Name: 122 mm Illuminating S-463
Availability: InStock

Item Type

Item State

Type

Guidance

Caliber

Weights projectile

Weights illuminating body

Weights illuminating compound

D-30

Lengths projectile, fuzed

Diameter over cartridge case rim

Northern Africa

Egypt

Eastern Asia

China

Southern Asia

Iran

Eastern Europe

Romania

<h2>Armament</h2><p>122 mm Howitzer M1938 ( M-30 ); NORINCO 122 mm Howitzer Type 54-1 ; NORINCO 122 mm Howitzer Type 83; 122 mm Howitzer D-30 ; NORINCO 122 mm Howitzer D-30 ; 122 mm Howitzer D-30 RH M94 ; 122 mm Howitzer D-30J ; Factory 100 D-30-M; 122 mm Saddam Howitzer; Hadid 122 mm Howitzer HM40. NORINCO 122 mm Self-propelled Howitzer Type 54 and 54-1; NORINCO 122 mm Self-propelled Howitzer Type 85 ; 122 mm Self-propelled Howitzer M-1974 ( 2S1 ); Model 89 122 mm Self-propelled Howitzer ; Hadid 122 mm Self-propelled Howitzer HM51 ( Thunder 1 ).</p><h2>Development</h2><p>Originally developed for use with the 122 mm Howitzer M1938 ( M-30 ), the 122 mm Illuminating S-463 can also be used with 122 mm gun-howitzers of the D-30 and self-propelled M-1974 ( 2S1 - also known as the SO-122 or Gvozdika) type. Essentially similar 122 mm carrier projectiles containing propaganda leaflets are known as the 122 mm G-462 and G-463. These remain available from SN ROMARM SA of Romania .</p><h2>Description</h2><p>The 122 mm Illuminating S-463 is a separate loading round, with the projectile and cartridge case loaded separately so that, where appropriate, the propellant charges can be altered to suit the fire mission. The body of the 122 mm Illuminating S-463 projectile is forged steel with a relatively short streamlined ogive, a pronounced bourrelet and a distinct boat tail. There is a single copper drive band just under 21 mm wide. The main recognition of the S-463 compared with other 122 mm projectiles is the long T-7 mechanical time fuze threaded into the fuze cavity in the nose. The fuze is normally kept protected by a conical cover until it is required for setting. The T-7 mechanical time fuze is set to function as the 122 mm Illuminating S-463 projectile reaches a height of about 450 m above the target area. As the fuze functions it ignites a 20 g expulsion charge in a container inside the hollow ogive. The resultant pressure forces the illuminating body and its suspension parachute from the projectile, forcing off the base in the process, after retaining shear pins have been broken. The expulsion charge also ignites the illuminating compound. The illuminating body weighs 1 kg and burns for up to 25 seconds, producing white light with an intensity of 450,000 candela, as it descends. Rate of descent of the illuminating body is a maximum of 10 m/s. The 122 mm Howitzer M1938 ( M-30 ) ammunition system uses a `multisection' system of propelling charges. The total weight of the nitrocellulose powder charges is 2.2 kg, made from a system of nine bags. The basic charge, Charge 8, is a single-base charge bag. The system is built up until the Charge 1 stage is reached which is formed by the base charge bag, four equal section bag charges in a lower layer and three equal section bag charges in an upper layer. The Full Charge is produced by adding one further bag charge to the upper layer, making a total of nine bags in all, which are all held in place by a fibre cup. They are all contained in a brass cartridge case, 284 mm long and weighing 3.25 kg, with a brass percussion primer housing, 25 mm long, threaded into the centre of the base. It is possible to use a cartridge case issued with the Full Charge ready packed and with no facility to alter the charges. This charge system produces a range of muzzle velocities ranging from 205 m/s at the lower end (minimum range 5,350 m) up to the 515 m/s (maximum range 11,800 m) produced by the Full Charge. However, the maximum airburst/ejection range is 11,000 m. When the S-463 is fired from the 122 mm Howitzer D-30 or self-propelled 2S1 a longer brass or lacquered steel cartridge case (length 447 mm, weight (steel) 3.66 kg) is involved. This can contain nitrocellulose powder in a `Reduced Charge' form, containing five variable charge bags weighing a total of 2.43 kg, or a single prepacked Full Charge weighing 3.8 kg. The muzzle velocity using the Full Charge is 680 to 690 m/s and the maximum range 17,360 m. The maximum muzzle velocity using the `Reduced Charge' cartridge is 565 m/s and maximum range 15,300 m. Maximum airburst/ejection range will be less than these two figures.</p><h2>Authorised fuzes</h2><p>MT T-7 Equivalent rounds CHINA , PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC</p><p>MT</p><p>CHINA</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>China North Industries Corporation (NORINCO)</p><p>Type: 122 mm Illuminating Type 54</p><p>Description: Intended primarily for use with 122 mm Type 54 and Type 54-1. Uses Shi-2 time fuze.</p><p>Muzzle velocity given as 496 m/s. Otherwise standard specifications</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>China North Industries Corporation (NORINCO)</p><p>Type: 122 mm Illuminating for D-30</p><p>Description: Intended primarily for use with 122 mm towed D-30 series and 2S1 self-propelled howitzers. Projectile weight is 21 kg and maximum projectile length 573 mm. The magnesium, sodium nitrate and binder illuminating body can produce 660,000 candela of yellow light for at least 60 seconds, descending at a rate of 7 m/s. Muzzle velocity is 683 m/s and maximum deployed range 14,500 m (minimum 4,000 m). Fitted with MT Shi-1 fuze</p><p>EGYPT</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>Heliopolis Industry for Chemical Industries (F.81)</p><p>Type: 122 mm Illuminating</p><p>Description: Intended primarily for use with 122 mm Howitzer M1939 ( M-30 ). Complete round</p><p>weighs 29.804 kg and projectile 21.76 kg. Maximum range at muzzle velocity of 515 m/s is 11,800 m.</p><p>Fitted with T-7 fuze. Produces 500,000 candela. May no longer be in production</p><p>IRAN</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>Defence Industries Organisation, Ammunition Group</p><p>Type: 122 mm Illuminating</p><p>Description: Intended primarily for use with 122 mm Howitzer D-30 . Projectile weight given as 20.5</p><p>kg</p><p>ROMANIA</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>SN ROMARM SA</p><p>Type: 122 mm Illuminating</p><p>Description: Intended for use with D-30 . Produces 800,000 candela. Also available is a 122 mm</p><p>Propaganda projectile for firing from M-30 series howitzer; it carries 1 kg of leaflets</p>

The 122 mm Illuminating S-463 is a separate loading round, with the projectile and cartridge case loaded separately so that, where appropriate, the propellant charges can be altered to suit the fire mission. The body of the 122 mm Illuminating S-463 projectile is forged steel with a relatively short streamlined ogive, a pronounced bourrelet and a distinct boat tail. There is a single copper drive band just under 21 mm wide. The main recognition of the S-463 compared with other 122 mm projectiles is the long T-7 mechanical time fuze threaded into the fuze cavity in the nose. The fuze is normally kept protected by a conical cover until it is required for setting. The T-7 mechanical time fuze is set to function as the 122 mm Illuminating S-463 projectile reaches a height of about 450 m above the target area. As the fuze functions it ignites a 20 g expulsion charge in a container inside the hollow ogive. The resultant pressure forces the illuminating body and its suspension parachute from the projectile, forcing off the base in the process, after retaining shear pins have been broken. The expulsion charge also ignites the illuminating compound. The illuminating body weighs 1 kg and burns for up to 25 seconds, producing white light with an intensity of 450,000 candela, as it descends.

The total weight of the nitrocellulose powder charges is 2.2 kg, made from a system of nine bags. The basic charge, Charge 8, is a single-base charge bag. The system is built up until the Charge 1 stage is reached which is formed by the base charge bag, four equal section bag charges in a lower layer and three equal section bag charges in an upper layer. The Full Charge is produced by adding one further bag charge to the upper layer, making a total of nine bags in all, which are all held in place by a fibre cup. They are all contained in a brass cartridge case, 284 mm long and weighing 3.25 kg, with a brass percussion primer housing, 25 mm long, threaded into the centre of the base. It is possible to use a cartridge case issued with the Full Charge ready packed and with no facility to alter the charges.

122 mm Illuminating S-463

122 mm Illuminating S-463

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