Name: Mauser 27 mm ammunition
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Northern Europe

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<h2>Armament</h2><p>Mauser BK 27 × 145 mm Gun System (BK 27); Mauser MLG 27 naval gun; Mauser Drakon CIWS; Mauser UGP 27 universal gun pod .</p><h2>Development</h2><p>The Mauser BK 27 × 145 mm gun system (BK 27) was developed primarily for the MultiRole Combat Aircraft (MRCA) which later became the Tornado. Development of the gun was completed in1976, and the Mauser BK 27 is now the integral gun armament of Tornado strike aircraft in service with Germany, Italy, Saudi Arabia and the UK. The Mauser BK 27 is also used on the Alpha Jet and is the gun armament of the Swedish JAS 39A Gripen (in service with Sweden and ordered by South Africa ) and the European Eurofighter (EF 2000) developed by Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK. In April 2000, Eurofighter orders stood at Germany180, Italy 121, Spain 87 and the UK 232. Eurofighters destined for the RAF will not carry the BK 27 cannon. Over 3,100 BK 27 guns have been produced. The BK 27 has been selected as the weapon for the future US Joint Strike Fighter (JSF). Two separate JSF designs are under development by Boeing and Lockheed-Martin. For this application the BK 27 has been modified by a team comprising Mauser, Boeing, General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems and Western Design . The latter is responsible for the linkless, case recovery ammunition handling system. Boeing acquired a licence to manufacture the BK 27 during 1998. The Mauser Drakon CIWS is a naval gun system mounting four BK 27 pattern cannon producing a combined cyclic rate of fire of 7,200 rds/min. It has yet to be adopted by any navy. The Mauser MN 27/30 GS naval gun mounting, originally intended to accommodate either the Mauser BK 27 or a MK 30 cannon, has been superseded by the MLG 27 light naval gun system. Carrying a single BK 27 cannon, it is on order to replace all existing 20 and 40 mm air defence guns and mountings operated by the German Navy. Mauser have developed the UGP 27 universal gun pod together with Aerotek of South Africa . The UGP 27 contains a single BK 27 cannon and may be used with a wide range of trainer, ground attack and fighter aircraft . All types of full calibre 27 × 145 mm ammunition used with the BK 27 and its derivatives have matching ballistics and the same overall weights and dimensions according to STANAG 3820. Mauser-Werke Oberndorf GmbH (now part of Rheinmetall DeTec) is the developer for this ammunition and remains the main contractor for the Tornado programme. Also involved with the production of the 27 × 145 mm ammunition family are BAE Systems , RO Defence, BPD Difesa e Spazio (now Simmel Difesa SpA) of Italy, and Diehl Stiftung of Germany. The UK Ministry of Defence awarded Nammo Raufoss AS of Norway a contract to develop a MultiPurpose (MP) 27 mm round for the Royal Air Force's Tornado squadrons. The result, the M90 , has qualified for service.</p><h2>Description</h2><p>The types of full calibre 27 × 145 mm ammunition fired from the Mauser 27 mm BK revolver aircraft cannon can be put into three main categories: air-to-air combat; air-to-ground combat; and training ammunition. To these can be added the Nammo Raufoss MP rounds, the APFSDS anti-missile round developed for the Drakon CIWS, the FAPDS for the MGL 27, and the proposed US JSF cannon . The cartridge case used with all rounds is of lacquered steel. It has an electrical current dependent primer in the base and contains approximately 85 g of triple base multiperforated propellant. Rounds are delivered to the revolving feed magazine on the gun in belts connected by DM 80 steel cartridge belt links. On the EF 2000 rounds are delivered to the feed mechanism linklessly. Full calibre ammunition There are three types of Mauser 27 mm full calibre HE ammunition: HE DM 21; HE DM 31 ; and the self-destruct HE-SD DM 11 . They are all designed for operations against aircraft in air-to-air combat. All have an electro-magnetic nose fuze which functions even at extremely flat impact angles. A delayed action in the fuze ensures good fragmentation after the projectile has entered the target. There are five types of AP cartridge: APHE DM 13; APHE-SD DM 23; SAPHE DM 53; and SAPHE-SD DM 43. The AP DM 43 uses a tungsten carbide penetrator to produce the armour penetration effects while zirconium in the penetrator nose and around the base provides an additional incendiary effect. The APHE DM 13 and APHE-SD DM 23 both have a mechanical delayed action base fuze, with or without a Self-Destruct (SD) element. An incendiary composition is pressed into the projectile nose to create an additional incendiary effect. Aluminium powder is added to the explosive charge which, in conjunction with the detonation cloud and atmospheric oxygen, creates additional flaming and increases the blast effect. The SAPHE DM 43 and SAPHE-SD DM 53 both have a mechanical delayed action base fuze while the projectile tip carries an incendiary charge and a zirconium sponge pellet. These SAPHE rounds are intended for use against armoured and unarmoured targets. A MultiPurpose (MP) projectile will function against a 2 mm dural plate at impact angles between 0 and 87º NATO at normal combat ranges but will not function against a 0.5 mm dural plate placed directly in front of the gun muzzle. No fuze is involved as the MP projectile relies on a drop safe pyrotechnic ignition train. When impacting against aircraft type targets the projectile will detonate approximately 300 mm inside the aircraft. Fragments are distributed in a cone with an opening angle of approximately ±20ºagainst the line of fire. Training ammunition There are four 27 mm training cartridges: TP DM 28; TP-T DM 58; TP-FRAN DM 38; and the inert DM 10 drill round. The TP-FRAN projectile body consists of an aluminium alloy body with shear lines and is filled with iron powder pellets. On impact at angles between 0 and 80º NATO no effective fragments will ricochet from the target, be it water, sand, wood, concrete or steel. This substantially reduces the ricochet risk against aircraft during practice firings. A non-ricochet TPFP-T round, developed in conjunction with Schweizerische Unternehmungun für Waffensystem, is used by German Luftwaffe at the Tornado training unit based at Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico . Recocking cartridge The DM 72 is a recocking cartridge for the BK 27 gun system, intended to recock the gun in the event of a misfire. Sub-calibre ammunition An APFSDS round has been released for service with the Mauser Drakon CIWS. It consists of a long-rod tungsten alloy penetrator with high strength mechanical properties. The fin-stabilised penetrator is accelerated by a three-segment aluminium sabot instead of a slipping drive band. It has a muzzle velocity of 1,100 m/s and can destroy a sea-skimming missile with a single hit. This round may also be used with the MGL 27 light naval gun system. MGL 27 ammunition In theory, the MGL 27 light naval gun system can utilise any 27 × 145 mm round, including the APFSDS-T, but the main operational nature is expected to be a specially-developed FAPDS. It consists of a brittle tungsten alloy penetrator, ejection moulded in a plastic sabot with an integral plastic band. The penetrator is spin stabilised and released in front of the muzzle. Disintegration of the penetrator into a large number of fragments occurs even at low impact angles against thin plates and materials such as fibre-reinforced plastics, together with blast and incendiary effects. A muzzle velocity of over 1,100 m/s coupled with a low drag coefficient results in a short time of flight and increased hit probabilities. TP rounds are produced for training purposes, along with a projected TP-FP. JSF ammunition Four natures of 27 × 145 mm ammunition have been proposed for the Advanced 27 mm aircraft cannon selected for the future JSF. The cannon will have a linkless feed from left or right, and will have a case recovery capability. A range capability of 4,000 m has been specified. One of the two main operational rounds will be a HEDP developed by General Dynamics Ordnance and Tactical Systems with a `smart' dual-function fuze. An API will utilise a state of the art tungsten penetrator. Two training rounds will be available, a TP and a frangible TP-F. As with other 27 × 145 mm ammunition, all rounds will be ballistically matched.</p><h2>Authorised fuzes</h2><p>See text (where applicable) Equivalent rounds ITALY</p><p>ITALY</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>Simmel Difesa SpA</p><p>Type: APHE, TP</p><p>Description: Standard specifications</p><p>NORWAY</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>Nammo Raufoss AS</p><p>Type: MP M90 Description: See text UNITED KINGDOM</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>BAE Systems , RO Defence</p><p>Type: HE, API, TP</p><p>Description: Standard specifications</p>

The Mauser 27 mm ammunition is the types of full calibre 27 × 145 mm ammunition fired from the Mauser 27 mm BK revolver aircraft cannon can be put into three main categories: air-to-air combat; air-to-ground combat; and training ammunition. To these can be added the Nammo Raufoss MP rounds, the APFSDS anti-missile round developed for the Drakon CIWS, the FAPDS for the MGL 27, and the proposed US JSF cannon. The cartridge case used with all rounds is of lacquered steel. It has an electrical current dependent primer in the base and contains approximately 85 g of triple base multiperforated propellant. Rounds are delivered to the revolving feed magazine on the gun in belts connected by DM 80 steel cartridge belt links. On the EF 2000 rounds are delivered to the feed mechanism linklessly. Full calibre ammunition There are three types of Mauser 27 mm full calibre HE ammunition: HE DM 21; HE DM 31 ; and the self-destruct HE-SD DM 11. They are all designed for operations against aircraft in air-to-air combat. All have an electro-magnetic nose fuze which functions even at extremely flat impact angles. A delayed action in the fuze ensures good fragmentation after the projectile has entered the target.

The TP-FRAN projectile body consists of an aluminium alloy body with shear lines and is filled with iron powder pellets. On impact at angles between 0 and 80º NATO no effective fragments will ricochet from the target, be it water, sand, wood, concrete or steel. This substantially reduces the ricochet risk against aircraft during practice firings. A non-ricochet TPFP-T round, developed in conjunction with Schweizerische Unternehmungun für Waffensystem, is used by German Luftwaffe at the Tornado training unit based at Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico. Recocking cartridge The DM 72 is a recocking cartridge for the BK 27 gun system, intended to recock the gun in the event of a misfire. Sub-calibre ammunition An APFSDS round has been released for service with the Mauser Drakon CIWS. It consists of a long-rod tungsten alloy penetrator with high strength mechanical properties. The fin-stabilised penetrator is accelerated by a three-segment aluminium sabot instead of a slipping drive band. It has a muzzle velocity of 1,100 m/s and can destroy a sea-skimming missile with a single hit. This round may also be used with the MGL 27 light naval gun system.

In over a hundred years of continued operation, Simmel Difesa acquired comprehensive knowledge and expertise in the ammunition business, combining the experience of famous European players into a modern and agile company.
Today, Simmel Difesa supplies medium and large calibre ammunition to more than 40 countries worldwide.
Over the time, the company developed its know-how in all ammunition components, from propellants and explosives to metal parts and fuses. Thanks to its experience, Simmel Difesa is able to optimize the components’ integration in order to conceive first-class products.
Simmel Difesa gained a reputation as a leader in naval ammunition, and is now – after decades of successful cooperation – the preferred supplier for Oto-Melara guns. Its in-house capability to design and manufacture advanced proximity fuses led Simmel Difesa to become a world leader on the air defense ammunition market.
Equipped with a powerful and flexible manufacturing infrastructure, and benefitting from the dedication of its highly skilled workforce and a dependable supply chain, Simmel Difesa is able to quickly respond to its customers’ requirements with reliable and high-performance products.

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Mauser 27 mm ammunition

Mauser 27 mm ammunition

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