Name: Cartridge, 105 mm: Illumination M314
Availability: InStock

Item State

Item Type

Type

Guidance

Caliber

Weights complete round

Weights projectile

Weights filling, illuminating

Weights propellant, nominal

Lengths complete round

Lengths projectile less fuze

Lengths cartridge case

Max diameter over body

Diameter over driving band

Type of propellant

Illumination

Burning time

Northern America

Canada

United States

Eastern Asia

South Korea

Southern Asia

Iran

Southern Europe

Greece

Italy

Spain

Western Europe

Belgium

France

Australia and New Zealand

Australia

<h2>Armament</h2><p>M101/M101A1, M102 (towed) and M108 (self-propelled) howitzers; Otobreda 105/14 Pack Howitzer (L5); RO Defence L119/M119A1 Towed Howitzer; Howitzer, Light, Towed: 105 mm KH178 ( South Korea ); Giat Industries LG1 Mk I and Mk II Light Gun and M101A1 Modernised (France); Type 75 self-propelled howitzer ( Japan ); NDSB SAKTI 105 mm Light Gun ( Malaysia ); RDM 105 mm M101/33 (Netherlands); 105 mm m/26 (Spain); T64 105 mm Howitzer ( Taiwan ); M101 Modified (Germany); 105 mm Howitzer M56 (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ).</p><h2>Development</h2><p>The Cartridge, 105 mm: Illumination M314 is intended to illuminate targets or target areas and may also be used for signalling or marking purposes. It has been produced in a number of sub-variants, with the main types being the M314A1, the M314A2 and the M314A3, the latter being the standard US Army version. The main distinction is that the M314A1 and M314A2 use the MTSQ M501 series of fuzes, while the M314A3 uses the MT M565 or MTSQ M577. By the beginning of FY98 approximately 4,112,000 M314 series cartridges had been produced in the USA, although at that time production was in abeyance. In FY00 $7,937 million was allocated to restart the production of about 12,000 M314A2 rounds to support training and war reserve stockpiles. This procurement will overlap into FY01. After then no further production is planned until FY04 (about 7,000 rounds) and FY05 (about 6,000 rounds).</p><h2>Description</h2><p>The Cartridge, 105 mm: Illumination M314 is a semi-fixed round with the projectile being a free fit in the cartridge case to allow free access to the propellant increments inside the case. The base ejection projectile is a relatively thin-walled hollow steel forging with a boat-tailed base, a streamlined ogive and a gilding metal driving band. Carried inside the shell is a canister, filled with 789 g of a pressed illuminating compound, and a parachute unit. The baseplate is held in position with three shear pins; some sub-variants (for example the M314A2E1) also have three twist pins. In use the nose-mounted time fuze operates at the selected time after firing. Under the fuze base is a flash channel through which the fuze ignition passes a flash to ignite 50 g of black powder in a cloth bag (81 g on the M314A3, held in a sealed plastic holder). The black powder acts as an expulsion charge to exert pressure down onto the baseplate and cause the shear pins to break, the baseplate then falls away cleanly due to an imbalance created in its shape by a machined recess. The expulsion charge also creates a flash to ignite the illuminating compound via 68 g of a `first fire' composition so that, as the canister and parachute emerge from the shell base, the compound is already burning to create the required light. The average illumination is 400,000 to 450,000 candlepower and the illuminating compound burns for approximately 55 to 60 seconds. The flare canister is suspended from the nylon parachute unit by eight shrouds and excessive rotation of the flare canister is prevented by flaps located above the canister which flip out under air pressure. Maximum illumination range is 8,700 m (minimum 400 m). The cartridge case is of the M14 type. The standard M14 is manufactured using 70:30 brass but other materials have been used and may still be encountered; for instance the M14B1 used copper-plated drawn steel while the M14B4 is a three-piece spiral-wrapped lacquered steel case. The base-mounted percussion primer is pressed into place and may be one of several types including the M1B1A2, M28A2 (brass), M28B2 (steel) or M1A2 . The cartridge case contains the M67 propelling charge. This consists of seven M1 dualgran propellant increments packed in individually numbered cloth bags threaded together in numerical order on a length of silk or acrylic twine. Before loading, the required increments are arranged inside the case with the No 1 increment, the base charge, at the bottom and the No 7 increment located towards the case mouth. The other increments are arranged around the walls of the case and around the primer tube. Charge 1 is the base charge consisting of 238.42 g of propellant M1 (small size). Charge 2 consists of Charge 1 plus a 41.11 g increment of propellant M1 (small size). Nominal charge weight is 279.53 g. Charge 3 consists of Charge 2 plus a 70.87 g increment of propellant M1 (large size). Nominal charge weight is 350.4 g. Charge 4 consists of Charge 3 plus a 96.39 g increment of propellant M1 (large size). Nominal charge weight is 446.79 g. Charge 5 consists of Charge 4 plus a 153.09 g increment of propellant M1 (large size) and a sheet of lead which functions as a decoppering agent. Nominal charge weight is 599.88 g. Charge 6 consists of Charge 5 plus a 243.81 g increment of propellant M1 (large size). Nominal charge weight is 843.69 g. Charge 7 consists of Charge 6 plus a 369.89 g increment of propellant M1 (large size). Total nominal charge weight is then 1.241 kg. Ballistic data for the 105 mm Illumination M314 when fired from 105 mm M101/M101A1 howitzers is as follows: Charge 1 - MV 198.1 m/s - max range 3,510 m Charge 2 - MV 216.4 m/s - max range 4,110 m Charge 3 - MV 237.7 m/s - max range 4,860 m Charge 4 - MV 266.7 m/s - max range 5,950 m Charge 5 - MV 310.9 m/s - max range 7,650 m Charge 6 - MV 376.4 m/s - max range 9,380 m Charge 7 - MV 472.4 m/s - max range 11,270 m. Ballistic data for the 105 mm Illumination M314 when fired from 105 mm M102 howitzers is as follows: Charge 1 - MV 205 m/s - max range 3,700 m Charge 2 - MV 223 m/s - max range 4,300 m Charge 3 - MV 247 m/s - max range 5,200 m Charge 4 - MV 278 m/s - max range 6,300 m Charge 5 - MV 325 m/s - max range 8,100 m Charge 6 - MV 393 m/s - max range 9,600 m Charge 7 - MV 494 m/s - max range 11,500 m. Range data for the 105 mm L119/M119A1 Towed Howitzer when firing the 105 mm Illumination M314 is as follows: Charge 1 - range 1,800 to 3,400 m Charge 2 - range 2,100 to 4,100 m Charge 3 - range 2,600 to 4,800 m Charge 4 - range 4,100 to 6,300 m Charge 5 - range 4,200 to 7,900 m Charge 6 - range 5,000 to 9,500 m Charge 7 - range 6,200 to 11,500 m.</p><h2>Authorised fuzes</h2><p>M314A1, M314A2 - MTSQ M501 series (the MTSQ M548 may also be used) M314A3 - MT M565 or MTSQ M577 Equivalent rounds AUSTRALIA</p><p>AUSTRALIA</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>Office of Defence Production</p><p>Type: 105 mm Illuminating M314A2</p><p>Description: Standard US specifications</p><p>BELGIUM</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>PRB SA</p><p>Type: 105 mm Illuminating NR 146</p><p>Description: Standard US specifications. No longer in production but in widespread service</p><p>CANADA</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>SRC Industrial Technologies Inc</p><p>Type: 105 mm Illuminating C103</p><p>Description: Standard US M314A3 specifications</p><p>FRANCE</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>Giat Industries</p><p>Type: 105 mm Illuminating M314A3</p><p>Description: Standard specifications</p><p>GREECE</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>PYRKAL: Greek Powder & Cartridge Company</p><p>Type: 105 mm Illuminating</p><p>Description: Standard US specifications</p><p>IRAN</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>Defence Industries Organisation, Ammunition Group</p><p>Type: 105 mm Illuminating</p><p>Description: Exact version uncertain</p><p>ITALY</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>Simmel Difesa SpA</p><p>Type: 105 mm Illuminating</p><p>Description: Standard US M314A2 specifications</p><p>KOREA, SOUTH</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>Daewoo Corporation</p><p>Type: 105 mm Illuminating M314A1</p><p>Description: Standard US specifications</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>Korea Explosives Company</p><p>Type: 105 mm Illuminating M314A3</p><p>Description: Standard US specifications</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>Poongsan Corporation</p><p>Type: 105 mm Illuminating K275</p><p>Description: Based on M314 but with flare assembly modified to produce 590,000 candela for</p><p>60 seconds. Otherwise standard specifications</p><p>SPAIN</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>EXPAL SA</p><p>Type: Cartridge 105 mm Illuminating ME314A3</p><p>Description: Standard US specifications. May be fitted with MT M565 or MTSQ 501A1 fuzes</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>FOREX SA</p><p>Type: 105 mm Illuminating</p><p>Description: Standard US specifications</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>SANTA BARBARA SA</p><p>Type: Municion Illuminante 105 mm M314A3</p><p>Description: Standard US specifications</p><p>UNITED STATES OF AMERICA</p><h2>Manufacturer</h2><p>Morton Thiokol Corporation</p><p>Type: Cartridge, 105 mm, Illuminating, M314A3</p><p>Description: Standard specifications. Supplied fitted with MTSQ M577 fuze</p>

The Cartridge, 105 mm: Illumination M314 is a semi-fixed round with the projectile being a free fit in the cartridge case to allow free access to the propellant increments inside the case. The base ejection projectile is a relatively thin-walled hollow steel forging with a boat-tailed base, a streamlined ogive and a gilding metal driving band. Carried inside the shell is a canister, filled with 789 g of a pressed illuminating compound, and a parachute unit. The baseplate is held in position with three shear pins; some sub-variants (for example the M314A2E1) also have three twist pins. In use the nose-mounted time fuze operates at the selected time after firing. Under the fuze base is a flash channel through which the fuze ignition passes a flash to ignite 50 g of black powder in a cloth bag (81 g on the M314A3, held in a sealed plastic holder). The black powder acts as an expulsion charge to exert pressure down onto the baseplate and cause the shear pins to break, the baseplate then falls away cleanly due to an imbalance created in its shape by a machined recess.

The other increments are arranged around the walls of the case and around the primer tube. Charge 1 is the base charge consisting of 238.42 g of propellant M1 (small size). Charge 2 consists of Charge 1 plus a 41.11 g increment of propellant M1 (small size). Nominal charge weight is 279.53 g. Charge 3 consists of Charge 2 plus a 70.87 g increment of propellant M1 (large size). Nominal charge weight is 350.4 g. Charge 4 consists of Charge 3 plus a 96.39 g increment of propellant M1 (large size). Nominal charge weight is 446.79 g. Charge 5 consists of Charge 4 plus a 153.09 g increment of propellant M1 (large size) and a sheet of lead which functions as a decoppering agent. Nominal charge weight is 599.88 g. Charge 6 consists of Charge 5 plus a 243.81 g increment of propellant M1 (large size). Nominal charge weight is 843.69 g. Charge 7 consists of Charge 6 plus a 369.89 g increment of propellant M1 (large size). Total nominal charge weight is then 1.241 kg.

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Cartridge, 105 mm: Illumination M314

Cartridge, 105 mm: Illumination M314

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