filling was 37 g of A-IX-2 (RDX/Aluminium) and the cartridge case contained 210 g of 7/14 propellant; muzzle velocity was 880 m/s. AP-T, BR-167 This round is now rarely encountered other than with 37 mm naval mountings. The projectile has a solid, heat-treated, heavy steel body with the blunt nose protected by a pressed-on light steel windshield to preserve ballistic properties. A No 5 tracer element is threaded into the projectile base, although this is not always fitted. The UBR-167 projectile, which weighs 1.19 kg, can penetrate 47 mm of armour at 0º obliquity at 500 m and 37 mm at 1,000 m. The BR-167 has a flat base but a version with a boat tail was produced at one time. A naval version of this round, originally produced for East Germany used 210 g of 7/14 single-base propellant and the projectile weighed a stated 1.19 kg; muzzle velocity was 880 m/s. Inert TP and TP-T practice rounds were produced to ballistically match the above mentioned rounds. Authorised fuzes See text Equivalent rounds CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC CHINA Manufacturer China North Industries (NORINCO) Type: HE, HE-T, AP-T, APHE Description: Produced with some changes from the specifications provided above, for example HE complete round length is given as 386 mm, AP-T is from 381.4 to 384.62 mm long overall, weighs 1.444 kg for the complete round and muzzle velocity is 880 m/s EGYPT Manufacturer Maasara Company for Engineering Type: HE-I-T Description: No longer in production. No data available but standard specifications assumed PAKISTAN Manufacturer Pakistan Ordnance Factories Type: HE-T Description: Similar specifications to FRAG-T OR-167N but uses a drawn 70:30 brass cartridge case. Complete round weight given as 1.417 kg and length as 381 to 384 mm. Projectile weight is 732 g and filling 36 g of RDX/Aluminium. TP-T also produced YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: HE-I-T, HE-I, API-T, AP-T, TP-T, TP Description: May no longer be in production. See specifications table and textRead More
82 mm ammunition for B-10 recoilless gun
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
China
82 mm ammunition for B-10 recoilless gun
Armament 82 mm B-10 recoilless gun; NORINCO 82 mm recoilless gun Type 65 and 65-1. Development The Soviet 82 mm B-10 smoothbore recoilless gun first appeared during the 1950s and is now rarely encountered other than, perhaps, with special forces. Some B-10 guns were exported to nations such as Egypt and Syria but most of them have now been withdrawn. The Chinese NORINCO concern, however, copied the basic B-10 design to produce the Type 65 and the later Type 65-1 which incorporates some slight alterations to lighten the carriage. For both Type 65 and Type 65-1 the ammunition remains the same. The Type 65-1 is apparently still in production and has been offered for export sales. Some have been exported to Pakistan and Tanzania . At one time 82 mm B-10 ammunition was manufactured in North Korea and Poland . The later NORINCO 82 mm Type 78 recoilless gun employs different ammunition (see following entry). Description The 82 mm B-10 recoilless gun rounds resemble mortar bombs and are produced in two forms, HEAT and FRAG-HE. There are two types of HEAT. One is the BK-881 and the other the BK-881M which has a slightly more powerful warhead. On both 82 mm HEAT rounds the pear-shaped body is made of cast steel with a long tubular boom threaded into the base. Around the base of the boom is placed the propellant charge in a manner similar to that used with mortar bombs but under the ring-shaped charge, which is held in position by two spoked rings, is a multiperforated steel disc through which the propellant gases are vented when the round is fired. The resultant muzzle velocity for the BK-881 is reported to be 322 m/s. The shaped warhead for the BK-881 contains 460 g of RDX. That for the BK-881M contains 550 g of RDX. The BK-881 is provided with a PIBD GK-2 while the BK-881M has a PIBD GK-2M. The BK-881M also has a slightly larger propelling charge. Both HEAT warheads are effective only up to combat ranges of about 400 m although the maximum possible range is greater. Up to 400 m both warheads can penetrate about 240 mm of armour under ideal conditions but accuracy can be affected by light side winds. The 82 mm O-881A FRAG-HE round follows the same general outline as the HEAT, with a fragmenting cast iron body containing 470 g of TNT and dinitronapthalene. Muzzle velocity is increased to 400 m/s and maximum range is a possible 4,500 m although effective combat ranges are much shorter. The nose fuze is a PD GK-2. Authorised fuzes HEAT - PD GK-2 or GK-2M FRAG-HE - PD GK-2 Equivalent rounds CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC CHINA Manufacturer China North Industries (NORINCO) Type: HEAT, FRAG-HE Description: Chinese 82 mm Type 65 rounds differ significantly from the Soviet original. The HEAT weighs 3.45 kg, is 583 mm long and has a muzzle velocity of 247 m/s. At 300 m the RDX 94 warhead can penetrate 120 mm of armour set at 65º. The FRAG-HE warhead contains between 777 and 782 steel spheres, creating a lethal radius of more than 20 m when the warhead detonates. The round weighs 4.6 kg and is 528.8 mm long. Muzzle velocity is 175 m/s and maximum range 1,750 mRead More
100 mm FRAG-HE 3UOF-10 and 3UOF-11 rounds
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
China
100 mm FRAG-HE 3UOF-10 and 3UOF-11 rounds
Armament 100 mm D-10 series tank guns (including NORINCO Type 59 ); 100 mm field gun BS-3; 100 mm KS-19 anti-aircraft gun; NORINCO 100 mm field gun and 100 mm anti-tank gun Type 73; 100 mm Field Gun M53 ; 100 mm towed anti-tank gun M1977 ; 100 mm towed anti-tank gun M1977 ( Romania ); 100 mm Coast Gun ( Yugoslavia ). Development Although these two 100 mm FRAG-HE rounds could theoretically be fired from almost any 100 mm rifled gun, they are intended primarily to be fired from 100 mm D-10 series tank guns and the 100 mm BS-3 field gun. This replaces the large array of HE and FRAG-HE rounds previously available (see previous entry). Both rounds employ the 100 mm FRAG-HE 3OF-32 projectile, the same as that used on the FRAG-HE 3UOF-17 round, employed with the 100 mm 2A70 gun/launcher carried by the BMP-3 MIFV (qv). As far as can be determined only the 3UOF-10 round is in current production. Production is by the Engineering Research Institute (NIMI) based in Moscow. Description The 100 mm FRAG-HE 3UOF-10 and 3UOF-11 rounds are fixed. The projectiles rigidly secured to the cartridge cases by a shallow crimping ring. The two rounds differ only in propellant load; both carry the 100 mm FRAG-HE 3OF32 projectile. The 100 mm FRAG-HE 3OF-32 projectile weighs 15.7 kg and contains 1.7 kg of Hexagen (A-IX-2, desensitised RDX/Aluminium) initiated by a PD V-429 fuze or a close derivative. TNT is an alternative filling. The cartridge cases (lacquered steel or brass may be used) can contain one of two possible propellant loads. From the limited information available to date it would appear that the 3UOF-10 round contains sufficient propellant to produce a muzzle velocity of 900 m/s and a maximum range of 16,800 m. The 3UOF-11 round has a maximum range of 20,600 m. Authorised fuzes PD V-429 or equivalent Equivalent rounds CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC CHINA Manufacturer China North Industries (NORINCO) Type: 100 mm HE-T Type 73 Description: Round length 1.106 m and weight 30 kg. Projectile is 580 mm long and weighs 15 kg. Muzzle velocity is 900 m/s and maximum range at a barrel elevation of 38º is 13,705 m. Tracer burns for 1.4 secondsRead More
30 mm ammunition for AK-230
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
China
30 mm ammunition for AK-230
Armament AK-230 Twin 30 mm mounting; NN-30 naval gun; twin barrel-mounted naval gun 30 mm Type 69 twin-barrel naval gun. Development The 30 mm AK-230 was developed during the late 1950s and entered service in 1960. It is a water-cooled, twin-barrelled weapon system intended for the short-range defence of warships or as the main armament of small vessels; the rate of fire is 1,000 rds/min from both barrels. It is possible that the guns involved were developed from aircraft cannon. The 30 mm AK-230 is used extensively and has been equally widely exported. It has been produced in China as the 30 mm Type 69 twin-barrel naval gun. Description The 30 mm ammunition, for the AK-230, is fixed with the projectile rigidly secured to the cartridge case by two 360º crimping rings. These engage in cannelures on the projectile, just behind two copper or gilding metal drive bands. The rimless cartridge cases are necked and have a wide extraction groove. There are two operational rounds produced, both with KB-2 electrical primers in the cartridge base. Muzzle velocity for both rounds is 1,050 m/s and effective slant range is 4,000 m. UOF-83 D HE The streamlined projectile involved with this round is the OF-83 D which weighs 270 g and contains 30 g of A-IX-2 explosive (a desensitised RDX/TNT mixture); the point impact fuze employed is the MG-30. The cartridge case contains 190 g of BPGR propellant. The Chinese 30 mm Type 69 only fires a locally produced variant of this round. UBR-83 AP-T The projectile involved with this round is the BR-83 which has a conical armour-piercing ogive; it does not contain explosive so does not have a fuze. The projectile weighs 350 g while the cartridge case contains 190 g of BPGR propellant. Inert practice and drill rounds are known to exist. Authorised fuzes PD MG-30 - HE only Equivalent rounds CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC CHINA Manufacturer China North Industries (NORINCO) Type: HE-T, HEI, TP Description: Offered for export sales. Standard specifications. HE-T tracing time is more than 8 seconds ROMANIA Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA Type: HE OF-83, HE F-83, AP-T BR-83 Description: HE F-83 differs only in having a MD-30 fuze and is marginally heavier than the HE OF-83. Otherwise standard specifications YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: HE-I, TP Description: Probably no longer in production but retained for service. Explosive payload is 31.1 g of an RDX/Aluminium mixture. Complete round weighs 1.066 kg and projectile 356 g; complete round length is 304 mm. A self-destruct element operates 12 to 17 seconds after firing. The inert TP round ballistically matches the HE-I.Read More
152 mm FRAG-HE 3OF45
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
China
152 mm FRAG-HE 3OF45
Armament 152 mm Gun-Howitzer 2A65 ( M1987 or MSTA-B). Self-propelled equipments include: 152 mm 2S19 Self-propelled Gun-Howitzer; 152 mm Self-propelled Howitzer ONDAVA. Development The 152 mm FRAG-HE 3OF45, may be regarded as the latest Russian Federation and Associated States (CIS) FRAG-HE ammunition development intended for general operational use with the latest generation of RFAS 152 mm long-barrelled gun-howitzers. It consists of three rounds which vary in the preloaded propellant charge involved. The 3VOF72 uses a long cartridge case with a Long Range charge. The 3VOF73 has a shorter cartridge case containing a Reduced charge. The 3VOF58 uses the same length case as the 3VOF73 but containing the Full Charge. Artillery pieces firing 152 mm 3OF45-type rounds can also fire existing rounds such as the 152 mm FRAG-HE OF-540. A 152 mm nuclear projectile was developed for the towed 152 mm D-20 and self-propelled 2S3 and 2S19 . This projectile has a yield of 0.2 kT. RH-ALAN of Zagreb, Croatia , market a 152 mm HE M84 round which resembles the FRAG-HE 3OF45 projectile but which is allied with a revised propellant system providing a muzzle velocity of 920 m/s and a maximum range of 24,400 m. Description The 152 mm FRAG-HE 3OF45 is a separate loading item of ammunition, consisting of the projectile and a variable charge system contained in a brass or lacquered steel cartridge case. The relatively thin-walled projectile is forged high-fragmentation steel with a long streamlined ogive, a hollow-based boat tail and a shallow bourrelet. A single copper drive band encircles the projectile just forward of the boat tail. The contents are nominally 7.65 kg of A-IX-2 (RDX 72 per cent, Aluminium 23 per cent, Wax 4 per cent). This explosive payload, combined with the high-fragmentation steel body, is claimed to provide the 152 mm FRAG-HE 3OF45 with an on-target effect 1.5 to 2 times that of the 152 mm FRAG-HE OF-540 (see previous entry), even though the projectile weights are virtually identical. The nose of the projectile is threaded to accept a variety of fuzes but no firm information is yet forthcoming regarding the models or types involved; mention has been made of PD KZ-88 and RGM-2 delay (0.027 to 0.055 second) fuzes. The cartridge cases involved with the three propellant charges are lacquered steel with a KV-4 percussion primer in the base. The Full Charge is 8.17 kg of NgTp (NDT-3); the Reduced Charge weighs 4.14 kg. The Reduced charge is made up of a base charge plus five increments, all in linen or cambric bags. Maximum muzzle velocity using the Long Range propellant charge is 810 m/s and maximum range 24,700 m. Corresponding figures for the Full Charge are 667 m/s and 19,400 m, while for the Reduced Charge they are 516 m/s and 14,370 m. Authorised fuzes PD KZ-88 and RGM-2 Equivalent projectiles CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC CHINA Manufacturer China North Industries Corporation (NORINCO) Type: 152 mm HE Type 83 Description: Developed for use with the 152 mm Gun Type 83 . The projectile weighs 48 kg, is 830 mm long and uses a cartridge case 960 mm long (weight approx 16 kg) which weighs 38 kg with a Full charge. The maximum muzzle velocity is 955 m/s and range 30,124 m CROATIA Manufacturer RH-ALAN Type: 152 mm HE M84 Description: Can be fired from the 152 mm M84 and M93 howitzers using a revised propellant system giving a muzzle velocity of 920 m/s and a maximum range of 24,400 m. Can be fitted with the PD M557 fuze as well as the RGM-2 and locally produced UTIU M72 . Total round weight is 70 kg CZECH REPUBLIC Manufacturer Konstrukta Defence Type: 152 mm FRAG-HE Description: This round, also known as 152 mm HE M1 BB, is part of a family of 152 mm ammunition developed for use with the ONDAVA self-propelled gun-howitzer. (Other projectiles include a FRAG-HE-BB similar to the RFAS 3OF61 and the EOF, the Czech FRAG-HE OF-540.) The FRAG-HE projectile weighs 40.6 kg complete and contains 7.9 kg of TNT/RDX. Muzzle velocity is 882 m/s and maximum range 32,150 m when fired from a 47 calibre ONDAVA barrel, using a special propellant charge. The base bleed unit for the 152 mm HE M1 weighs 2.15 kg, is 110 mm long and has a diameter of 116 mm FINLAND Manufacturer Patria Vammas Type: 152 mm HE Description: Muzzle velocity given as 673 m/s and maximum range 18,500 m. It is assumed that these figures are derived from use of the Full propellant charge Manufacturer Patria Vammas Type: 152 mm ERFB and ERFB-BB Description: See separate entry ROMANIA Manufacturer SN ROMARM SA Type: 152 mm HE OF-550 Description: Intended primarily for use with the Romanian 152 mm Model 81 Gun-Howitzer. Projectile length is 831 mm and the weight 43.56 kg. A muzzle velocity of 825 m/s produces a range of 24,000 m. Fitted with a PD RGM-2 fuze. May no longer be available SLOVAKIA Manufacturer Kerametal Company Limited Type: 152 mm HE-BT Description: This round, also known as the152 mm HE M1 BB, is part of a family of 152 mm ammunition developed for use with the ONDAVA self-propelled Gun-Howitzer. (Other projectiles include an HE M2 BB similar to the Russian Federation and Associated States (CIS) 3OF61 and the HE-540, equivalent to the FRAG-HE OF-540.) The FRAG-HE projectile weighs 40.6 kg complete and contains 7.9 kg of TNT/RDX. Muzzle velocity is 882 m/s and maximum range 32,150 m when fired from a 47 calibre ONDAVA barrel using a special propellant charge. The base bleed unit for the 152 mm HE M1 weighs 2.15 kg, is 110 mm long and has a diameter of 116 mmRead More
152 mm ICM 3-O-23
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
China
152 mm ICM 3-O-23
Armament 152 mm Gun-Howitzer D-20 ; 152 mm Gun-Howitzer 2A65 ( M1987 or MSTA-B); 152 mm 2A61 Howitzer. Self-propelled equipments include: 152 mm 2S19 Self-propelled Gun-Howitzer; 152 mm Self-propelled Howitzer ONDAVA. Development The 152 mm ICM 3-O-23 projectile (described in marketing literature as a Cluster HEAT-Bomblet projectile) is intended for use with the latest generation of Russian Federation and Associated States (CIS) 152 mm long-barrelled gun-howitzers. It is issued with a choice of two preloaded cartridge cases containing the variable propellant charges. The complete round with a long-range Full charge is the 3VO28. The Reduced charge is the 3VO29. There is also a 152 mm ICM 3-O-13 round carrying eight fragmentation submunitions - see following entry. Description As with other rounds in the 152 mm family, the 152 mm ICM 3-O-23 projectile is a separate loading munition. The steel carrier body has relatively thin steel walls, a long streamlined ogive, single copper drive band and a Base Bleed (BB) unit with a boat-tail outline secured to the base. The hollow interior contains 42 dual-purpose bomblets in six layers of seven, ready to be ejected through the base when the nose-mounted mechanical time fuze functions at a preselected time, igniting an expulsion charge inside the ogive. This should ideally occur at a height of 400 m. The bomblets will then be ejected to fall inside a ground area with dimensions of 145 m along the line of the carrier projectile's trajectory, and approximately 90 m wide. Each dual-purpose steel bomblet packed into the carrier is 62.5 mm long, has a diameter of 44 mm and weighs 350 g. As the bomblet is dispensed, a stabilising ribbon tail is released from the base which serves to ensure it falls warhead first and arms the impact fuze. The latter is achieved by using the bomblet's in-flight spin to turn a screw driving the bottom half of the body over the upper portion in a telescopic fashion. As the lower half strikes the ground the impact fuze functions and the bomblet detonates instantly. It uses an internal shaped charge, weighing 45 g, to penetrate up to 100 mm of homogeneous armour at an angle up to 30º from the normal. The steel body also creates anti-personnel fragments. The cartridge cases involved with the three propellant charges are lacquered steel with a KV-4 percussion primer in the base. No information is available regarding the weights and types of propellant involved, although one reference quotes a Full charge as containing 8.1 kg of NgTp (NDT-3). Maximum muzzle velocity is not known although maximum range is 26,500 m. Authorised fuzes MT - type not specified Equivalent rounds CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC CHINA Manufacturer China North Industries Corporation (NORINCO) Type: 152 mm Type 66 cargo projectile Description: See separate entry ISRAEL Manufacturer Israel Military Industries ( IMI ) Type: 152 mm DP-ICM M351 (CL 3162) and ER-DP-ICM M350 (CL 3150) Description: See separate entry SLOVAKIA Manufacturer Konstrukta Defence Type: 152 mm Cargo Projectile Trnovnik Description: Originally known as the 152 mm ICM EKK, the Trnovnik is virtually identical to the 152 mm ICM 3-O-23 and uses the same three cartridge case propellant system. A new design of dual-purpose bomblet has been developed for use with this projectile YUGOSLAVIA , FEDERAL REPUBLIC Manufacturer Yugoimport SDPR Type: 152 mm HE/ICM Description: Developed and produced primarily for use with the 152 mm Gun-Howitzer M84 series. Contains 63 KB-2 bomblets, each weighing 40 g and containing 35 g of FH-5 explosive. Muzzle velocity is 810 m/s and maximum range 22,500 m. Weight is 43.6 kg and length 842 mm. Fitted with an electronic fuze. May no longer be in productionRead More
152 mm Smoke D-540
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
China
152 mm Smoke D-540
Armament 152 mm Gun-Howitzer D-20 ; 152 mm Gun-Howitzer 2A65 ( M1987 or MSTA-B); 152 mm 2A61 Howitzer; 152 mm Howitzer M1943 (D-1); NORINCO 152 mm Gun-Howitzer Type 66 ; NORINCO 152 mm Gun-Howitzer Type 37; 152 mm Model 1981 Gun-Howitzer ( Romania ); 152 mm Model 85 Gun-Howitzer ( Romania ); 152 mm Howitzer M84 series (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ). Self-propelled equipments include: 152 mm Self-propelled Howitzer M-1973 ( 2S3 ); 152 mm 2S19 Self-propelled Gun-Howitzer; NORINCO Type 83 Self-propelled Gun-Howitzer; 152 mm Self-propelled Howitzer DANA and ONDAVA. Development The 152 mm Smoke D-540 (actual calibre 152.4 mm) is the successor to the earlier D-530 developed originally for use with the 152 mm Howitzer M1943 ( D-30 ) - the two projectiles are compatible. The Smoke D-540 does not appear to remain in production in Russia . There were two 152 mm chemical rounds based on the design of the D-540. One projectile weighed 40 kg and contained 2.8 kg of Sarin (GB) nerve agent dispersed by a TNT burster charge. The other projectile weighed 42.5 kg and contained 5.4 kg of thickened Lewisite (L) blister agent, also dispersed in vapour and aerosol form by a TNT burster charge. Both types have been withdrawn from service and are scheduled for destruction. Description The 152 mm Smoke D-540 is a separate loading ammunition, consisting of the projectile and a variable charge system contained in a brass or lacquered steel cartridge case. The projectile is forged steel with a long streamlined ogive, a boat tail and a shallow bourrelet. A single copper drive band is just over 24 mm wide. The contents are a nominal 6.626 kg of White Phosphorus (WP), this is released when the projectile body is burst open by an internal burster charge following detonation, via an unspecified model of point detonating fuze. When the WP contents contact the atmosphere they start to create clouds of grey/white screening smoke. The 152 mm ammunition uses a two-part variable charge system contained in brass or lacquered steel cartridge cases 547.5 mm long. The two parts are the Reduced Charge and the Full Charge, each in its own cartridge case. The Reduced Charge uses nitrocellulose powder in a series of 12 bags. Charge 6, the lowest comprises the base bag charge only, to which a series of equal size bags are added to create higher charges. One charge bag is added to the base charge bag to comprise Charge 5, two are added for Charge 4, three for Charge 3 and five for Charge 2. These are all held in place by a fibre cup. The total weight of the Reduced Charge propellant is 4.2 kg. The Full Charge uses NGH or NDT-3 powder in bags. Charge 1 has two base bag charges, one located above the other. To create the Full Charge two further equal size bag charges are added. A fibre cup holds the charge bags in place. The total weight of the Full Charge propellant is 8.8 kg. Both charges are initiated by a KV-4 percussion primer in the base of the cartridge case. With a 152 mm gun-howitzer such as the D-20 the Reduced Charge muzzle velocities vary from 282 to 511 m/s. This produces ranges from 6,710 to 13,400 m. The Full Charge produces a muzzle velocity of 655 m/s and a maximum range of 17,400 m. Authorised fuzes PD - type not specified Equivalent projectiles CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC CHINA Manufacturer China North Industries Corporation (NORINCO) Type: Smoke for 152 mm Type 66 Description: Creates a smoke screen 40 to 50 m high and 30 to 45 m wide for 50 to 60 seconds. Fitted with Yan-2 fuze. Otherwise standard specifications Manufacturer China North Industries Corporation (NORINCO) Type: 152 mm Marker Smoke Description: Produces a dense red smoke cloud visible by eye at a range of 7,000 m and lasting at least 50 seconds. Projectile weighs 43.5 kg, is a maximum of 707.14 mm long and is fitted with a WC410 impact fuze. Maximum range is 17,200 mRead More
155 mm extended range full-bore smoke BE
Ammunition, Missiles and precision weaponsAmmunition, Missiles and precision weapons
South Africa
155 mm extended range full-bore smoke BE
Armament Towed 155 mm howitzers: NORICUM GH N-45 ; CITEFA CALA 30/2; SRC International GC 45; NORINCO Type WA 021 and Type GM-45 ; Patria Vammas 155 GH 52 Howitzer; Giat Industries TR and 155/52 guns and M114F Howitzer; FH-70 ; Soltam Model 839P, 845P, Upgraded M-46 and M114S ; Otobreda 155/39; KH179 ; RDM M139 and M114/39 ; STK FH-88 and FH-2000; LIW G5; SITECSA 155/45 ST 012, M114 155/45 and M114 155/39; SANTA BARBARA SB 155/39 and 155/52 APU SBT-1 Howitzers; Bofors FH-77B ; Extended Range Gun ( Taiwan ); XM777 Lightweight Towed Howitzer; M46/84 (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ). Self-propelled 155 mm howitzers: TAMSE VCA 155; NORINCO PLZ45 Self-propelled Gun-Howitzer; Giat Industries CAESAR 155/52; PzH 2000 ; Rheinmetall M109A3G and M44T ; Majnoon ( Iraq ); Soltam Rascal and Slammer; Otobreda Palmaria and M109L ; K9 Thunder ( South Korea ); ZTS ZUZANA ( Slovakia ); LIW G6; XT-69 ( Taiwan ); AS90 and Braveheart ; M109A4, M109A5 and M109A6 Paladin; XM2001/XM2002 Crusader AFAS. Development The 155 mm ERFB Smoke BE projectile was the first of the ERFB `cargo' rounds to be developed. The basic 155 mm ERFB outline is retained but the method of manufacturing the shell body differs from the `one-piece' ERFB projectiles and there are differences in the payload configurations between European and South African produced designs. During 1996, India placed a contract with Denel of South Africa for a total of 50,000 rounds of 155 mm ERFB ammunition. The contract was worth approximately R840 million (US$24.1 million) and included 5,000 Smoke rounds (type unspecified) reportedly offered at a cost of US$800 to 900 each. Description While the outline of the 155 mm ERFB Smoke BE is the same as that for the 155 mm ERFB HE, the 155 mm ERFB Smoke BE projectile is manufactured in three parts. The main high-grade steel body is manufactured in two halves with the forward aluminium section threading into the main forged steel body without disturbing the constant outline of the streamlined ogive. On the 155 mm ERFB Smoke BE the base unit is a steel drag reducing boat tail component with a cavity. The 155 mm ERFB-BB Smoke BE base is closed by a Base Bleed (BB) unit. The smoke composition used with these projectiles is enclosed in a number of cylindrical metal canisters with a flash channel running through their centres. On `European' 155 mm ERFB and ERFB-BB Smoke BE projectiles, such as those produced by Eurometaal NV, the number of canisters carried is five, two small and three large. South African 155 mm M1 SCM projectiles contain four canisters weighing 13.2 kg and a Hexachloroethane (HC) type composition. Before firing, the usual transport and handling lifting plug is removed and replaced by a MTSQ fuze, such as the M577A1, or an electronic time fuze. When the fuze functions at the selected time after firing, ideally at an optimum height of 400 mm over the target area, it detonates an expulsion charge which creates internal pressures forcing the payload down against the base to remove the base burn or base bleed unit. The same expulsion charge also creates flash to ignite the smoke canister contents so that they burn as soon as they are ejected from the base. The type of smoke produced is usually dense grey/white screening smoke. As a typical example the smoke canisters used with the Eurometaal produced projectiles have two lengths of smoke production time. The two small canisters produce smoke for 60 seconds and the three largest for 120 seconds, sufficient to lay a smoke screen 200 m long, 50 m wide and 30 m high (depending on conditions). The smoke produced by the South African M1 SCM may be white, red, yellow or blue for marking purposes as well as screening. South African 155 mm ERFB projectiles may be converted in the field to remove boat tails from ERFB projectiles and fit base bleed units to produce ERFB-BB projectiles. The process is carried out using a projectile clamping table which can also be used to remove damaged obturators and fit new ones. The table can be folded flat and weighs 25 kg. To take full advantage of the range potential of 155 mm ERFB and ERFB-BB Smoke BE projectiles they are usually fired with high-energy charges, typically the NATO M3A1 (zones 3, 4 and 5), M4A2 (zones 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7), M119A1 (zone 8), M203 (zone 9) or the M11 (zone 10), the latter being restricted to 45 calibre or longer barrels. The propelling system for the LIW 155 mm G5 and G6 gun-howitzers originally involved a three-charge cloth bag system. This has been replaced by a modular system, developed by SOMCHEM , involving combustible cases with a built-in charge retaining device. The system may be used with ERFB (above the basic Charge 2), ERFB-BB projectiles and all 155 mm NATO projectiles. The lowest charge for the Denel modular charge system is the Charge Propelling 155 mm Modular Charge 1 M51 . The combustible container for this charge is red and contains single-base granular propellant. The igniter consists of a combination of 20 g G12 gunpowder and 40 g CBI. The charge weighs approximately 2.3 kg, is 211 mm long and has a diameter of 164 mm. The next charge is the Charge Propelling 155 mm Modular Charge 2 M52 . The combustible case is blue and houses triple-base propellant cords. The diameter at the front of the case is reduced to allow it to friction fit into the rear of a Charge 2 increment (see below). The igniter consists of a combination of 20 g G12 gunpowder and 40 g CBI. The charge weighs 5.6 kg, is 373 mm long and the diameter is 164 mm. This modular system continues with the Charge Propelling 155 mm Modular Increment M52 . One or two of these increments can be added to the normal Charge 2. Charge 2 plus one increment can be used with boat tailed ERFB and all NATO 155 mm projectiles. Charge 2 plus two increments can be used with ERFB, ERFB-BB and all NATO 155 mm projectiles. Each increment is contained in a green combustible case containing triple-base propellant cords. The igniter consists of 60 g of G12 gunpowder. The charge weighs approximately 4 kg, is 289 mm long and the diameter is 164 mm. The top charge of the modular system is the Charge Propelling 155 mm Modular Charge 3 M53 . The charge is contained in a purple (jacaranda) combustible case containing triple-base tubular propellant. The igniter consists of G12 gunpowder. The charge weighs 17.1 kg, is 930 mm long and the diameter is 164 mm. All charges are ignited by the Tube Percussion M82 which contains 1.4 to 1.5 g of gunpowder. The tube is 49.37 mm long with a diameter over the rim of 15.24 mm. With this system the following ballistic performances can be achieved using a 155 mm 45 calibre barrel: Charge 1 - MV 350 ±5 m/s - max range 9,100 m Charge 2 - MV 483 ±5 m/s - max range 13,400 m Charge 2 + 1 increment - MV 645 ±5 m/s - max range 19,000 m Charge 2 + 2 increments - MV 795 ±5 m/s - max range 25,400 m Charge 2 + 2 increments + BB - MV 789 ±5 m/s - max range 31,000 m Charge 3, standard shell - MV 897 ±5 m/s - max range 30,200 m Charge 3 + BB - MV 895 ±5 m/s - max range 39,000 m. A typical range for the 155 mm ERFB Smoke BE when fired from 45 calibre barrels is 30,000 m. When fired from the same calibre length barrel a typical 155 mm ERFB-BB Smoke BE projectile can reach 39,000 m. This modular charge system has now been replaced by one involving up to six M62A1 combustible modular charges all with the same content and meeting the NATO Joint Ballistics MoU. The charges are produced by SOMCHEM and can be used with ordnance up to 52 calibres long. Other similar modular charge systems could be employed. One-piece Combustible Cartridge Cases (CCC) have been developed for use with 155 mm ERFB projectiles. A typical example is the C30 charge manufactured by Chartered Ammunition Industries of Singapore . The C30 contains 14 kg of triple-base propellant, is 770 mm long and has a diameter of 160 mm. It will provide a range of 30,000 m using a 39 calibre barrel and 40,000 m using a 45 calibre barrel. One further charge developed for use with 39 and 45 calibre barrels firing 155 mm ERFB projectiles is the Propelling Charge No 16 produced by Eurometaal NV of the Netherlands. This is a separate loading single-bag charge of single-base nitrocellulose CH21 propellant with a 50 g clean-burning igniter in a red cloth bag sewn onto the base. The charge incorporates a central igniter core and a flash reducer containing 250 g of potassium sulphate. A wear-reducing and decoppering liner are sewn to the inner surface of the bag. The complete charge weighs 13.12 kg, 12.12 kg of which is the CH21 propellant. It is 764 mm long. A variant of the 155 mm ERFB Smoke BB produced in South Africa , the Shell 155 mm Leaflet BE M2, can be used to carry 3,500 leaflets for propaganda or information purposes - see following entry. Authorised fuzes MTSQ M577 series Electronic NINA, ZELAR, Fuchs M8611 and so on Equivalent projectiles CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC CHINA Manufacturer China North Industries Corporation (NORINCO) Type: 155 mm ERFB Smoke BE Description: Carries two smoke canisters with total weight of 10.9 kg. Larger pot emits smoke for 120 seconds and a smaller pot for 65 seconds. Maximum range given as 26,000 m. A variant, which may be a later development, carries five smoke containers which produce smoke for 100 seconds. Weight of this variant is 44.85 kg and maximum range given as 25,000 m. Fuze is MS-200 ET or MTSQ M577A1 NETHERLANDS Manufacturer Eurometaal NV Type: 155 mm ERFB and ERFB-BB Smoke BE Description: Specifications as text. Available for production. Propelling charge No 16 also produced SOUTH AFRICA Manufacturer SWARTKLIP Products Type: Shell 155 mm Screening Smoke BE M2 Description: Specifications as text. Marketed by Denel SWITZERLAND Manufacturer NORICUM Type: SEN-155 mm HC-Smoke Description: Marketed by T & T Technology Trading Limited. Contains four HC smoke canisters, Weight with boat tail 46.5 kg and BB 48.5 kgRead More
logo
HomeAbout UsPricing
AmbassadorWidgetsHelpContact Us
ProductsCompanies
Learning HubVideo TutorialsFAQs
Terms & ConditionsPrivacy PolicyCookie Policy
© Milzo Ltd, 2026 all rights reserved.
Milzo.net is an information and networking platform. We do not act as a broker, intermediary, or agent in any transaction. All data, product listings, supplier profiles, and communications are provided on an “as-is” basis and must be independently verified by users.

Milzo.net assumes no responsibility for the accuracy, legality, or safety of products, offers, or communications, including any defense-related, restricted, or dual-use items. All users are solely responsible for complying with applicable laws, export controls, licensing, and due-diligence requirements.